SIERRA LEONE maq 4ª.indd - agrilife - Europa

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3 The Agricultural Sector 60 Figure 17. Average consumption of fertilizers (kg per hectare) NB: Fertilizer Consumption (Nitrogen, Potash and Phosphate) in kg / Number of hectares of arable land and permanent crops. Source: FAOSTAT (2011). farmers have to go into Freetown to buy imported agrochemicals. Figure 17 illustrates the low fertilizer consumption level per hectare in Sierra Leone in comparison with selected countries in West Africa for the year 2002 shortly after the civil conflict ended. Under this scenario, Sierra Leone portrayed the lowest level. Seeds and planting materials are the most important input for most farmers, and discussions show that the unavailability of planting materials at the right time is the single most frequent complaint that farmers have (Sesay et al, 2004). The seed market in Sierra Leone comprises of a formal and non-formal sector. There are several supply channels identified in the 2003/04 Sierra Leone Household Integrated Survey. Table 13 illustrates the importance of the access to seeds through the private sector (73.1%) while the access to seeds via aid (i.e. NGO’s) represents a very minor proportion (1.2%). Access through governmental services (0.7%) is usually provided on a cost recovery basis (GoSL, 2005b). The category under “other” (24.4%) comprises access to seeds through own stock, exchanges, etc. (ibid). Government of Sierra Leone (GoSL) has established a Seed Multiplication Project with assistance from German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) and a number of donors are supporting NGO intervention in input markets, in particular with seed provision, as part of the rehabilitation effort. Government has been supplying planting materials at low or, effectively, no price since the war, as have many NGOs. The challenge is to phase out free distribution and move towards local commercial markets for planting materials to encourage farmers to produce at community level, and increase the interest of the private sector.
Table 13. Use of seeds by households in 2003/2004 (% of households per different supply channel used) Input Purchase to Private Sectors Access through Cooperative In the case of agricultural machinery access has also been limited in Sierra Leone. Figure 18 compares the number of agricultural workers per tractor in use for selected countries in Western Africa. The ratio in Sierra Leone is among the highest of the region with Central African Republic, Guinea Bissau and Togo. Ministry of Agriculture Extension Service NGO Other Total Seeds Source: HIS 2003/04. 73.1 0.6 0.7 1.2 24.4 100 Figure 18. Number of agricultural workers per tractor in use. Selected countries of Western Africa (2007) NB: Total economically active population in agriculture / Number of tractors in use. Source: FAOSTAT (2011). Apart from grants and concessions from foreign governments, the market for agricultural machinery has been dominated by the private sector. A few private firms handle importation of tractors and accompanying implements, selling directly to farmers who provide private tractor hiring services to other farmers. Table 14, Rural poverty reduction and food security: The case of smallholders in Sierra Leone 61
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Rural poverty reduction and food se
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Table of Contents Acknowledgments 2
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7 Conclusions 157 7.1 Surveyed Smal
Page 9 and 10:
Table 31. Different output values a
Page 11 and 12: Figure 34. Local participation in t
Page 13 and 14: Figure 96. Change in income as a re
Page 15 and 16: Executive Summary Agriculture is es
Page 17: attention needs to be paid to the i
Page 20 and 21: 1 Introduction 18 Box 1: Food Secur
Page 23 and 24: 2 Description of the Context in Sie
Page 25 and 26: Figure 2. Structure of the populati
Page 27 and 28: Diseases such as malaria and tuberc
Page 29 and 30: to energy supplies 8 , a low-skille
Page 31: Figure 4. Composition of exports fr
Page 34 and 35: 3 The Agricultural Sector 32 agrari
Page 36 and 37: 3 The Agricultural Sector 34 Figure
Page 40 and 41: 3 The Agricultural Sector 38 3.1.2
Page 42 and 43: 3 The Agricultural Sector 40 scale
Page 44 and 45: 3 The Agricultural Sector 42 absorb
Page 48 and 49: 3 The Agricultural Sector 46 availa
Page 50 and 51: 3 The Agricultural Sector 48 and in
Page 52 and 53: 3 The Agricultural Sector 50 origin
Page 54 and 55: 3 The Agricultural Sector 52 The us
Page 56 and 57: 3 The Agricultural Sector 54 crops
Page 58 and 59: 3 The Agricultural Sector 56 • Se
Page 60 and 61: 3 The Agricultural Sector 58 severe
Page 64 and 65: 3 The Agricultural Sector 62 Table
Page 66 and 67: 3 The Agricultural Sector 64 Table
Page 68 and 69: 3 The Agricultural Sector 66 post-h
Page 70 and 71: 4 EU Support Programmes for Rice an
Page 72 and 73: 4 EU Support Programmes for Rice an
Page 75 and 76: 5 Survey Methodology In this sectio
Page 77 and 78: sampling techniques were employed t
Page 79 and 80: up an agrarian system. The househol
Page 81 and 82: Farm Net Income per working unit: D
Page 83 and 84: price, which is higher than the mar
Page 85 and 86: stock or exchanges at the village l
Page 87 and 88: = 0.72) for non-food requirements.
Page 89 and 90: 6 Survey Results This section addre
Page 91 and 92: 6.1.2 Main activities and income so
Page 93 and 94: Figure 24. Average acreage under cu
Page 95 and 96: Table 24. Resources of smallholders
Page 97 and 98: Figure 30. Total acre per household
Page 99 and 100: harvesting period (Sesay et al., 20
Page 101 and 102: Figure 34. Local participation in t
Page 103 and 104: improved management strategies at p
Page 105 and 106: Figure 41. Crop mix categories in t
Page 107 and 108: when analysing the smallholder viab
Page 109 and 110: Table 27. Economic results of the s
Page 111 and 112: Table 29. Economic results of the s
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Figure 47. Farm Net Income for an a
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hired labour costs for self-subsist
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Figure 52. Output value of rice per
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Figure 57. Distribution of tree cro
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Figure 60. Farm viability of smallh
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Figure 63. Farm viability per farm
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Table 32. Percentage of farms per r
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Figure 69. Poverty level per farm t
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Figure 72. Cocoa and coffee output
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Figure 76. Total labour productivit
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Figure 80. Labour productivity per
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Figure 83. Labour productivity per
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6.4 Evaluation of the influence of
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Table 33. Evaluation Matrix for Sup
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Figure 87. Adequacy of support prov
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Figure 91. Adequacy of support prov
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Figure 95. Change in income as a re
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Figure 97. Impact of support on dif
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Figure 100. Expected sustainability
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Figure 103. Average farm net income
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Figure 107. Cultivated area of non-
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Figure 111. Revelance of income sou
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Figure 115. Number of tractors hire
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7 Conclusions 158 Table 34. Basic C
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7 Conclusions 160 Under the Peasant
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7 Conclusions 162 In the Eastern di
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7 Conclusions 164 may actually bene
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7 Conclusions 166 determining the d
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8 References 168 Crowley, E.L. (199
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8 References 170 GoSL and EC Govern
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8 References 172 Moreau P., F. Mabo
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8 References 174 van Wesenbeeck C.F
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9 Appendices 176 HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAP
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9 Appendices 178 COMMUNITY LEADERSH
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9 Appendices 180 Planting materials
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9 Appendices 182 Could you explain
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9 Appendices 184 Externality Please
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9 Appendices 186 Infrastructure/com
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9 Appendices 188 LABOUR INPUT- FOOD
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9 Appendices 190 OTHER INPUTS QUANT
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9 Appendices 192 YIELD LOSSES Now w
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9 Appendices 194 Figure: % of farms
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9 Appendices 196 Figure: Average fa
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9 Appendices 198 Labour productivit
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9 Appendices 200 Labour productivit
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9 Appendices 202
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SIERRA LEONE maq 4ª.indd - agrilife - Europa

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