samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
leqcia 2<br />
<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>sazogadoeba</strong> saxelmwifosTan mimarTebaSi: cnebis<br />
evolucia istoriaSi<br />
<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> sazogadoebis cneba axali ar aris, magram man droTa ganmavlobaSi<br />
ramdenjerme Seicvala mniSvneloba. cnebis evoluciis istoriis gacnoba sasargeblo<br />
iqneba mis dRevandel SinaarsSi ukeT garkvevisTvis.<br />
<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> sazogadoebis cnebas anda ideas, Zvel berZnul civilizaciaSi, an<br />
Tundac ganmanaTleblobis epoqaSi, dRevandelTan SedarebiT bevrad ufro farTo<br />
Sinaarsobrivi datvirTva hqonda. am ganxilvisas Cven mivyvebiT dominok kolas<br />
`politikuri sociologiis~ saxelmZRvanelos.<br />
aristotelesTvis <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>sazogadoeba</strong> igive iyo, rac `politikuri erToba~.<br />
is, rasac aristotele uwodebs Polis (qalaqi-saxelmwifo) da rasac warmoadgenda aTeni<br />
Zv. w. V saukuneSi, berZeni filosofosisaTvis iyo imavdroulad `politikuri erToba",<br />
an `politikuri <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>~, anda `<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>". aristoteles mixedviT,<br />
adamiani aris politikuri cxoveli ("zoon politikon"), vinaidan mas SeuZlia icxovros<br />
<strong>samoqalaqo</strong>, anu politikur <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>Si; is aris moqalaqe, an, ufro sworad,<br />
misTvis damaxasiaTebelia organizebuli politikuri erTobliobis wevroba,<br />
saxelmwifos (anu qalaqi-saxelmwifos) wevroba, romelic Sedgenilia moqalaqeebisagan.<br />
rasakvirvelia, aristoteles drois yvela adamiani ar cxovrobda politikur<br />
erTobaSi, <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>Si, qalaqSi anu saxelmwifoSi; arsebobdnen<br />
barbarosebi, romlebic erTiandebodnen eTnosebis (xalxebis) saxiT. magram maTi<br />
TviTorganizebis es <strong>for</strong>ma polisTan SedarebiT ufro dabal doneze iyo da ar<br />
atarebda `politikuri erTobis~ niSnebs. magram adamiani sxva cocxali arsebebisgan<br />
gansxvavdeba Tavisi bunebiT, im TaviseburebiT, rom adamiani aris politikuri cxoveli<br />
anu aqvs unari icxovros politikuri sazogadoebis saxiT.<br />
aristotelesTvis <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>, qalaqi, nebismieri sxva saxis<br />
asociaciaze maRla dgas, vinaidan moicavs yvela sxva asociacias (ojaxi, saZmo, samuSao<br />
jgufi) da isaxavs ara gansakuTrebul, kerZo, aramed yvelasaTvis saerTo mizans.<br />
<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> sazogadoebis mizani aris yvelas interesi da es mizani maRla dgas yvela<br />
danarCen mizanTan SedarebiT. amasTan qalaqi, <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>sazogadoeba</strong> aris is adgili,<br />
sadac xdeba samarTlianobis gamijvna usamarTlobisgan. amgvarad, swored aq<br />
warmoCindeba adamiani yvelaze didi simaRliT.<br />
dawyebuli aristoteledan da damTavrebuli rusoTi, es ori termini, romelic dRes<br />
esoden xSiradaa dapirispirebuli - `saxelmwifo~ da `<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>~ -<br />
didxans sinonimebs warmoadgendnen, sanam ar moxdeboda am cnebebis daSoriSoreba.<br />
Tumca, Tanamedrove epoqamde `saxelmwifosac~ dRevandelisgan sakmaod<br />
daSorebuli mniSvneloba gaaCnda. saxelmwifo, misi Tanamedrove, universalisturi<br />
gagebiT, anu eri-saxelmwifo, samarTlebrivi saxelmwifo, ekonomikisgan da<br />
religiisgan calke mdgomi instituti, kacobriobis istoriis SedarebiT gviandeli<br />
epoqis produqtia. mxolod re<strong>for</strong>maciis periodSi xdeba legitimuri saxelmwifo,<br />
romelic gamoyofilia eklesiisgan, rac SemdgomSi <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> sazogadoebis<br />
ideologiuri pluralizmis damkvidrebis sawindari gaxda. netari avgustinesTvis<br />
amqveyniuri <strong>sazogadoeba</strong> upirispirdeba RvTis qalaqs. gamomdinare iqidan, rom<br />
13
Change language