CMOS Optical Preamplifier Design Using Graphical Circuit Analysis

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2.4 Circuit Analysis Techniques 26 2.4.1 Transistor Feedback Amplifier: A Comparative Example Nodal Analysis To illustrate and compare these three circuit analysis techniques, consider the two-stage feedback amplifier taken from [Rosenstark,1986] 3 and shown in Figure 2.13. Assuming the transistors have a transconductance = 100mS and β = 100 , let us determine the input and output resistance as well as the voltage gain of the amplifier. We proceed by deriving a small-signal circuit and determining a set of nodal equations using KCL at nodes 1, 2, 3, and v o . The resulting relations can be expressed in the following state-space equation: where 3. Ibid, p. 13. v s R s =1kΩ 1 R in 2 Q 1 3 V cc R 1 =10kΩ R e =28Ω Q 2 R 2 =1kΩ R f =500Ω v o R out Figure 2.13 Two-stage amplifier with feedback. AX + Bu= 0 B – 1 ⁄ Rs 000 T = = X = v1 v2 v3 vo u = vs – 0.001 000 T T g m (2.4)
A = = For = 1V , the solution is v s and the gain is simply the output voltage, or Gain = v0 ⁄ vs = 18.34 . 2.4 Circuit Analysis Techniques 27 1 ⁄ Rs + 1 ⁄ re – gm gm – 1 ⁄ re 0 0 – 1 ⁄ re 1 ⁄ re + 1 ⁄ R f + 1 ⁄ RE 0 – 1⁄ R f gm – gm 1 ⁄ R1 + 1 ⁄ rπ 0 0 – 1⁄ R f gm 1 ⁄ R2 + 1 ⁄ R f 0.002 – 0.001 0 0 – 0.101 0.1387 0 – 0.002 0.1 – 0.1 0.0011 0 0 – 0.002 0.1 0.003 The input resistance can be calculated indirectly using the expression To determine the output resistance, we can inject a unit test current at the output and calculate the resulting output voltage. As such, matrix A and vector X remain unchanged but now By setting the test current to unity, the resulting solution is and the output resistance is X A 1 – – Bu 0.9942 0.9883 – 0.5305 18.34 T = = R in v s v s = --- – Rs = ------------------------------- – Rs = 170kΩ is ( vs – v1) ⁄ Rs B 000– 1 T = u = itest X 0.1069 0.2139 9.7213 9.4331 T =
Page 1 and 2: CMOS Optical Preamplifier Design Us
Page 3 and 4: To achieve low-voltage operation, w
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODU
Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER 1 1.1 OVERVIEW Introduction
Page 9 and 10: Information Source Modulator Drive
Page 11 and 12: 1.2 Thesis Outline 5 [Ohhata,1999].
Page 13 and 14: 1.2 Thesis Outline 7 technique call
Page 15 and 16: 1.2 Thesis Outline 9 Detector in St
Page 17 and 18: E e + - V bias 2.1 Photodetectors 1
Page 19 and 20: Diode Capacitance (pF) Diode capaci
Page 21 and 22: 2.2 Optical Preamplifier Structures
Page 23 and 24: 2.3 Transimpedance Amplifier Design
Page 27 and 28: I dc 2.3 Transimpedance Amplifier D
Page 31: Source Figure 2.11 General structur
Page 35 and 36: The gain of the forward amplifier c
Page 37 and 38: Feedback Analysis Using Return Rati
Page 39 and 40: 2.4 Circuit Analysis Techniques 33
Page 41 and 42: 2.5 An Overview of Signal-Flow Grap
Page 43 and 44: 1 x1 x2 2.5 An Overview of Signal-F
Page 45 and 46: 2.6 SUMMARY REFERENCES • ∆ k =
Page 47 and 48: Symp. Circuits Systems, vol. 3, pp.
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTER 3 New Transimpedance Amplif
Page 51 and 52: 3.1 A Differential Transimpedance A
Page 57 and 58: 3.2 A Feedback Topology for Ambient
Page 59 and 60: 3.2 A Feedback Topology for Ambient
Page 61 and 62: Transimpedance (dBΩ) 90 80 60 40
Page 63 and 64: 3.3 A Low-Voltage Transimpedance Am
Page 73 and 74: C 3 Φ1VB M 3 V B- =0.7V M 7 Figure
Page 77 and 78: 3.4 SUMMARY 3.4 Summary 71 In this
Page 79 and 80: 3.4 Summary 73 Y. Nakagome et al.,
Page 81 and 82: 4.1 Introduction 75 back topology o
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4.2 Circuit Analysis Using Driving-
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4.3 DPI/SFG: Combining DPI Analysis
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4.4 Determining Port Impedances 87
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v i R in v o R out 4.4 Determining
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id » ro and 1 ⁄ rid « Av ⁄ ro
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Z b r e g m 4.5 Analyzing Transisto
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4.5 Analyzing Transistor Circuits 9
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Figure 4.25 SFG for the source foll
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5.1 Analysis of the Low-Voltage Tra
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5.1 Analysis of the Low-Voltage Tra
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5.2 DEVELOPING AN ANALYTIC CIRCUIT
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Z in 5.2 Developing an Analytic Cir
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5.2 Developing an Analytic Circuit
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I n1 : i in I n2 -I n1 i scin ( sCi
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Page 129 and 130:
I nRf : 5.2 Developing an Analytic
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DC transimpedance gain: Pole locati
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Frequency (MHz) 500 450 400 350 300
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Pole frequencies(MHz) 500 450 400 3
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Optimizing Sensitivity 5.2 Developi
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Transimpedance Volts dB (lin) Gain
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CHAPTER 6 Implementation and Experi
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6.1 A 1V Optical Receiver Front-End
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6.1.2 Experimental Results 6.1 A 1V
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Gain(dB) 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5
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Clock signal of voltage doubler Eye
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6.2 Variable-Gain Transimpedance Am
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6.2.2 Experimental Results 6.2 Vari
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6.3 Summary and State-of-the-Art Co
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Reference Outputs Technology Supply
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CHAPTER 7 Conclusions 7.1 SUMMARY A
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7.2 Future Work 165 The significanc
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7.2 Future Work 167 supply and subs
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v s i ti that part of the SFG for Q
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Thus, P1 ′ = b = 500Ω ∆1 ′
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itive representation of circuit dyn
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Bipolar Transistor i scb Z b v b b
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CMOS Optical Preamplifier Design Using Graphical Circuit Analysis

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