The DARKROOM COOKBOOK, Third Edition

fi ne-grain, 44, 211–214
general-purpose, 44–45, 214–220
high-contrast, 45, 219–220, 247, 318–319
high-defi nition, 45, 220–223
image stain, 62
low-contrast, 45–46, 223–225, 248–249
low-temperature, 46, 225–228
mild alkalis, 24
moderate alkalis, 24–25
monobath fi lm developing, 54–57
MQ vs. PQ, 73
negative, 106–107
neutral-tone, 80, 249–252
for normal contrast positives, 319
overview, 19–20
paper developers, 243–244
phosphates, 25
pH role, 22–24
preservatives, 21–22
print developers, 71–74
for printmaking, 88
in print manipulation, 81–83
print vs. negative, 71
pyrocatechin, 61, 237–238
pyro developers, 231–237
replenishment, 49
restrainers, 25–27
solution considerations, 27
sulfi te-free, 30
superadditivity, 20–21
superfi ne-grain, 46–47, 238–241
tanning developers, 61
toning developers, 252–254
tropical, 47–48, 241–243
universal developers, 265–266
variable contrast, 81–82, 254–255
volume, 40–41
warm-tone, 80, 113, 255–261
water-bath developers, 43, 204–209
water softener, 27
Weston amidol developers, 264–265
Development by inspection
basic concept, 134
desensitizers, 136
fi lm density judging, 135–136
and pyro, 137
safelight, 135
Diafi ne-type developer, formula, 230
Index 347
Diaminophenol hydrochloride, see Amidol
Dibasic, properties and uses, 194
Dihydrate, defi nition, 169
Dilution methods
ABC Pyro, 60
crisscross method, 167
Direct brown-black paper developer, formula, 256
Direct conversions, metric and U.S. customary
units, 323–325
Direct development, and image color, 80
Direct selenium toner, formula, 294–297
Direct toners, categories, 111
Disposal, chemical safety, 161
Dissolving order, chemical preparation, 166
Divided developers
characteristics, 42
formulas, 204–208
technique, 42–43
Document fi lms, low-contrast developers, 45–46,
223–224
Docusate sodium, properties and uses, 173
Dodecahydrate, defi nition, 169
Doisneau, Robert, 54
Douglas, Ryuijie, 121, 134
Dresser, Rod, 88
Drying, in-cassette processing, 57
Dry Measure Compound Equivalents, conversions,
326–328
Dry powders, mixing safety, 160–161
Dry side equipment, items, 15–16
D175 Tanning Developer, formula, 209
DuPont BB formula, 265
DuPont 51-D, formula, 257–258
DuPont No. 3, formula, 238–239
DuPont 4-R, formula, 300
DuPont Toning System
components, 116
formulas, 297–299
Dusard, Jay, 132
Dust-free air, in darkroom planning, 4
DW-1, formula, 320
DW-2, formula, 320–321
Dye toners, formulas, 288–290
E
E-72, formula, 251
E-76, formula, 215