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student teachers)
o Comenius 2.2 – individual training grants
• Comenius 3 – Networks
Under Comenius 1 – school cooperations – three different types of projects might be carried
out: School Projects, Language Projects, School Development Projects.
Main charateristics of Comenius 1 projects:
• Comenius 1 projects are international cooperations. It means that the overall objective
of the projects has to be reached by a series of activities of the partner institutions
that are built upon each other, presupposing each other.
• Jointly chosen themes, a topic of mutual interest
• Continuous communication – communication should be carefully planned, regular
and smooth
• Endproduct – endproducts, outcomes (webpage, exhibition, musical/theatre play,
book, teaching material…) are very important, but the really important thing is that
the whole process (brainstorming, partnerfinding, planning, managing, administrating
the project work as well as realizing the proffessional content and carrying out of a
project with partners from other countries) and the experiences should be integrated
into the daily, everyday routine of the school.
Further info on Comenius 1 school partnerships:
Comenius 1 Handbook for Schools - http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/programmes/
socrates/comenius/tools_en.html
Comenius 2.1 institutional projects work on improving the training of teachers by creating,
delivering, testing, adapting, disseminating training courses, methods, and materials.
It was in 1998 that Hungarian institutions could apply in this action for the first time. Since
than, in the last 6 -7 years, there have been about 100 projects realized with Hungarian participation.
The most popular reasearch fields of these projects were: improving the quality of
the training of (pre-)primary school teachers, early language teaching, teaching of sciences,
environmental education, European citizenship, ICT in education, interculturality – fighting
against racism, xenophobia, and helping the social inclusion of Gipsy children.
In the first years higher educational institutions were over represented among the Hungarian
applicants but today we have quite a few applications submitted by NGOs, research centres,
pedagogical institutions, schools, museums….
Comenius 3- Networks encourages the networking of other Socrates, Comenius projects with
the aim of promoting innovations in school educaion in different thematic fields. Comenius
3 is a fairly new action, it was launched in 2000, in the 2nd phase of the Socrates programme.
We had 15 Comenius 3 projects with Hungarian participation between 2000 and 2005.
• Transnational cooperation,
• Intercultural dimension (partners from different countries with different backgrounds,
different work styles → flexibility is required),