samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
samoqalaqo sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
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sferoebs exeba. magram rac Seexeba maRali, sakanonmdeblo donis sakiTxebs, aq<br />
gadawyvetilebebis legitimacia ekuTvnis uklebliv yvelas, da ara umravlesobas, da<br />
ara yvelas nebas. es sayovelTao neba unda moicavdes umciresobebsac da TiToeul<br />
adamiansac, da mxolod am SemTxvevaSi <strong>for</strong>mirdeba is, rasac is volontй gйnйrale-s uwodebs.<br />
rusos es midgoma kargad Cans, agreTve, mis msjelobaSi religiis Sesaxeb. religia,<br />
rusos mixedviT, SeiZleba iyos orgvari. Sesabamisad, is sxvadasxva rols SeiZleba<br />
asrulebdes socialuri kontraqtis <strong>for</strong>mirebaSi. erT SemTxvevaSi religia SeiZleba<br />
iyos <strong>samoqalaqo</strong>, kerZo sferos nawili, da am mxriv universalisturi da xelSemwyobi<br />
respublikis arsebobisTvis. meore SemTxvevaSi; is xdeba sajaro sferos<br />
ma<strong>for</strong>mirebeli, da, amdenad, partikularistuli, anu ayalibebs im urTierTobebs,<br />
romlebic mxolod mocemuli sazogadoebisTvis, mocemuli droisTvis aris<br />
damaxasiaTebeli.<br />
anu rusoseuli morali, marTalia, sazogadoebrivi sferos arealSi iqmneba, magram<br />
iqmneba TviT moqalaqeebis mier, da ara arsebobs maTi kontrolis miRma, rogorc es<br />
SeiZleba totalitarul sazogadoebebSi xdebodes.<br />
adam smiti da sxva warmomadgenlebi e.w. `<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> sazogadoebis” tradiciisa,<br />
gansxvavebiT rusosgan, arian dainteresebuli ara imdenad erToblivi nebis<br />
<strong>for</strong>mirebiT, da amgvarad, sazogadoebrivi sferos warmoqmniT, aramed adamianTa Soris<br />
urTierTobaTa regulirebiT rRvevadi socialuri wesrigis fonze (sabazro<br />
meqanizmebis gavlena). maTi interesia im sivrcis <strong>for</strong>mireba, sadac SesaZlebelia axali,<br />
arameqanikuri solidaroba adamianebs Soris. anu, rusos ar ainteresebs ubralod,<br />
intersubieqturi urTierTobebis problema, romelsac is politikuri sferos gareT<br />
tovebs. smits, misgan gansxvavebiT, naklebad ainteresebs mimarTeba saxelmwifosTan,<br />
da ufro — harmoniuli sazogadoebis <strong>for</strong>mirebis idea maSin, rodesac kapitalizmis<br />
gavleniT <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>m TiTqos atomizacia SeiZleba ganicados.<br />
didi xnis ganmavlobaSi adam smitis Teoria da; zogadad, sabazro ekonomika mxolod<br />
erTi Tvalsawieridan ganixileboda — rogorc racionaluri instrumentuli qmedebis<br />
sabazro urTierTobebis <strong>for</strong>mirebis Teoria, romelsac araferi aqvs saerTo moralisa<br />
da zneobis sakiTxebTan. anu bazari — es aris racionaluri moqmedebis sfero, sadac<br />
individualisturi midgomebi batonobs, da araferia darCenili adamianTa<br />
solidarobis da urTierTmimarTebis sferodan. bolo wlebSi xdeba am midgomis<br />
gadasinjva. nel-nela cxadi xdeba, rom sabazro ekonomika aris metad mtkice zneobriv<br />
normebze damyarebuli wesrigi, da am normebis gareSe is ver iarsebebs. anu is ar aris<br />
ekonomikuri mimocvlis erTaderTi abstragirebuli da racionaluri wesi. magaliTad,<br />
mafiozuri da klanuri sistema aseve abstraqtulia da racionaluri, magram is<br />
urTierTobaTa sul sxva models eyrdnoba. universalisturi eTika, romelic smitisa<br />
da fergiusonis adamianTaSorisi urTierTobebis safuZvelSi devs, qmnis im <strong>samoqalaqo</strong><br />
sazogadoebebs, romlebic liberalur individualistur tradicias Seefereba.<br />
Tuki rusosTvis saerTo nebis wyaros `yvela” warmoadgenda, smitisTvis am wyaros<br />
warmoadgens `erTi” — miukerZoebeli, ganze mdgomi damkvirvebeli, romelic<br />
aRWurvilia sakuTari, Sinagani sindisis safuZvleze gansjis unariT. amdenad,<br />
legitimacia xdeba damokidebuli individebis, erTeulebis mier imis aRqmaze, Tu ra<br />
aris samarTliani.<br />
aq Cndeba saTnoebis, socialuri Tanaziarebis da saerTo sikeTis modeli, romelic<br />
metad gansxvavebulia im sxvadasxvagvari moazrovneebis modelebisgan, visac Cven<br />
moqalaqeobrivi Rirsebis tradicias mivakuTvnebT. am tradiciaSi sazogadoebrivi<br />
sikeTe aRemateba yvela kerZo interess da sabolood efuZneba kerZo interesis<br />
daZlevas saerTo sazrunavis sasargeblod. es ar aris ubralod moqalaqeobrivi<br />
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