SIERRA LEONE maq 4ª.indd - agrilife - Europa

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6 Survey Results 122 Figure 65. Farm viability per farm type for Northern region based on Peasant Farming Approach NB: FT1 = rice only; FT2 = rice & other food; FT3 = rice & other food & tree for subsistence; FT4 = rice & tree for subsistence; FT5 = other tree for subsistence farms. Figure 66. Farm viability per farm type for Eastern region based on Peasant Farming Approach NB: FT6 = rice & tree for cash; FT7 = rice & other food & tree for cash and FT8 = only cash tree farms than those that are producing additionally other food crops (FT7). However, there is a group of farms that specialise only on tree cash crops, which produce higher revenues per acre per household working unit than the not only cash crop oriented farms (FT8). Poverty level of smallholders In this sub-section, the proportion and type of farm households that fall below the Full and Extreme (Food) Poverty Lines (0.44 and 0.89 per day, respectively) are quantified and described.
Table 32. Percentage of farms per region above and below the poverty lines with Peasant Farming Approach (PF) – based on Farm Net Income (FNI) of smallholders Poverty level FNI-PF/hhUnit (% of farms) Northern region Eastern region Total Above Full Poverty Line 0.2 23.5 8.1 Above Extreme and Below Full Poverty Line 1.2 36.8 13.2 Below Extreme Poverty Line 98.5 39.7 78.7 Negative Farm Net Income 13.5 1.5 9.4 Figure 67. The proportion of the farms above and below the poverty lines with Peasant Farming Approach – based on Farm Net Income (FNI) of smallholders NB: FPL: Full Poverty Line – EPL: Extreme (Food) Poverty Line. For this purpose, annual FNI per household unit is used to compare against the defined Full Poverty Line and Extreme (Food) Poverty Line (see Chapter 5.2.1). Once again, it is crucial to underline that the analysis is conducted on the basis of farm households’ observed agricultural income as off-farm activities were not entirely captured in the survey. In the present analysis, results are presented for the Peasant Farming income calculation approach since in the Neoclassical approach the estimated farm net income accounts for labour costs which did not really imply a deduction beyond time engagement. As previously stated, if a Neoclassical approach income measurement is used, the concrete situation of the farm household in the context of the village is not adequately accounted for, while under Peasant Farming approach substantial part of input costs are actually covered by existing networks at the village/chiefdom level (i.e. labour). In other words, the comparison of poverty lines with respect to the NA income calculation would bring about biased results which overestimate the inability of farm households to fulfil their basic needs. Table 32 presents the proportion of farms above and below the full poverty line (1324 670 Leones) and Extreme (Food) Poverty Line (648 079 Leones), Figure 67 illustrates the positioning of all sample observations for Northern and Eastern regions under the Peasant Farming income measurement procedures, respectively. Figure 68 summarises results for all observations. Rural poverty reduction and food security: The case of smallholders in Sierra Leone 123
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Rural poverty reduction and food se
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Table of Contents Acknowledgments 2
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7 Conclusions 157 7.1 Surveyed Smal
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Table 31. Different output values a
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Figure 34. Local participation in t
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Figure 96. Change in income as a re
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Executive Summary Agriculture is es
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attention needs to be paid to the i
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1 Introduction 18 Box 1: Food Secur
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2 Description of the Context in Sie
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Figure 2. Structure of the populati
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Diseases such as malaria and tuberc
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to energy supplies 8 , a low-skille
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Figure 4. Composition of exports fr
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3 The Agricultural Sector 32 agrari
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3 The Agricultural Sector 34 Figure
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3 The Agricultural Sector 38 3.1.2
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3 The Agricultural Sector 40 scale
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3 The Agricultural Sector 42 absorb
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3 The Agricultural Sector 46 availa
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3 The Agricultural Sector 48 and in
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3 The Agricultural Sector 50 origin
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3 The Agricultural Sector 52 The us
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3 The Agricultural Sector 54 crops
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3 The Agricultural Sector 56 • Se
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3 The Agricultural Sector 58 severe
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3 The Agricultural Sector 62 Table
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3 The Agricultural Sector 64 Table
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3 The Agricultural Sector 66 post-h
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4 EU Support Programmes for Rice an
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4 EU Support Programmes for Rice an
Page 75 and 76: 5 Survey Methodology In this sectio
Page 77 and 78: sampling techniques were employed t
Page 79 and 80: up an agrarian system. The househol
Page 81 and 82: Farm Net Income per working unit: D
Page 83 and 84: price, which is higher than the mar
Page 85 and 86: stock or exchanges at the village l
Page 87 and 88: = 0.72) for non-food requirements.
Page 89 and 90: 6 Survey Results This section addre
Page 91 and 92: 6.1.2 Main activities and income so
Page 93 and 94: Figure 24. Average acreage under cu
Page 95 and 96: Table 24. Resources of smallholders
Page 97 and 98: Figure 30. Total acre per household
Page 99 and 100: harvesting period (Sesay et al., 20
Page 101 and 102: Figure 34. Local participation in t
Page 103 and 104: improved management strategies at p
Page 105 and 106: Figure 41. Crop mix categories in t
Page 107 and 108: when analysing the smallholder viab
Page 109 and 110: Table 27. Economic results of the s
Page 111 and 112: Table 29. Economic results of the s
Page 113 and 114: Figure 47. Farm Net Income for an a
Page 115 and 116: hired labour costs for self-subsist
Page 117 and 118: Figure 52. Output value of rice per
Page 119 and 120: Figure 57. Distribution of tree cro
Page 121 and 122: Figure 60. Farm viability of smallh
Page 123: Figure 63. Farm viability per farm
Page 127 and 128: Figure 69. Poverty level per farm t
Page 129 and 130: Figure 72. Cocoa and coffee output
Page 131 and 132: Figure 76. Total labour productivit
Page 133 and 134: Figure 80. Labour productivity per
Page 135 and 136: Figure 83. Labour productivity per
Page 137 and 138: 6.4 Evaluation of the influence of
Page 139 and 140: Table 33. Evaluation Matrix for Sup
Page 141 and 142: Figure 87. Adequacy of support prov
Page 143 and 144: Figure 91. Adequacy of support prov
Page 145 and 146: Figure 95. Change in income as a re
Page 147 and 148: Figure 97. Impact of support on dif
Page 149 and 150: Figure 100. Expected sustainability
Page 151 and 152: Figure 103. Average farm net income
Page 153 and 154: Figure 107. Cultivated area of non-
Page 155 and 156: Figure 111. Revelance of income sou
Page 157: Figure 115. Number of tractors hire
Page 160 and 161: 7 Conclusions 158 Table 34. Basic C
Page 162 and 163: 7 Conclusions 160 Under the Peasant
Page 164 and 165: 7 Conclusions 162 In the Eastern di
Page 166 and 167: 7 Conclusions 164 may actually bene
Page 168 and 169: 7 Conclusions 166 determining the d
Page 170 and 171: 8 References 168 Crowley, E.L. (199
Page 172 and 173: 8 References 170 GoSL and EC Govern
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8 References 172 Moreau P., F. Mabo
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8 References 174 van Wesenbeeck C.F
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9 Appendices 176 HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAP
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9 Appendices 178 COMMUNITY LEADERSH
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9 Appendices 180 Planting materials
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9 Appendices 182 Could you explain
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9 Appendices 184 Externality Please
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9 Appendices 186 Infrastructure/com
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9 Appendices 188 LABOUR INPUT- FOOD
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9 Appendices 190 OTHER INPUTS QUANT
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9 Appendices 192 YIELD LOSSES Now w
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9 Appendices 194 Figure: % of farms
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9 Appendices 196 Figure: Average fa
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9 Appendices 198 Labour productivit
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9 Appendices 200 Labour productivit
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9 Appendices 202
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SIERRA LEONE maq 4ª.indd - agrilife - Europa

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