specific needs of children and elderly left behind as a ... - IOM Moldova

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CHAPTER I ishable goods: “I buy food” (III_C_10); “For Internet” (III_C_17); “Pay the bills and for our house” (III_C_22); “School supplies, my brother pays the electricity and gas bills, we buy sweets, potato chips” (III_C_27), Sometimes the money is used for investing in their house or paying their education fees, etc.: “My sister left for Romania to study at the university”. Another aspect of the research refers to learning a new social role of managing money. In this context, the interviewed children showed different abilities to spend the money. Their answers depend on their priorities–spending money for entertainment, for daily necessities, household, school, or trying to save the most of money received from parents. By the way they spend money, children left behind differ from those whose parents are in the country: “The fact that they have more money, they are better dressed, even when they come to school, when they go in a store they can afford to buy whatever they want, but the ones with parents at home are held on a leash. They are not given all the money they want every day” (FG_C_3_rural). This situation creates a feeling of discomfort for the children whose parents remained at home. There are also cases when children whose parents are abroad helped the poor ones from their community, being aware of their needs. Parents themselves have reservations regarding their children’s ability to spend money. Trying to prevent deviant behaviour, some parents prefer to direct money to the caregiver. Children understand and accept such a decision: “They don’t give it to us because they know we’ll spend it... Anyway we don’t need it and they fear that we would buy cigarettes, drugs and stuff like that” (III_C_13). It is important to mention that there are situations when children are “spoiled” by remittances. In such a way parents wish to compensate for the absence of care and affection, therefore providing some goods and additional services. “It is very important that parents, when sending money, know exactly what their children are going to do with it. There should be an official person-in-charge with their children’s care” said the experts. Money management strategies are mainly oriented towards allocating resources to provide a decent life. Meanwhile the research highlighted different ways of prioritization in spending the money: from paying the fee for education to spending money on entertainment. Among other social responsibilities children should take is the way of spending the money, as any deviation in the management of remittances will be felt to a certain extent at the community level. 172
The well-being of migrants’ households The elderly • Providing the households Experience, knowledge and customs acquired by children of the elderly abroad have marked their aesthetic taste, hygiene and remittances value: “People of different social layers go abroad…those who have an education and those who are less educated but there they learn many good things”; “People living in the countryside come across many new things, they did not know about the existence of the washing machine or what good living conditions they may have, as for example, to have heating anytime or a clean house. We do not have such conditions and when you meet a woman who returned from abroad she tells you that before she left she had thought her life was good here in the country. But when she went abroad she saw the difference and now she intends to improve her life at home” (FG_EC_rural). The study emphasizes the fact that remittances influence the consumption of goods and services. Thus in the majority of cases, even when remittances are not big, people invest in water supply systems, sewerage, gas supply, building or major overhaul of a dwelling equipping it with household goods and furniture: “ Since children have left we began to live better...We have the possibility to buy more products, we made repairs and purchased furniture” (III_E_14). In rural localities there exist households that have all utilities: “I have a bathroom, automatic washing machine and I also have central heating” (III_E_1); “We have a bathroom and hot water…We also have autonomous gas heating...there is not a problem anymore to take a shower anytime... We have an automatic washing machine and access to the Internet and also a web camera” (III_E_14). This fact contributes to the improvement of the family well-being and living conditions. The ways households are provided for depend on the relationship between parents and their children. There were some cases identified when living conditions of the elderly practically had not changed: “I have the same living conditions as before my children went abroad” (FG_EE_urban_rural) most often when the elderly live separately. In cases when children live with their parents they are obliged to make some reparation: “There are people who invested in the house reparation” (FG_EE_urban_rural). It also happens that the elderly practically supervise construction or complete renovation of their children’s house: “My father was in charge with building the house and my mum returned in a new house” (FG_EE_urban_rural). For some institutionalized elderly their children try to provide additional comfort in the asylum: “He bought a TV set and a tape recorder 173
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SPECIFIC NEEDS OF CHILDREN AND ELDE
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CONTENTS Foreword .................
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Foreword quence of migration and in
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List of boxes List of boxes Box 1 B
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Executive summary elderly adjust to
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Executive summary • To develop fo
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Executive summary For private servi
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Executive summary - To offer inform
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Executive Introduction summary grat
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Methodology Executive Introduction
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Chapter I The lack of care and affe
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The perception of labour migration
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Psychological and social effects of
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The perception Children’s of labo
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Page 121 and 122: The perception Children’s of labo
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Page 179 and 180: Values and life plans 1.7. Values a
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Page 187 and 188: Chapter II Some children whose pare
Page 189 and 190: Normative aspects tection the child
Page 191 and 192: Normative aspects The legislation o
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Page 197 and 198: Policies and mechanisms existing on
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Policies and mechanisms existing on
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Mechanisms for coping with difficul
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Some children protest against the a
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Conclusions and recommendations (in
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Conclusions and recommendations sum
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Conclusions and recommendations inf
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Conclusions and recommendations - T
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Conclusions and recommendations - T
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Annexes Code Age Sex Residence envi
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Annexes Annex 4. Data on focus grou
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Annexes Annex 8. Certificate for th
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