Troeltsch, E., (1931) The Social Teaching <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Christian Churches, George Allen <strong>and</strong>Unwin, London:Tugwell, S., Hocken, P., Every, G., & Mills, J., (1976) New Heaven, New Earth: <strong>An</strong>encounter with Pentecostalism. Darton, Longman & Todd, London.Tutu, D., (1986) Crying in <strong>the</strong> Wilderness, Mowbray, Oxford.Twigg, J. (1979), "Food for thought: purity <strong>and</strong> vegetarianism" Religion, Vol. 9 (1)pp.13-35.United Reformed Church General Assembly (1982) Seven Fundamental Qualifications forMinistry.http://www.urc.org.uk/what_we_do/<strong>the</strong>_manual/ministries#fundamental_qualificationsUnited Reformed Church, (1989) URC Service Book, URC, London.United Reformed Church, (2008) Yearbook. URC, London.Valle, J., Raymond, P., (1989) “Religious Experience as Self Healing Mechanisms”. inWard, C., ed., (1989), Altered States <strong>of</strong> Consciousness <strong>and</strong> Mental Health: A CrossCultural Perspective, Sage, San Francisco, California, pp 149-66.Vas ilampi, T., Hanninen, O., (1982) “Cupping as a Traditional Healing Treatment inEastern Finl<strong>and</strong>” in Vas ilampi, T., & MacCormac , C.P., eds., (1982) Folk Medicine <strong>and</strong>Health Culture: The Role <strong>of</strong> Folk Medicine in Modern Health Care., The University <strong>of</strong>Koupio Department <strong>of</strong> Public Health, Koupio, Finl<strong>and</strong>.Village, A., (2005) “Dimensions <strong>of</strong> belief about miraculous healing”, Mental HealthReligion <strong>and</strong> Culture Vol. 8 (2) 97-107.Wagner, C. P., (1992) Prayer Shield, Monarch, Tunbridge Wells.Waine, B., & Henderson, J., (2003), “Managers, managing <strong>and</strong> managerialism”, inHenderson <strong>and</strong> Atkinson, (2003) pp 49-74.Wainwright, D., Calnan, M., (2002) Work Stress: The Making <strong>of</strong> a Modern Epidemic, OpenUniversity Press, Milton Keynes.Waldfogel, S., (1997) “Spirituality in Medicine” in R<strong>and</strong>all J.R., & Lazar, J.S., eds.,Complementary <strong>and</strong> Alternative Therapies in Primary Care, Primary Care Series, Vol. 24(4), W.B.Saunders, Philadelphia pp 963-974.Walkert, T. (2004) Mo<strong>the</strong>rship Connections A Black Atlantic Syn<strong>the</strong>sis <strong>of</strong> NeoclassicalMetaphysics <strong>and</strong> Black Theology, SUNY Press, New York.Wallin, N., Merker, B. <strong>and</strong> Brown, S., eds. (1999) The Origins <strong>of</strong> Music, MIT Press,Cambridge, Massachussetts.Walter, T., (1994) The Revival <strong>of</strong> Death. Routledge, London.Walsh, D., (2001) “Doing Ethnography” in Seale, C., Ed. Researching Society <strong>and</strong> Culture,Sage, London.W<strong>and</strong>, J.W.C., (1963) A History <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Early Church to AD 500, Methuen, London.Ward, B. “<strong>and</strong> Associates” (1996) 2 nd edition) Good Grief: Exploring Feelings, Loss <strong>and</strong>Death with over 11s <strong>and</strong> adults, Jessica Kingsley, London <strong>and</strong> Bristol.Ward, C, A., (1989) “Possession <strong>and</strong> exorcism in magic-religious context” in Ward C.A.,ed., (1989) Altered States <strong>of</strong> Consciousness <strong>and</strong> Mental Health, Sage, London.Ward, R.H., (1970) “Some aspects <strong>of</strong> religious life in an immigrant area in Manchester” inMartin <strong>and</strong> Hill, (1970).Warrington, K., (2008) Pentecostal Theology: A Theology <strong>of</strong> Encounter, T. & T. Clarke337
International, London <strong>and</strong> New York.Waugh, A., & Grant, A., (2006) Ross <strong>and</strong> Wilson‘s <strong>An</strong>atomy <strong>and</strong> Physiology in health <strong>and</strong>illness,9 th Edition, Churchill Livingston Elsevier, Edinburgh, London <strong>and</strong> New York.Weber, M., (1947) The Theory <strong>of</strong> Social <strong>and</strong> Economic Organizations, translated byHenderson, A. & Parsons, T., Oxford University Press, London.Weber, M., (1968) Economy <strong>and</strong> Society, University <strong>of</strong> California Press, Los <strong>An</strong>gelesWeiss, G. L,. Lonnquist, L. E., (2005) The Sociology <strong>of</strong> Health, Healing <strong>and</strong> Illness,Pearson Education., Newark, New Jersey.Wengraf, T., (2001) Qualitative research: Interviewing, Biographical narrative <strong>and</strong> Semistructuredmethods Sage, London.White, K., (2002) <strong>An</strong> Introduction to <strong>the</strong> Sociology <strong>of</strong> Health <strong>and</strong> Illness, Sage, London &New Delhi.Whitehouse, H., & McCauley, R., (2005) “New Frontiers in <strong>the</strong> Cognitive Science <strong>of</strong>Religion” Journal <strong>of</strong> Cognition <strong>and</strong> Culture Vol. 5 ( 1-2) pp 1-13.WHO, (1946) The Constitution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> World Health Organization, World HealthOrganization, Geneva.WHO, (1992) The ICD-10 Classification <strong>of</strong> Mental <strong>and</strong> Behavioural Disorders, WorldHealth Organization, Geneva.Williams, F., (1993) Social Policy: A Critical Introduction, Polity Press, Cambridge.Williams, R., (1958) Culture <strong>and</strong> Society, London, Chatto <strong>and</strong> Windus.Win elman, M., (1998) “Altered States <strong>of</strong> Consciousness <strong>and</strong> Religious Behaviour” inGlazier, S., ed., <strong>An</strong>thropology <strong>of</strong> Religion: A H<strong>and</strong>book <strong>of</strong> Method <strong>and</strong> Theory, Greenwood,Westport, Connecticut, pp 393-428.Winkelman, M., (2000) Shamanism: The Neural Ecology <strong>of</strong> Consciousness <strong>and</strong> Healing.Bergin <strong>and</strong> Garvey, Westport, Connecticut.Win elman, M., (2001) “Psycho-integrators: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on <strong>the</strong>Therapeutic Effects <strong>of</strong> Hallucinogens” Complementary Health Practice Review Vol. 6 (3)pp. 219-37.Winston, B., (2002) The Spirit <strong>of</strong> Leadership, Bill Winston Ministries, Oak Park, Illinois.Wiseman, R., & Watt C., (2006)” Belief in psychic ability <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> misattributionhypo<strong>the</strong>sis: A qualitative review” British Journal <strong>of</strong> Psychology Vol. 97 pp 323-338.Witvleit, C.van O., Ludwig, T. E., & V<strong>and</strong>er Laan, K.L., (2001) “Granting forgiveness orharbouring grudges: Implications for emotions, physiology <strong>and</strong> health” Journal <strong>of</strong>Psychological Science Vol. 12(2) pp 117-123.Wolcott, H.F., (1990) “On see ing <strong>and</strong> rejecting validity in qualitative research” in Eisner,H.W., & Peshkin A., eds., Qualitative Enquiry in Education: The Continuing Absolute,Teachers College Press, New York.Wong, Y., <strong>and</strong> Vins y, J., (2009) “Spea g from <strong>the</strong> margins: A critical reflectionon <strong>the</strong>“<strong>spiritual</strong>-but-not-religious” discourse in social wor , British Journal <strong>of</strong>Social Work Vol. 39 (7) pp. 1343-1359.Wordsworth, H., (2007) “Reclaim <strong>the</strong> Spirit” Nursing St<strong>and</strong>ard. Vol. 22 (10) pp 22-23.Worthington, E.L., Witvliet, C.van O., Pietrini, P. & Lerner, A.J., (2007) “Forgiveness,health, <strong>and</strong> well-being: A review <strong>of</strong> emotional vs decisional forgiveness, dispositionalforgivingness <strong>and</strong> unreduced forgiveness” Journal <strong>of</strong> Behavioural Medicine. Vol. 30 pp338
- Page 1:
Greenwich Academic Literature Archi
- Page 4 and 5:
AcknowledgementsI extend much grati
- Page 6 and 7:
Chapter 3: Methodology 633.1 Introd
- Page 8 and 9:
7.3 Prayer as Health Seeking Behavi
- Page 10 and 11:
CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT
- Page 12 and 13:
healing, bricolage and the use of s
- Page 14 and 15:
To remedy these gaps in the discour
- Page 16 and 17:
do with me‟ so she sent me to sch
- Page 18 and 19:
Interestingly, after 30 years of pr
- Page 20 and 21:
listening to a group of people that
- Page 22 and 23:
that I felt within the Black majori
- Page 24:
Chapter 3 describes the methodology
- Page 27:
espondents‟ perception of sufferi
- Page 30 and 31:
CHAPTER TWOLITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Int
- Page 32 and 33:
themes, it became necessary to revi
- Page 34 and 35:
suggests a combined approach where
- Page 36 and 37:
and healing as a kind of self-impro
- Page 39 and 40:
eports that the English believed th
- Page 41 and 42:
According to Davey et al (2002) ill
- Page 43 and 44:
deviant behaviour. The difference b
- Page 45 and 46:
church concretised the ideas of rel
- Page 47 and 48:
theology. It is no accident that th
- Page 49 and 50:
concept of culture we inevitably do
- Page 51 and 52:
When we look at the effect of cultu
- Page 53 and 54:
to help us to understand the totali
- Page 55 and 56:
information about the association a
- Page 57 and 58:
when emotional wounds are healed or
- Page 59 and 60:
climatic conditions, shelter and a
- Page 61 and 62:
cancers has been documented by Phil
- Page 63 and 64:
concepts of reality and destiny are
- Page 65 and 66:
healer intentionally through a proc
- Page 67 and 68:
attachments that meet humans' funda
- Page 69 and 70:
distinguish from mental disorders.
- Page 71 and 72:
take a phenomenological and ethnogr
- Page 73 and 74:
coming but her method is not primar
- Page 75 and 76:
from posters on the church notice b
- Page 77 and 78:
Healing services in both churches f
- Page 79 and 80:
Qualitative method can, however, be
- Page 81 and 82:
3.5 Problems of participant and non
- Page 83 and 84:
difficulties that were to be presen
- Page 85 and 86:
isolating experience was certainly
- Page 87 and 88:
not necessarily addressed through t
- Page 89 and 90:
It may not be possible for all the
- Page 91 and 92:
signed to their awareness and appro
- Page 93 and 94:
Consequently the practice relating
- Page 95 and 96:
problem free. Ethnography requires
- Page 97 and 98:
ecommended by the Pastor. When they
- Page 99 and 100:
The greater proportion of females i
- Page 101 and 102:
difficulties involved in constructi
- Page 103 and 104:
musical Pentecostal style of worshi
- Page 105 and 106:
The different emphases in soteriolo
- Page 107 and 108:
literature may remain in its infanc
- Page 109 and 110:
does not mean „Pentecostal‟ nor
- Page 111 and 112:
church, the cultural differences we
- Page 113 and 114:
umbrella of churches. The leaders c
- Page 115 and 116:
local autonomy, the majority of Con
- Page 117 and 118:
The post-1905 Pentecostals saw thei
- Page 119 and 120:
the Holy Ghost). Interestingly the
- Page 121 and 122:
the churches they are busy breaking
- Page 123 and 124:
friends started to meet in the home
- Page 125 and 126:
such as COGIC, have developed a str
- Page 127 and 128:
the church group to strangers. In t
- Page 129 and 130:
and illustrate the oral tradition o
- Page 131 and 132:
4.8.1. Description of the inside of
- Page 133 and 134:
The order of service below is based
- Page 135 and 136:
forgiving note may signify partial
- Page 137 and 138:
Table 3 Organisational hierarchy of
- Page 139 and 140:
One of the original churches which
- Page 141 and 142:
communion table. To the right of th
- Page 143 and 144:
Minister used an acronym to illustr
- Page 145 and 146:
GloriaPrayer for grace or collectSc
- Page 147 and 148:
service whilst URC church attendees
- Page 149 and 150:
mainstream Christianity, their doct
- Page 151 and 152:
on the project and make requests to
- Page 153 and 154:
made to integrate the white people
- Page 155 and 156:
‗Garlic is good for reducing high
- Page 157 and 158:
4.13 ConclusionThis chapter began w
- Page 159 and 160:
organization. This role can only be
- Page 161 and 162:
5.3 The Authority and Power of the
- Page 163 and 164:
to become approved (professional) m
- Page 165 and 166:
majority. In recent years with Brit
- Page 167 and 168:
leadership although it is about aut
- Page 169 and 170:
Azusa Street outpouring in 1906. Af
- Page 171 and 172:
other who wal sorderly, and not of
- Page 173 and 174:
Although the Holy Spirit was presen
- Page 175 and 176:
Respondent 3 covered topics includi
- Page 177 and 178:
Respondent 10 (below) has similar v
- Page 179 and 180:
of rejection by the host community
- Page 181 and 182:
ehaviour model. In this situation,
- Page 183 and 184:
and they feel. It is not everybody
- Page 185 and 186:
many sections of society. It also s
- Page 187 and 188:
people. These qualities, however, a
- Page 189 and 190:
came across as though he was presen
- Page 191 and 192:
very important for this.On occasion
- Page 193 and 194:
CHAPTER SIXSUFFERING AND HEALING6.1
- Page 195 and 196:
mind body and spirit implies that i
- Page 197 and 198:
suffering. Most of these situations
- Page 199 and 200:
Respondent: Not for my sister she h
- Page 201 and 202:
man to repent and return to the cre
- Page 203 and 204:
clotting treatment. After the treat
- Page 205 and 206:
gift of miraculous powers go with t
- Page 207 and 208:
What I teach on this matter is, tha
- Page 209 and 210:
The bible does not condemn, forbid
- Page 211 and 212:
possibility of impending change in
- Page 213 and 214:
prayer or they are rested. What is
- Page 215 and 216:
„Whatever the educational attainm
- Page 217 and 218:
„The message of Job is a comfort
- Page 219 and 220:
he has questioned God‟s purposes
- Page 221 and 222:
pray for them. In the words of seve
- Page 223 and 224:
demonic forces. Explanations of spi
- Page 225 and 226:
In the observation example quoted a
- Page 227 and 228:
employed by the mother had she live
- Page 229 and 230:
healing. Worthington et al. (2007)
- Page 231 and 232:
in the account of a young mother in
- Page 233 and 234:
y not having a normal relationship
- Page 235 and 236:
and not related to any one cultural
- Page 237 and 238:
prayer to ma e me better‟, as tho
- Page 239 and 240:
Non-academic, or „popular‟ Chri
- Page 241 and 242:
when the healer petitions God in pr
- Page 243 and 244:
health and the ways in which hospit
- Page 245 and 246:
showing lethargy in praying, failin
- Page 247 and 248:
know when you have stomach ulcer yo
- Page 249 and 250:
ministers like Harris (2002) 3 . Th
- Page 251 and 252:
Healing services in the URC are mor
- Page 253 and 254:
Respondent: You have to have the gi
- Page 255 and 256:
psychological effect of knowing her
- Page 257 and 258:
Chapter 2, without taking some posi
- Page 259 and 260:
Prayer for distant healing takes pl
- Page 261 and 262:
Although prayers for healing are sa
- Page 263 and 264:
The healing services also include f
- Page 265 and 266:
The method and processes of closing
- Page 267 and 268:
7.7. ConclusionThis chapter has exa
- Page 269 and 270:
This chapter was born out of observ
- Page 271 and 272:
website (http://www.stonybrookmedic
- Page 273 and 274:
For those who reject traditional Ch
- Page 275 and 276:
hands on the forehead of each perso
- Page 277 and 278:
The minister also invited the rest
- Page 279 and 280:
service closed with silence accompa
- Page 281 and 282:
In this respondent‟s‟ account,
- Page 283 and 284:
Below are brief parts of extracts p
- Page 285 and 286:
service was when the speaker came t
- Page 287 and 288:
observed believed the aura of the h
- Page 289 and 290:
Ministers/healers of these two cong
- Page 291 and 292:
constituent of worship even where t
- Page 293 and 294:
to herself, and argues that music h
- Page 295 and 296: could not read or write. Such music
- Page 297 and 298: linking the psychic/mythological an
- Page 299 and 300: group coordination through rhythmo-
- Page 301 and 302: People can become so involved in a
- Page 303 and 304: visual and auditory areas which act
- Page 305 and 306: Campbell (1998) argue that as music
- Page 307 and 308: The extracts from fieldwork notes b
- Page 309 and 310: In COGIC the singing is accompanied
- Page 311 and 312: when I was ill. Then my mum died th
- Page 313 and 314: The passage cited from Respondent 1
- Page 315 and 316: CHAPTER TENCONCLUSION AND RECOMMEND
- Page 317 and 318: etween health professionals and chu
- Page 319 and 320: The initial aim of the study: „to
- Page 321 and 322: part of worship services a priority
- Page 323 and 324: health professionals and spiritual
- Page 325 and 326: are culturally conditioned rational
- Page 327 and 328: professionals. Despite the differen
- Page 329 and 330: prominent amongst people who attend
- Page 331 and 332: ReferencesAchterberg, J., (1985) Im
- Page 333 and 334: Bentham, J., (2001ff, originally 18
- Page 335 and 336: Department of Health, (1999) Saving
- Page 337 and 338: Hall, S., (1985) “Religious Ideol
- Page 339 and 340: Katz, J. J., (1990) Metaphysics of
- Page 341 and 342: http://emedicine.medscape.com/artic
- Page 343 and 344: Pullar, P., (1988) Spiritual and La
- Page 345: Comparative Perspective, Berg, Oxfo