samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
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(gv.376) da es aris sazogadoebrivi azrisa da politikur Tavisuflebis Sinagani<br />
kavSiri, romelic amarcxebs Tanasworobis naklovanebebs Tavisuflebis ZaliT.<br />
tokvilis nawerebSi Tanasworoba, amdenad, ufro ukavSirdeba sazogadoebis<br />
modernizacias, da ara mis demokratizacias am sityvis Tanamedrove gagebiT. tokvilis<br />
demokratia, anu Tanasworoba (egalitaruli <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>) SeiZleba iyos rogorc<br />
liberaluri, aseve totalitaruli. es brwyinvale ganWvretaa im momavlisa, romelic<br />
tokvilis Semdgom saukunes iCens Tavs: modernizaciam, cxovrebis pirobebis<br />
TanasworobasTan erTad, moitana ori tipis `demokratiebis~ warmoqmna — dasavluri,<br />
liberaluri da sabWouri totalitaruli (aseve faSisturi germania). es dapirispireba<br />
liberalur da araliberalur demokratiebs Soris dResac aris aqtualuri, vinaidan<br />
ukavSirdeba demokratizacias iseT sazogadoebebSi, romlebic Tavisi struqturiT<br />
aranairad ar arian demokratiulebi, an iseT sazogadoebebSi, romlebic, piriqiT,<br />
demokratiulia, magram Tavisuflebis tradicia ara aqvs.<br />
oRond aq ar unda davuSvaT terminologiuri Secdoma. Tanasworoba tokvilTan<br />
upirispirdeba Tavisuflebas, romelsac sayovelTao xmis ufleba da sayovelTao<br />
politikuri uflebebi uzrunvelyofen. anu sayovelTao arCevnebi demokratiis<br />
nawilad ki ar ganixileba, aramed mis liberalur komponentad. niSnavs Tu ara es, rom<br />
`saarCevni demokratiebi~ (`minimaluri~, `araliberaluri~ demokratiebi) ukve<br />
Tavisufalia tikviliseuli terminologiiT?<br />
rac Seexeba sabWoTa totalitarul reJims, romelSiac pirovneba sruliad<br />
damonebuli iyo umravlesobis mier, misi am niSniT Sedarebisas liberalur<br />
demokratiasTan tikviliseuli terminologiis gamoyeneba savsebiT SesaZlebelia. rac<br />
Seexeba `minimalur demokratiebs~, sadac tardeba sayovelTao arCevnebi, xom ar arian<br />
isini swored `Tavisufali~ tokvilis gagebiT?<br />
postsabWoTa sivrce waagavs tokviliseul demokratiul <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>s<br />
modernizirebulobis doniT, ris gamoc mas aristokratiuli sazogadoebis niSnebi<br />
aRara aqvs. amis garda, marTalia, masSi sayovelTao arCevnebic tardeba, magram unda<br />
gaviTvaliswinoT, rom tokvili ar asaxelebs uSualod arCevnebs rogorc<br />
Tavisuflebis pirobas. is ambobs, rom Tavisuflebis sawindaria moqalaqeTa<br />
monawileoba mmarTvelobaSi, mudmivi CarTuloba, <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> da politikuri aqtioba<br />
da gaerTianebis unari. es ki, Tavis mxriv, arsebobs maSin, rodesac arsebobs<br />
xelisuflebis arCeviToba. anu <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> (da politikuri) sazogadoebebia<br />
Tavisuflebis sawindari, da ara uSualod arCevnebi. Tuki arCevnebi tardeba, magram<br />
mosaxleoba atomizirebulia da pasiuri (rogorc es postsabWoTa sivrceSi xdeba),<br />
xelisufleba iseve advilad daamyarebs batonobas TiToeulze, rogorc arCevnebis<br />
ararsebobis pirobebSi.<br />
amdenad, `socialuri kapitali~, romelzedac laparakobs patnemi, icavs<br />
amerikelebs umravlesobis tiraniisgan, tokvilis mixedviT. socialuri kapitalis<br />
ararseboba axal demokratiebSi saSiSia, vinaidan umravlesobis batonobas xdis<br />
despoturs da tiraniuls.<br />
literatura:<br />
Алексис де Токвиль, Демократия в Америке, gv. (rusuli gamocemis mixedviT) 158-159,<br />
177-178, 190-203, 222-228, 322-324, 371-388<br />
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