Changing public space

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Glossary Chief Government Architect (Rijksbouwmeester) stimulates the quality of architecture in the Netherlands, not only where it concerns the central government of the Netherlands, but also beyond. In carrying out this task, the Chief Government Architect assumes an independent position. He advises the government on architectural policy and government housing. Mels Crouwel is the current Rijksbouwmeester, Kees Rijnboutt occupied the position 1989-1995. See: www.rijksbouwmeester.nl/english/index.html Council of State (Raad van State) advises the Dutch government and parliament on legislation and governance and is the country’s highest administrative court. See: www.raadvanstate.nl Court of Audit (Rekenkamer) investigates whether Dutch <strong>public</strong> funds are collected and spent regularly and effectively. It is independent of the government and Parliament, deciding for itself what to audit, how to do so, and what to publish. See: www.rekenkamer.nl CVAH merchant association (Centrale Vereniging voor de Ambulante Handel) that unites all market, river and street vendors of the Netherlands since 1921. It is a unique combination of an employers’ association and interest group. See: www.cvah.nl dS+V abbreviation of the Department of Urban Planning and Housing (Dienst Stedenbouw en Volkshuisvesting) of the City of Rotterdam. See: www.dvs.rotterdam.nl ERDF abbreviation of European Regional Development Fund (Europees Fonds voor Regionale Ontwikkeling, EFRO) aims to promote regional development. Therefore, it contributes towards financing productive investment leading to the creation or maintenance of jobs, infrastructure, and local development initiatives and the business activities of small and medium-sized enterprises. See: http://europa.eu/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l60015.htm FCE association of local entrepreneurs in Enschede (Federatie Centrumondernemers Enschede). No website available. Multi property company of Dutch origin, which develops, owns and operates shopping centres, offices and mixed-use projects in Europe. The company was first called Multivastgoed. Later it was renamed AM Development or AM Vastgoed. In February 2006, the company was renamed again as a result of a new financial structure with the Morgan Stanley Real Estate Fund. Its current name is Multi Corporation. When referring to this company in the chapters, the name ‘Multi’ is consistently applied even when in the period referred to the official name of the company was Multivastgoed or AM Development. See: www.multidevelopment.com NRW Dutch council of shopping centres (Nederlandse Raad voor Winkelcentra, NRW), which was established in 1986 as non-for-profit organisation to coordinate businesses and institutions that are involved in shopping centres. It serves as a network, in which knowledge transfer takes place. The council arranges lunch meetings and fieldtrips, and offers an annual award to the best shopping centre of the year. See: www.nrw.nl Platform for city centre management (Platform Binnenstadsmanagement) was established in 1995. It is a network of 55 Dutch and Belgian cities that have implied an active city centre 195
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Changing public space The recent re
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Changing public space
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Netherlands Geographical Studies 37
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Contents Figures 9 Tables 11 Voorwo
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7 Fear and fantasy in the cases 147
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Figures 1.1 Outline of the thesis 2
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Tables 2.1 Development of European
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Voorwoord Al reizend ervaart men he
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1 Changing role of public space in
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23 per cent of the geographical pub
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Mentzel (1993: 104):* the place whe
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home country but also evaluate publ
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1. How have the design and manageme
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and agency as complementary forces
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of public space, it could also make
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2 Development and typology of Dutch
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periods, the table illustrates the
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Figure 2.1 The Vismarkt (fish marke
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1985 on behest of the communist lea
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Figure 2.2 Neude in Utrecht in 1989
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(Prak, 2002; Meyer et al., 2006). B
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ecause its situation has altered th
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connection can also be less clear-c
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can also explain why certain square
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3 Current trends in the design and
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Figure 3.1 Sign of CCTV in Barcelon
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easy access (Lofland, 1998). This c
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how entertainment has gone through
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Figure 3.2 The Beestenmarkt in Delf
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Dynamics in production structures
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surveillance cameras, their operato
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at redeveloped derelict sites that
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4 Private-sector involvement in the
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urban policy in the 1980s after an
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(1989) defines as the transformatio
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3. A shift from public sector to pr
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through a blend of architectural de
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4.3.1 Role and objectives of local
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uildings and to emphasise that they
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increase in the number of rules or
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for the dispossessed, which Mitchel
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process (i.e., longer duration, mor
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5 Research design and methodology I
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Figure 5.1 Cultural square: Museump
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(Slager, 2007). There are also hybr
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5.2.2 Inventory of Dutch city squar
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Table 5.3 Research objects in the n
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Appendix C consists of an interview
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concepts have been specified in six
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Figure 5.7 Permanent stage on the G
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6 Urban policy and spatial structur
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document to stimulate the diversifi
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six museums in the area, which were
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emphasises the need for well-connec
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Figure 6.2 Schouwburgplein Central
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Table 6.3 Timeline of developments
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Figure 6.4 Beurstraverse Bijenkorf
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Table 6.4 Policies and changes in p
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The Spuiboulevard was the first pro
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Table 6.5 Timeline of developments
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is unclear when the real redevelopm
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Figure 6.9 Statenplein Scheffersple
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success to a strong project leader,
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6.4.1 Policy and structure in Ensch
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Figure 6.12 Oude Markt 7021 Stadsgr
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the market. However, the market ass
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etail stores. The Van Heekplein thu
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After all actors were involved and
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government realised it needed to pr
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compared to 36 per cent in 2000. Th
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this therefore also includes the Pe
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Figure 6.19 Loeffplein Bloemenkamp
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Page 147 and 148: problems). In addition, it appointe
Page 149 and 150: 7 Fear and fantasy in the cases 7.1
Page 151 and 152: cafés. The members of the consorti
Page 153 and 154: esidential square located outside t
Page 155 and 156: also perceive it that way; they eva
Page 157 and 158: comprised of many stores with a ‘
Page 159 and 160: actors involved in the cases in mor
Page 161 and 162: confirms the work of several author
Page 163 and 164: 8 Private-sector involvement in the
Page 165 and 166: 8.2.1 Role and objectives of the lo
Page 167 and 168: Discussions during the focus group
Page 169 and 170: and investors hardly contribute to
Page 171 and 172: the architects responsible for the
Page 173 and 174: 2) a decrease in the free access of
Page 175 and 176: There is also a compulsive pressure
Page 177 and 178: they argued that property owners ar
Page 179 and 180: They were all refuted until V&D and
Page 181 and 182: In addition to a longer duration, p
Page 183 and 184: In a similar vein, one informant em
Page 185 and 186: 9 Conclusions, reflections, and imp
Page 187 and 188: were laid out in the 1950s as parts
Page 189 and 190: ‘supply side’. This includes th
Page 191 and 192: Van Heekplein (i.e., Foruminvest, H
Page 193 and 194: edevelopment of the PPP squares was
Page 195: more restricted due to private-sect
Page 199 and 200: Appendix A Interviews and focus gro
Page 201 and 202: Table A.5 Case-study interviews on
Page 203 and 204: (1) (2) (3) City a Population b Nam
Page 205 and 206: 2. Object: changes in the design an
Page 207 and 208: Capacities: Role of investor Respon
Page 209 and 210: Table E.2 Main Dutch investors invo
Page 211 and 212: Samenvatting Veranderende openbare
Page 213 and 214: Beurstraverse. Het Van Heekplein in
Page 215 and 216: in hun eigendom, maar ook in de rui
Page 217 and 218: uimte leiden. Tenslotte kunnen de b
Page 219 and 220: References Aarts, M., ed. (1995), E
Page 221 and 222: Burgers, J. (2003), De historische
Page 223 and 224: Gemeente Enschede (1999), H.J. van
Page 225 and 226: Ibelings, H. (2004), Geprivatiseerd
Page 227 and 228: Mitchell, D. (2001), Postmodern geo
Page 229 and 230: Rishbeth, C. & N. Finney (2006), No
Page 231 and 232: Van de Wiel, J. (1996), De winkelfu
Page 233 and 234: Curriculum vitae Rianne van Melik w
Page 235 and 236: NEDERLANDSE GEOGRAFISCHE STUDIES /
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