Libro de Resúmenes / Book of Abstracts (Español/English)

Resumenes 102
trees are contagious if one of them is sick, which can be determined by the
existing distance between the branches of the trees. A connected couple are
two immediate trees which mutual contagion is inevitable. 3) A function
exists x(a) that defines the probability of which two immediate trees chosen
at random form a connected couple. This one depends basically on the
distance, which implies that on having diminished a, the probability of
contagion increases. In the language of the clusters, this can be seen this
way: if two trees form a connected couple, a wire will represent a union
among them, but if being immediate they do not form connected couple, a
cutting wire will show among them.
A model of the evolution pre-biological is proposed that explains the
evolutionary processes in the alive beings, and, while greater is the number
of critical states or of changes of phase states of a biological process, better
will be the prediction that can be done using the percolation theory, which
can be used for to optimize states futures of the alive being, and this has
wide applications in bio-technology.
To simulate these situations, two experiments were realized:
In the first one, there is used a grid that has two electrodes welded to
your sides. This assembly is connected to an electrical circuit. One starts
blocking every node cutting the four wires that connect it, there is done a
study of the electrical resistance in conformity with the quantity of blocked
nodes. The node that it must be submitted to blockade is chosen in random
form. For it there are used random numbers obtained with the Montecarlo
Method for to determine the coordinates of all the nodes and then by means
of a selection there is chosen the node that must be blocked. Also a
computational program of simulation has been implemented using LabView.
In the second experiment, there was realized an montage that
consists of a group of thousand conductive spheres and thousand dielectrics
spheres, and the spheres were located in a container in a random form and
when they were deposited the percolation threshold is measuring, that is to
say, the minimal point where it is possible to establish a way of conduction
in a random form. The percolation threshold is equal to the number of
conductive spheres divided among the total number of spheres. When a
greater number of spheres were taken, the percolation threshold obtained
was more near of the theoretical value. According to the model of auto
organization of the macromolecules, this one is possible if the molecular
system a-biogenic possesses metabolism, auto-reproduction and mutability.
The metabolism means that the system is opened and that in it the
polymerization and decomposition of the polymers occurs. Since the system
is far from the equilibrium, these two processes are not tied by the
condition of the microscopic reversibility. For the maintenance of the
metabolism is necessary the abundance of substances, which possesses an
excess of free energy. The auto-reproduction (copies matricial of the
polymer) is an autocatalytic process, which the auto-organization assures.
The mutagenesis is necessary for the creation of the new information. In
this experiment, there was taken in account that the principal difference
between a biological process and an inert process is the level of fluctuations
or instabilities, due to the fact that on having increased the concentration of
these there is modified the future behavior of the alive being (evolution).