SIERRA LEONE maq 4ª.indd - agrilife - Europa

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4 EU Support Programmes for Rice and Tree Crop Production (STABEX) 68 4.1 Objectives of the STABEX funded programmes and priority issues The main objective of the STABEX funded programmes in Sierra Leone between 2007 and 2009 has been to increase rural incomes and improve the livelihood of smallholders through improved production and marketing of basic food commodities (rice) and export commodities (cocoa and coffee) (National Authorising Office, 2007). Two separate implementing agencies were selected. Action Aid addressed rice cultivation in the Northern districts of Bombali and Tonkolili, while the The Deutsche Welthungerhilfe worked in the Eastern districts of Kenema, Kailahun and Kono supporting cash crop production in the area. Each implementing agency operated through local farmer organisations. Next the specific activities undertaken in the rice and tree crop sectors are further analyzed. 4.1.1 Support to food crop production: rice As mentioned, the support was focussed on rice production and marketing in the two Northern districts of Bombali and Tonkolili, and included targeted support to rice production, processing and marketing, including the strengthening of farmers associations and of local extension services. The project was entrusted to Action Aid International - Sierra Leone. The project worked with 9500 farmers (and a budget close to 2.5 million Euros) on enhancing the livelihood of farming households through increased rice productivity and postharvest activities (ActionAid, 2009). These 9500 farm households represent approximately 2.4% of the existing farm households in Sierra Leone (approximately 400 000 farm households according to Jalloh, 2006). The following objectives and activities were addressed: • Increasing rice production by: - organising training for MAFFS and farmer groups - organising plot demonstrations/ - multiplication training distributing recovered seeds for 2009 planting • Decreasing post harvest losses and improving post harvest processing by: - organising training on the operation of rice mills - rehabilitating and constructing drying facilities and store rooms - establishing a quality control scheme • Increasing the quantity of high grade products for export and improving the marketing of rice by: - rehabilitating feeder roads with the construction of culverts - rehabilitating centres and building market • Improving the collection and dissemination of market-related information by: - monitoring rice market dynamics - conducting a study on the dynamics of the marketing of rice /rice marketing dynamics - transferring rice market data to farmers • Strengthening rice farmer associations by: - providing assistance, carrying out feasibility studies and setting up - business plans organising farmer exchange visits to other rice projects in Sierra Leone and other relevant countries - organising farmer association meetings 4.1.2 Support to cash crop production: cocoa and coffee The objectives were to raise the income and to improve the overall well-being of farming households through increased production and enhanced marketing of cocoa and coffee in the districts of Kenema, Kailahun and Kono (Eastern region of the country). Considering the
international market situation with high demand for the commodity, priority was placed on support to cocoa production. The project was implemented by the German NGO Welthungerhilfe (Welthungerhilfe, 2007).The project worked with 3500 farmers or 0.9% of the farm households of Sierra Leone (and a budget of 1.8 million Euros). The following objectives and activities were addressed: • Increasing the production of cocoa and coffee by: - training staff and farmers in Farmer Field Schools - supporting the rehabilitation of plantations together with the MAFFS - promoting agro-forestry ecologically sustainable • Improving cocoa and coffee quality by: - training staff and farmers - installing facilities for fermentation, drying and storage - establishing a quality control system - testing of quality Robusta coffee - developing a cocoa growing manual • Improving the marketing of cocoa and coffee by - obtaining organic and fair trade - certification undertaking a market study - providing transport and improving - feeder roads assisting farmers in local marketing and associations in export, and - promoting Sierra Leone products (internationally) • Strengthening farmer associations by: - promoting self-help initiatives (e.g. - formation of new associations/cooperatives or farmer groups, exchange visits) Integration of institutions at the village, ward and district levels. Support to fair trade requirements • Creating an enabling environment for private sector investment by: - assisting associations/cooperatives to access credit - motivating exporters to invest in profitable, high quality exports 4.2 Initial Achievements of STABEX programmes In this section we briefly summarize the attainments of the STABEX programme, as reported in project monitoring documents. In the following sub-sections project outcomes are described and evaluated according to data gathered directly from beneficiaries via face-toface interviews (Action Aid, 2009). 4.2.1 Rice According to the report (Action Aid, 2009), all project activities have been completed and the following achievements were highlighted as key events: • Three quarters of targeted farmers had access to improved rice seed and almost all of them increased their farm land area by 50%. Almost all targeted farmers increased their rice production despite no access to fertilizers. • In the two districts, five large community storage facilities have been constructed or rehabilitated to improve harvest preservation. Rice haulers, 18 drying floors, tarpaulins and threshers with winnowers have been provided to improve the quality of post-harvest rice produce. Three quarters of targeted farmers have thus realised an increase in the quality and grade of their rice. • One hundred km of feeder roads and 6 major culverts have been rehabilitated and constructed to improve access to major Rural poverty reduction and food security: The case of smallholders in Sierra Leone 69
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Rural poverty reduction and food se
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Table of Contents Acknowledgments 2
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7 Conclusions 157 7.1 Surveyed Smal
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Table 31. Different output values a
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Figure 34. Local participation in t
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Figure 96. Change in income as a re
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Executive Summary Agriculture is es
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attention needs to be paid to the i
Page 20 and 21: 1 Introduction 18 Box 1: Food Secur
Page 23 and 24: 2 Description of the Context in Sie
Page 25 and 26: Figure 2. Structure of the populati
Page 27 and 28: Diseases such as malaria and tuberc
Page 29 and 30: to energy supplies 8 , a low-skille
Page 31: Figure 4. Composition of exports fr
Page 34 and 35: 3 The Agricultural Sector 32 agrari
Page 36 and 37: 3 The Agricultural Sector 34 Figure
Page 40 and 41: 3 The Agricultural Sector 38 3.1.2
Page 42 and 43: 3 The Agricultural Sector 40 scale
Page 44 and 45: 3 The Agricultural Sector 42 absorb
Page 48 and 49: 3 The Agricultural Sector 46 availa
Page 50 and 51: 3 The Agricultural Sector 48 and in
Page 52 and 53: 3 The Agricultural Sector 50 origin
Page 54 and 55: 3 The Agricultural Sector 52 The us
Page 56 and 57: 3 The Agricultural Sector 54 crops
Page 58 and 59: 3 The Agricultural Sector 56 • Se
Page 60 and 61: 3 The Agricultural Sector 58 severe
Page 64 and 65: 3 The Agricultural Sector 62 Table
Page 66 and 67: 3 The Agricultural Sector 64 Table
Page 68 and 69: 3 The Agricultural Sector 66 post-h
Page 72 and 73: 4 EU Support Programmes for Rice an
Page 75 and 76: 5 Survey Methodology In this sectio
Page 77 and 78: sampling techniques were employed t
Page 79 and 80: up an agrarian system. The househol
Page 81 and 82: Farm Net Income per working unit: D
Page 83 and 84: price, which is higher than the mar
Page 85 and 86: stock or exchanges at the village l
Page 87 and 88: = 0.72) for non-food requirements.
Page 89 and 90: 6 Survey Results This section addre
Page 91 and 92: 6.1.2 Main activities and income so
Page 93 and 94: Figure 24. Average acreage under cu
Page 95 and 96: Table 24. Resources of smallholders
Page 97 and 98: Figure 30. Total acre per household
Page 99 and 100: harvesting period (Sesay et al., 20
Page 101 and 102: Figure 34. Local participation in t
Page 103 and 104: improved management strategies at p
Page 105 and 106: Figure 41. Crop mix categories in t
Page 107 and 108: when analysing the smallholder viab
Page 109 and 110: Table 27. Economic results of the s
Page 111 and 112: Table 29. Economic results of the s
Page 113 and 114: Figure 47. Farm Net Income for an a
Page 115 and 116: hired labour costs for self-subsist
Page 117 and 118: Figure 52. Output value of rice per
Page 119 and 120: Figure 57. Distribution of tree cro
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Figure 60. Farm viability of smallh
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Figure 63. Farm viability per farm
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Table 32. Percentage of farms per r
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Figure 69. Poverty level per farm t
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Figure 72. Cocoa and coffee output
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Figure 76. Total labour productivit
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Figure 80. Labour productivity per
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Figure 83. Labour productivity per
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6.4 Evaluation of the influence of
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Table 33. Evaluation Matrix for Sup
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Figure 87. Adequacy of support prov
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Figure 91. Adequacy of support prov
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Figure 95. Change in income as a re
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Figure 97. Impact of support on dif
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Figure 100. Expected sustainability
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Figure 103. Average farm net income
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Figure 107. Cultivated area of non-
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Figure 111. Revelance of income sou
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Figure 115. Number of tractors hire
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7 Conclusions 158 Table 34. Basic C
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7 Conclusions 160 Under the Peasant
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7 Conclusions 162 In the Eastern di
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7 Conclusions 164 may actually bene
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7 Conclusions 166 determining the d
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8 References 168 Crowley, E.L. (199
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8 References 170 GoSL and EC Govern
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8 References 172 Moreau P., F. Mabo
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8 References 174 van Wesenbeeck C.F
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9 Appendices 176 HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAP
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9 Appendices 178 COMMUNITY LEADERSH
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9 Appendices 180 Planting materials
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9 Appendices 182 Could you explain
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9 Appendices 184 Externality Please
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9 Appendices 186 Infrastructure/com
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9 Appendices 188 LABOUR INPUT- FOOD
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9 Appendices 190 OTHER INPUTS QUANT
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9 Appendices 192 YIELD LOSSES Now w
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9 Appendices 194 Figure: % of farms
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9 Appendices 196 Figure: Average fa
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9 Appendices 198 Labour productivit
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9 Appendices 200 Labour productivit
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9 Appendices 202
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SIERRA LEONE maq 4ª.indd - agrilife - Europa

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