samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
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leqcia 8<br />
habermasi: sajaro sivrcis struqturuli trans<strong>for</strong>macia<br />
Tanamedroveobis yvelaze gavleniani filosofosis, iurgen habermasis adreuli<br />
naSromi `sajaro sivrcis (sferos) struqturuli trans<strong>for</strong>macia~ gamoqveynda 1962<br />
wels germanul enaze, da miuxedavad misi gavlenianobisa germanul Teoriul<br />
diskursSi, inglisurad iTargmena SedarebiT gvian, 1989 wels. es naSromi, romelic<br />
sajaro diskursebs swavlobs (public discources) win uswrebs `<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> sazogadoebis”<br />
cnebis aqtualizebas da reabilitacias XX saukunis bolo wlebSi da bevr disciplinasa<br />
da codnis sferos aerTianebs. miuxedavad imisa, rom Seswavlis sfero<br />
interdisciplinarulia, da masSi Rrmad garkveva moiTxovs safuZvlian codnas<br />
rogorc minimum ramdenime gansxvavebul sferoSi, misi meTodi avtoris mier<br />
ganisazRvreba rogorc istoriuli da sociologiuri. avtori iyenebs istoriul<br />
meTods, romliTac is Seiswavlis socialuri struqturebis trans<strong>for</strong>macias bolo<br />
saukuneebis inglisSi, safrangeTsa da germaniaSi. garda socialuri struqturebisa, is<br />
aseve istoriul perspeqtivaSi ganixilavs Teoriul refleqsiebs am struqturebis<br />
Sesaxeb - kantidan jon stiuart milamde.<br />
habermasi, frankfurtis neomarqsisruli skolis erT-erTi yvelaze cnobili<br />
warmomadgeneli, Tavis analizSi garkveulwilad aerTianebs empiriul kvlevas da<br />
ideologiur kritikas, normatiul Sefasebebs da faqtobriv msjelobebs, is swavlobs<br />
erTdroulad realur istoriasac da normatiul idealebs. mkiTxveli yuradRebiT<br />
unda iyos im mxriv, rom, Tavad avtoris aRiarebiT, man xSirad ver ganasxvava idealuri<br />
(idealizebuli) modeli burJuaziuli (liberaluri) sajaro sivrcisa da misi realuri<br />
istoriuli sawyisebi (empiriuli <strong>for</strong>mebi).<br />
misi interesis sagani pirvel rigSi demokratia, demokratiis Teoriaa. `me kvlavac<br />
vaRiareb im midgomas, romelic safuZvlad daedo am kvlevas`— ambobs habermasi 1989<br />
wels — `masobrivi demokratiebi, romlebic Camoyalibda sayovelTao keTildReobis<br />
saxelmwifoebis <strong>for</strong>miT, . . . mxolod im SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba acxadebdes pretenzias<br />
rom emyareba liberaluri konstituciuri saxelmwifos principebis aRiarebas, Tuki is<br />
seriozulad cdilobs icxovros im standartebis mixedviT, romlebsac qmnis sajaro<br />
sivrce, romelic asrulebs politikur funqciebs~ (gv. 441, Habermas and the Public Sphere,<br />
MIT Press, 1992). mas ainteresebda, Tu ramdenad SesaZlebelia, rom `<strong>sazogadoeba</strong>m. . .<br />
Seqmnas sajaro komunikaciis kritikuli procesi im organizaciebis meSveobiT,<br />
romlebic mis mediacias ewevian~ (ST, p.332 — iqve). kritika, romelic naSromma Riad<br />
datova, da romelsac, SeiZleba iTqvas, mieZRvna habermasis mTeli momdevno saqmianoba,<br />
mdgomareobs SemdegSi: `konkretuli interesebis gadauWreli mravalferovneba . . .<br />
badebs eWvs, rom SeuZlebeli iyos warmoiqmnas iseTi zogadi interesi, romelsac<br />
sazogadoebrivma azrma SeiZleba mimarTos rogorc kriteriums (ST, 234).<br />
`burJuaziuli sajaro sivrce~, romelsac swavlobs naSromi, aris istoriuli,<br />
socialuri, da amave dros, normatiuli warmonaqmni (kategoria). is ganixileba rogorc<br />
mocemuli epoqisTvis da adgilisTvis damaxasiaTebeli kategoria, evropuli Sua<br />
saukuneebis istoriidan warmoqmnili unikaluri movlena. am mxriv igi istoriuli<br />
kategoriaa.<br />
termini, romelsac Cven aq viyenebT, `sajaro sivrce~ (sfero) moiTxovs garkveul<br />
ganmartebas. `Public~ SeiZleba niSnavdes sajarosac da sazogadoebrivsac. am terminis<br />
gamoyeneba am or cnebas Soris garkveuli tolobis niSans svams, gansakuTrebiT mis<br />
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