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Libro de Resúmenes / Book of Abstracts (Español/English)

Libro de Resúmenes / Book of Abstracts (Español/English)

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Resumenes 66<br />

Suponemos que la función <strong>de</strong> crecimiento <strong>de</strong> la población <strong>de</strong> roedores<br />

es <strong>de</strong> tipo logístico, el cual incluye la <strong>de</strong>nso–<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia como principal<br />

forma <strong>de</strong> auto-regulación <strong>de</strong> la población (la cual dispone <strong>de</strong> un recurso<br />

alimenticio sin restricciones). La extracción <strong>de</strong> las presas por los<br />

<strong>de</strong>predadores (respuesta funcional) es <strong>de</strong> la forma Beddington-DeAngelis<br />

[5] que incorpora la respuesta hiperbólica con interferencia entre los<br />

<strong>de</strong>predadores.<br />

Por su parte la ecuación que <strong>de</strong>scribe el crecimiento <strong>de</strong> los<br />

<strong>de</strong>predadores también es <strong>de</strong> tipo logístico don<strong>de</strong> la capacidad <strong>de</strong> carga <strong>de</strong><br />

los <strong>de</strong>predadores es directamente proporcional a la <strong>de</strong>nsidad <strong>de</strong> las presas.<br />

Entonces el mo<strong>de</strong>lo propuesto es <strong>de</strong>l tipo Leslie [5] y es <strong>de</strong>scrito por el<br />

sistema <strong>de</strong> ecuaciones diferenciales:<br />

⎧dN<br />

⎛ N ⎞ qN<br />

⎪ = r⎜1−<br />

⎟N<br />

−<br />

P<br />

⎪ dt ⎝ K ⎠ V ( P)<br />

N + bP + a<br />

⎪<br />

X µ : ⎨<br />

⎪<br />

⎪dP<br />

⎛ P ⎞<br />

= s<br />

⎪ ⎜<br />

⎜1−<br />

⎟ P<br />

⎩ dt ⎝ n g(<br />

N,<br />

P)<br />

⎠<br />

7<br />

don<strong>de</strong> µ = ( r,<br />

K,<br />

q,<br />

b,<br />

a,<br />

s,<br />

n)<br />

∈ℜ<br />

+ y los parámetros tienen diferentes<br />

significados biológicos a<strong>de</strong>más la función g(N, P), indica la cantidad <strong>de</strong><br />

presas por <strong>de</strong>predador necesarias para sostener la permanencia <strong>de</strong> la<br />

población <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>predadores, esto es:<br />

φ N<br />

g(<br />

X , P)<br />

=<br />

.<br />

V ( P)<br />

N + bP + c<br />

Demostramos que el (0,0) es punto atractor no hiperbólico y por lo<br />

tanto este mo<strong>de</strong>lo predice la extinción <strong>de</strong> ambas poblaciones.<br />

A predation mo<strong>de</strong>l consi<strong>de</strong>ring vulnerability on prey<br />

Since the works about population dynamics by Charles Elton, Alfred<br />

Lotka and Vito Volterra around the 20's last century, the theoretical<br />

continuous time predator-prey mo<strong>de</strong>ls are an important tool to un<strong>de</strong>rstand<br />

the complex oscillations on natural populations, and in particular, <strong>of</strong> small<br />

ro<strong>de</strong>nt populations.<br />

Density, persistence and stability <strong>of</strong> these populations are affected,<br />

mainly, by environmental fluctuations that <strong>de</strong>termine population size. An<br />

important factor that could influence ro<strong>de</strong>nt population size is the<br />

interrelation predator–prey, as well as environmental perturbation [2].<br />

Here we propose a theoretical continuous time mo<strong>de</strong>l based upon<br />

another mo<strong>de</strong>l constructed in [4], following Getz suggestions [1]. We are<br />

not consi<strong>de</strong>ring age or sex. Structure, variables and parameters are <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>terministic nature.<br />

An important aspect to be consi<strong>de</strong>red is the vulnerability <strong>of</strong> prey as<br />

function <strong>of</strong> predator presence in the environment hence we try to evaluate<br />

its ten<strong>de</strong>ncy for increasing or <strong>de</strong>creasing the stability <strong>of</strong> the system.<br />

The mo<strong>de</strong>l is constructed using the available information about the<br />

en<strong>de</strong>mic ro<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>of</strong> the central-northern region in Chile. This ro<strong>de</strong>nt is called<br />

leaf eared mouse (Phillotis darwini) and its specialist predator is the barn<br />

owl (Tyto alba) [2, 3].

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