The DARKROOM COOKBOOK, Third Edition

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Dedication This book is dedicated to all the selfl ess photographers who have shared their experience and darkroom discoveries. To these photographers, known and unknown, we owe a debt of gratitude.
I believe the function of the artist in all media is a creation of affi rmations; the search for and the realization of beauty. <strong>The</strong> function of art includes an establishment of communication, at the imaginative and constructive level, and placing the emphasis of thought and emotion in relationship to an ideal world. <strong>The</strong> glorifi cation of decay, fi lth, disease, despair, and evil succeeds only in blunting our necessary awareness of these negative qualities . . . I believe the artist can accomplish most on the agenda for survival by creating beauty, by setting examples of beauty in order, by embracing the concept of the essential dignity of the human mind and spirit. —Ansel Adams
Page 2 and 3: The Darkroom Cookbook
Page 4 and 5: The DARKROOM COOKBOOK Third Edition
Page 8 and 9: Table of Contents PREFACE ix ACKNOW
Page 10 and 11: Preface The Darkroom Cookbook is ba
Page 12 and 13: Preface xi Which brings us to the q
Page 14 and 15: Acknowledgments There are two husba
Page 16 and 17: Introduction Today everybody seems
Page 18 and 19: Introduction xvii coating your own
Page 20 and 21: Contributing Photographers Bruce Ba
Page 22 and 23: Contributing Photographers xxi Gord
Page 24 and 25: Contributing Photographers xxiii Jo
Page 26 and 27: List of Formulas Many of the formul
Page 28 and 29: Push-Processing Formulas 230 47. Di
Page 30 and 31: Amidol Paper Developer 261 105. Ami
Page 32 and 33: Selenium Toners 294 162. Dassonvill
Page 34 and 35: Planning a Darkroom Art does not de
Page 36 and 37: Planning a Darkroom 3 Core® availa
Page 38 and 39: Planning a Darkroom 5 available as
Page 40 and 41: Placement of Equipment and Workfl o
Page 42 and 43: Planning a Darkroom 9 Floors call f
Page 44 and 45: Planning a Darkroom 11 for modern e
Page 46 and 47: How Safe Is Your Safelight? Richard
Page 48 and 49: Equipment People are under the illu
Page 50 and 51: Equipment 17 customary models. It i
Page 52 and 53: Developers One developing agent is
Page 54 and 55: Developers 21 quantity of metol to
Page 56 and 57:
Developers 23 pH Scale The pH scale
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Developers 25 Anhydrous, having no
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Potassium Iodide Developers 27 Alth
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Ascorbic Acid: Developing Agent or
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Developers 31 Alicia De Larocha, so
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Film Development It is the photogra
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Film Development 35 ● Conventiona
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Film Development 37 include Efke IR
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Film Development 39 cycle per minut
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Film Development 41 minimum. Howeve
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Film Development 43 fi rst 60 secon
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Film Development 45 Not long after
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Film Development 47 These disadvant
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REPLENISHMENT OF DEVELOPERS Film De
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Film Development 51 Flower Composit
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Film Development 53 Yvette at the C
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Monobath Film Developing 55 possibl
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Washing Monobath Film Developing 57
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Pyrogallol and Pyrocatechin 59 in A
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Pyrogallol and Pyrocatechin 61 Edwa
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Pyrogallol and Pyrocatechin 63 A la
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Crystal Springs #659, 2002. © 2008
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Broken Vase, 2002. © 2008 Gordon H
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Pyrogallol and Pyrocatechin 69 Test
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Print Developers They say my print
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Print Developers 73 when a limited
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Print Developers 75 Brett Weston &
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Printing Methods and Techniques Tak
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Printing Methods and Techniques 79
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Cold Tones (Blue-black) Printing Me
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Manipulating Exposure and Developme
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#2-5041, 1996. © 2008 Henry Gilpin
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Four French Tulips, Carmel, Califor
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Page 126 and 127:
Sequoias and Sunburst, 1976. © 200
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Page 130 and 131:
Rescuing Thin Shadows Saïd Nuseibe
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Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Stop Baths and Fixers Surely, it is
Page 138 and 139:
Stops Baths and Fixers 105 concentr
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Stops Baths and Fixers 107 determin
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Toning Prints There is a road from
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TONER TEST STRIPS Toning Prints 111
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Toning Prints 113 gold toning for c
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Toning Prints 115 The sepia/sulfi d
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Multiple Toning Toning Prints 117 I
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Toning Prints 119 and selenium �
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K49 Jellyfi sh, 2008. © 2008 Ryuij
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Photographic Reduction and Intensif
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Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Pitman Arm, 2000. © 2008 Jay Dusar
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SAFELIGHT Development by inspection
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PYRO AND DEVELOPMENT BY INSPECTION
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leak light. What is important is th
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Procedure for Reversal Processing R
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Reversal Processing and Enlarged Ne
Page 178 and 179:
Procedure for Making an Enlarged Ne
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Printing Out Processes You must alw
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Printing Out Processes 149 Caution:
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Printing Out Processes 151 over the
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Printing Out Processes 153 Sleeples
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Printing Out Processes 155 Add the
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Printing Out Processes 157 Camera O
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Safety in Handling Photographic Che
Page 194 and 195:
Safety in Handling Photographic Che
Page 196 and 197:
Chemicals Photography, in the fi na
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Chemicals 165 In this 3rd edition o
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Chemicals 167 ethylenediaminetetraa
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Pharmacopoeia The artist lives to e
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Pharmacopoeia 171 Glacial acetic ac
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Pharmacopoeia 173 Uses: Preservativ
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Pharmacopoeia 175 ALUM, POTASSIUM S
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Pharmacopoeia 177 AMMONIUM THIOSULF
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BROMIDE (see Potassium bromide) Pha
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Appearance: Greenish crystalline sc
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HYPO (see Sodium Thiosulfate) Pharm
Page 218 and 219:
Pharmacopoeia 185 working. Tropical
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Pharmacopoeia 187 Uses: To precipit
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Pharmacopoeia 189 Uses: As a preser
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SODA (see Sodium carbonate) Pharmac
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Pharmacopoeia 193 Notes: Caustic al
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Pharmacopoeia 195 SODIUM SULFITE Sy
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Proofi ng for Maximum Black The cam
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Archival Print Procedure Appendix 1
Page 234 and 235:
Archival Print Procedure 201 7. At
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Formulas FILM DEVELOPERS Developmen
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SOLUTION B Water at 110F/43C, 750.0
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SOLUTION B Water at 110F/43C, 750.0
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SOLUTION B Formulas 209 Water at 90
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Dilution B Distilled water at 125F/
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4 minutes: water without agitation.
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Metol, 3.0 g Sodium sulfi te, 45.0
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Borax, granular, 7.0 g Boric acid,
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Formulas 219 Use as you would XTOL.
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SOLUTION A Water at 125F/52C, 750.0
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SOLUTION A Water at 125F/52C, 750.0
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Stock Solution B Water at 125F/52C,
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Formulas 227 Sodium hydroxide, 17.6
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FORMULA #45 Keelan’s Monobath (H.
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The development times at 68F/20C ar
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Pyro, 28.0 g Sodium sulfi te, 100.0
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Formulas 235 NOTE 1: To help preser
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SOLUTION B Distilled water, 750.0 m
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Sodium sulfi te, 90.0 g Water to ma
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Metol, 12.0 g Sodium sulfi te, 90.0
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Developing time and procedures are
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FORMULA #69 Blue-Black Developer Fo
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Formulas 247 Benzotriazole, 0.2 g G
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FORMULA #78 Gevaert G.253 Soft-Port
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Hydroquinone, 10.0 g Water to make
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Sodium carbonate, monohydrate, 138.
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Sodium sulfi te, 23.0 g *Potassium
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Formulas 257 and then processed fol
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Normal exposure should be determine
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Pyro, 4.4 g Sodium carbonate, monoh
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FORMULA #108 Amidol Teaspoon Formul
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Amidol, 16.0 g 10% potassium bromid
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Formulas 267 Add a suffi cient amou
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FORMULA #123 Acid Hypo (J. Ghislain
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Formulas 271 When the above is thor
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Formulas 273 FILM: Film should be c
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TONERS Formulas 275 ● Different p
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Formulas 277 Add 16 drops of concen
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With stirring add: Thiourea, 1.0 g
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Formulas 281 This solution should b
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SOLUTION A *Potassium bichromate, 5
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Prepare the bleaching bath as follo
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Formulas 287 Using the Toner: Print
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*Glacial acetic acid, 5.0 ml Water
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Formulas 291 the solubility of the
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FORMULA #158 Kodak GP-2 (Thanks to
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Formulas 295 Dissolve the sodium su
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Formulas 297 As with Kodak Rapid Se
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Formulas 299 After treatment in the
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FORMULA #169 Flattening Reducer For
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Formulas 303 To use, take 2 parts o
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NEGATIVE INTENSIFIERS FORMULA #176
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STOCK SOLUTION #4 Metol, 6.5 g Sodi
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Formulas 309 Add 30.0 ml of Solutio
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Keep hands in Solution A for a few
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Distilled water, 180.0 ml Potassium
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FORMULA #194 Kodak SH-5 Formulas 31
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FORMULA #197 Kodak TC-3 Stain Remov
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Formulas 319 Development time is 8-
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Sodium metabisulfi te, 10.0 g Boric
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Conversion Tables DIRECT EQUIVALENT
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Direct equivalents (Continued) Conv
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0.7 � 10 0.8 � 11.7 0.9 � 13
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225 ml � 7.2 fl oz 250 ml � 8 f
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Sodium Carbonate Conversion Table C
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Conversion Tables 333 always possib
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TABLE 5 Film Development Temperatur
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Material Sources 337 RH Designs (St
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Azo Forum, www.michaelandpaula.com/
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Bibliography 341 James, T.H. The Th
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Index A ABC Pyro formula, 231-232,
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C Cabinets, darkroom planning, 9 Ca
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fi ne-grain, 44, 211-214 general-pu
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Filters and safelights, 10-11 in th
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In-cassette processing developing,
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Panchromatic paper, and safelights,
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and development by inspection, 137
Page 390 and 391:
Strong ammonium thiosulfate reducer
Page 392:
Weston amidol developers, formulas,
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