The DARKROOM COOKBOOK, Third Edition

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and development by inspection, 137 formulas, 68–69, 209–210, 237–238 problems, 62–63 properties and uses, 189–190 tanning developers, 61 toners, 282–283 Pyrogallol (pyro) ABC Pyro, 58–60 characteristics, 58 formulas, 231–237 PPTEA, 30 problems, 62–63 properties and uses, 190 tanning developers, 61 warm-tone developer, 260–261 Q Quick, John E., 265 Quinol, see Hydroquinone R Rapid fi lm dryer, formula, 318 Rapid fi xers acid hardening, 270 formulas, 269–270 Rapid thiocyanate fi xer, formula, 270 Red-brown paper developer, formula, 260 Red-brown tones developer formula, 260 production, 114 Redevelop Selenium Toner, 114 Red tones production, 114 toner formulas, 293–294 Reducers negative formulas, 299–303 negative types, 123 non-staining formula, 304 Reduction process developing agents, 19–20 superfi ne-grain developers, 238–241 Re-exposure, in reversal processing, 141–142 Refl ection, fi lm density judging, 136 Reichner’s Divided Developer, formula, 207–208 Replenishers D-76R formula, 218 Index 355 ID-68, 217 Kodak Balanced Alkali Replenisher, 213–214 Kodak D-19R, 220 Kodak D-67R, 319 Kodak GP-2R, 293 Residual hypo test, formula, 312–313 Residual silver test solution, formula, 315 Resolving power, defi nition, 35 Restrainers benzotriazole, 26 overview, 25–26 potassium bromide, 26 potassium iodide, 27 in print development, 72 Reversal processing formulas, 318 key points, 140 procedure, 141–142 stages, 139–140 Rock in the Merced River, 120 Rodinal-type developer, formula, 222–223 Rogers, Daughtee, 5 Rogers, Frank, 5 Rollei ATP, 45 Rollo Pyro, formula, 235–236 Rolls Royce Running Board, Concours d’Elegance, 13 Rudman, Tim, 118–119 S Safelight darkroom planning, 10–11 development by inspection, 135 paper sensitizing, 148 safety, 14 Safety procedures basics, 159–160 chemical disposal and storage, 161 chemical hazard hotlines, 162 dry powder mixing, 160–161 Salt, gold toning, 152 Salting paper, printing out processes, 148, 151 SB-4 Tropical Hardener Bath, 47–48 Scales, equipment list, 16–17 Schwalberg, Bob, 19 Sease, V. B., 238–239 Seigel, Judy, 294–295
356 INDEX Sel d’Or, see Gold with hypo Selenium intensifi ers, for prints, 130–131 Selenium toners for archival prints, 200–201 characteristics, 115–116 formulas, 294–297 Sensitizing paper, in print out processes, 148 Sepia intensifi ers, characteristics, 129–130 Sepia toners formulas, 258–259, 261, 279–280 hypo-alum, 281–282 sulfi de, 284–285 Sequoias and Sunburst, 93 Sexton, John, 100–102 Shadows, thin, rescuing, 97–98 Silver gelatin prints, surface enhancement, 100–101 Silver halide, developing agents, 19 Silver intensifi er characteristics, 129 formula, 306–307 Silver nitrate properties and uses, 190 staining, 149 Single-solution dye toner, formula, 288–290 Sinks, darkroom planning, 9 Size considerations, darkroom planning, 5–6 Sleepless, 153 Smith, Michael A., 83 Soda, see Sodium carbonate Sodium acetate, properties and uses, 191 Sodium ascorbate, properties and uses, 191 Sodium bicarbonate, properties and uses, 191 Sodium bisulfate, properties and uses, 191 Sodium bisulfi te developing agents, 22 properties and uses, 191 Sodium bromide, properties and uses, 192 Sodium carbonate for buffering, 24 conversions, 330–332 properties and uses, 192 stop baths, 103 Sodium chloride, properties and uses, 192 Sodium hexametaphosphate, see Calgon Sodium hydroxide as caustic alkali, 25 properties and uses, 192–193 Sodium isoascorbate, properties and uses, 193 Sodium metabisulfi te, properties and uses, 193 Sodium metaborate for buffering, 24 properties and uses, 193–194 Sodium phosphate developing agents, 25 properties and uses, 194 Sodium sulfantimoniate, properties and uses, 194 Sodium sulfate with D-72 or D-76, 48 properties and uses, 194 Sodium sulfi de properties and uses, 194 smell, 112, 130 Sodium sulfi te conversions, 330 properties and uses, 195 Sodium tetraborate, see Borax Sodium thiocyanate, properties and uses, 195 Sodium thiosulfate, properties and uses, 195 Soft-portrait paper developer, formula, 249 Soft-working developer, formula, 248 Space, size considerations, 5–6 Special warm-tone paper developer, formula, 253 Split toning, with polytoner, 121 Spot reduction, method, 126–127 Staining bath, pyro image, 62 Stains clothing, 310 hands, 310–311 from oxidation, 313–314 silver nitrate, 149 trays, 317 Stand development, as fi lm development method, 39–40 Stanger, Russell, 31 Starch, properties and uses, 195 Steam, and B&W fi ber-based prints, 100–101 Stock solutions, ABC Pyro, 59–60 Stoeckler’s Fine-Grain Divided Developer, formula, 208 Stop baths considerations, 103–104 formulas, 266–268 for tropical development, 48 Storage bottles, equipment list, 17 Storage space, darkroom planning, 9–10
Page 2 and 3:
The Darkroom Cookbook
Page 4 and 5:
The DARKROOM COOKBOOK Third Edition
Page 6 and 7:
Dedication This book is dedicated t
Page 8 and 9:
Table of Contents PREFACE ix ACKNOW
Page 10 and 11:
Preface The Darkroom Cookbook is ba
Page 12 and 13:
Preface xi Which brings us to the q
Page 14 and 15:
Acknowledgments There are two husba
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Introduction Today everybody seems
Page 18 and 19:
Introduction xvii coating your own
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Contributing Photographers Bruce Ba
Page 22 and 23:
Contributing Photographers xxi Gord
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Contributing Photographers xxiii Jo
Page 26 and 27:
List of Formulas Many of the formul
Page 28 and 29:
Push-Processing Formulas 230 47. Di
Page 30 and 31:
Amidol Paper Developer 261 105. Ami
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Selenium Toners 294 162. Dassonvill
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Planning a Darkroom Art does not de
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Planning a Darkroom 3 Core® availa
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Planning a Darkroom 5 available as
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Placement of Equipment and Workfl o
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Planning a Darkroom 9 Floors call f
Page 44 and 45:
Planning a Darkroom 11 for modern e
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How Safe Is Your Safelight? Richard
Page 48 and 49:
Equipment People are under the illu
Page 50 and 51:
Equipment 17 customary models. It i
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Developers One developing agent is
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Developers 21 quantity of metol to
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Developers 23 pH Scale The pH scale
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Developers 25 Anhydrous, having no
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Potassium Iodide Developers 27 Alth
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Ascorbic Acid: Developing Agent or
Page 64 and 65:
Developers 31 Alicia De Larocha, so
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Film Development It is the photogra
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Film Development 35 ● Conventiona
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Film Development 37 include Efke IR
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Film Development 39 cycle per minut
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Film Development 41 minimum. Howeve
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Film Development 43 fi rst 60 secon
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Film Development 45 Not long after
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Film Development 47 These disadvant
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REPLENISHMENT OF DEVELOPERS Film De
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Film Development 51 Flower Composit
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Film Development 53 Yvette at the C
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Monobath Film Developing 55 possibl
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Washing Monobath Film Developing 57
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Pyrogallol and Pyrocatechin 59 in A
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Pyrogallol and Pyrocatechin 61 Edwa
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Pyrogallol and Pyrocatechin 63 A la
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Crystal Springs #659, 2002. © 2008
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Broken Vase, 2002. © 2008 Gordon H
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Pyrogallol and Pyrocatechin 69 Test
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Print Developers They say my print
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Print Developers 73 when a limited
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Print Developers 75 Brett Weston &
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Printing Methods and Techniques Tak
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Printing Methods and Techniques 79
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Cold Tones (Blue-black) Printing Me
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Manipulating Exposure and Developme
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#2-5041, 1996. © 2008 Henry Gilpin
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Four French Tulips, Carmel, Califor
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Page 126 and 127:
Sequoias and Sunburst, 1976. © 200
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Page 130 and 131:
Rescuing Thin Shadows Saïd Nuseibe
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Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Stop Baths and Fixers Surely, it is
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Stops Baths and Fixers 105 concentr
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Stops Baths and Fixers 107 determin
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Toning Prints There is a road from
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TONER TEST STRIPS Toning Prints 111
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Toning Prints 113 gold toning for c
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Toning Prints 115 The sepia/sulfi d
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Multiple Toning Toning Prints 117 I
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Toning Prints 119 and selenium �
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K49 Jellyfi sh, 2008. © 2008 Ryuij
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Photographic Reduction and Intensif
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Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Pitman Arm, 2000. © 2008 Jay Dusar
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SAFELIGHT Development by inspection
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PYRO AND DEVELOPMENT BY INSPECTION
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leak light. What is important is th
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Procedure for Reversal Processing R
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Reversal Processing and Enlarged Ne
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Procedure for Making an Enlarged Ne
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Printing Out Processes You must alw
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Printing Out Processes 149 Caution:
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Printing Out Processes 151 over the
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Printing Out Processes 153 Sleeples
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Printing Out Processes 155 Add the
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Printing Out Processes 157 Camera O
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Safety in Handling Photographic Che
Page 194 and 195:
Safety in Handling Photographic Che
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Chemicals Photography, in the fi na
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Chemicals 165 In this 3rd edition o
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Chemicals 167 ethylenediaminetetraa
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Pharmacopoeia The artist lives to e
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Pharmacopoeia 171 Glacial acetic ac
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Pharmacopoeia 173 Uses: Preservativ
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Pharmacopoeia 175 ALUM, POTASSIUM S
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Pharmacopoeia 177 AMMONIUM THIOSULF
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BROMIDE (see Potassium bromide) Pha
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Appearance: Greenish crystalline sc
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HYPO (see Sodium Thiosulfate) Pharm
Page 218 and 219:
Pharmacopoeia 185 working. Tropical
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Pharmacopoeia 187 Uses: To precipit
Page 222 and 223:
Pharmacopoeia 189 Uses: As a preser
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SODA (see Sodium carbonate) Pharmac
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Pharmacopoeia 193 Notes: Caustic al
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Pharmacopoeia 195 SODIUM SULFITE Sy
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Proofi ng for Maximum Black The cam
Page 232 and 233:
Archival Print Procedure Appendix 1
Page 234 and 235:
Archival Print Procedure 201 7. At
Page 236 and 237:
Formulas FILM DEVELOPERS Developmen
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SOLUTION B Water at 110F/43C, 750.0
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SOLUTION B Water at 110F/43C, 750.0
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SOLUTION B Formulas 209 Water at 90
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Dilution B Distilled water at 125F/
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4 minutes: water without agitation.
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Metol, 3.0 g Sodium sulfi te, 45.0
Page 250 and 251:
Borax, granular, 7.0 g Boric acid,
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Formulas 219 Use as you would XTOL.
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SOLUTION A Water at 125F/52C, 750.0
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SOLUTION A Water at 125F/52C, 750.0
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Stock Solution B Water at 125F/52C,
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Formulas 227 Sodium hydroxide, 17.6
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FORMULA #45 Keelan’s Monobath (H.
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The development times at 68F/20C ar
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Pyro, 28.0 g Sodium sulfi te, 100.0
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Formulas 235 NOTE 1: To help preser
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SOLUTION B Distilled water, 750.0 m
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Sodium sulfi te, 90.0 g Water to ma
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Metol, 12.0 g Sodium sulfi te, 90.0
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Developing time and procedures are
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FORMULA #69 Blue-Black Developer Fo
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Formulas 247 Benzotriazole, 0.2 g G
Page 282 and 283:
FORMULA #78 Gevaert G.253 Soft-Port
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Hydroquinone, 10.0 g Water to make
Page 286 and 287:
Sodium carbonate, monohydrate, 138.
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Sodium sulfi te, 23.0 g *Potassium
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Formulas 257 and then processed fol
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Normal exposure should be determine
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Pyro, 4.4 g Sodium carbonate, monoh
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FORMULA #108 Amidol Teaspoon Formul
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Amidol, 16.0 g 10% potassium bromid
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Formulas 267 Add a suffi cient amou
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FORMULA #123 Acid Hypo (J. Ghislain
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Formulas 271 When the above is thor
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Formulas 273 FILM: Film should be c
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TONERS Formulas 275 ● Different p
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Formulas 277 Add 16 drops of concen
Page 312 and 313:
With stirring add: Thiourea, 1.0 g
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Formulas 281 This solution should b
Page 316 and 317:
SOLUTION A *Potassium bichromate, 5
Page 318 and 319:
Prepare the bleaching bath as follo
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Formulas 287 Using the Toner: Print
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*Glacial acetic acid, 5.0 ml Water
Page 324 and 325:
Formulas 291 the solubility of the
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FORMULA #158 Kodak GP-2 (Thanks to
Page 328 and 329:
Formulas 295 Dissolve the sodium su
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Formulas 297 As with Kodak Rapid Se
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Formulas 299 After treatment in the
Page 334 and 335:
FORMULA #169 Flattening Reducer For
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Formulas 303 To use, take 2 parts o
Page 338 and 339: NEGATIVE INTENSIFIERS FORMULA #176
Page 340 and 341: STOCK SOLUTION #4 Metol, 6.5 g Sodi
Page 342 and 343: Formulas 309 Add 30.0 ml of Solutio
Page 344 and 345: Keep hands in Solution A for a few
Page 346 and 347: Distilled water, 180.0 ml Potassium
Page 348 and 349: FORMULA #194 Kodak SH-5 Formulas 31
Page 350 and 351: FORMULA #197 Kodak TC-3 Stain Remov
Page 352 and 353: Formulas 319 Development time is 8-
Page 354 and 355: Sodium metabisulfi te, 10.0 g Boric
Page 356 and 357: Conversion Tables DIRECT EQUIVALENT
Page 358 and 359: Direct equivalents (Continued) Conv
Page 360 and 361: 0.7 � 10 0.8 � 11.7 0.9 � 13
Page 362 and 363: 225 ml � 7.2 fl oz 250 ml � 8 f
Page 364 and 365: Sodium Carbonate Conversion Table C
Page 366 and 367: Conversion Tables 333 always possib
Page 368 and 369: TABLE 5 Film Development Temperatur
Page 370 and 371: Material Sources 337 RH Designs (St
Page 372 and 373: Azo Forum, www.michaelandpaula.com/
Page 374 and 375: Bibliography 341 James, T.H. The Th
Page 376 and 377: Index A ABC Pyro formula, 231-232,
Page 378 and 379: C Cabinets, darkroom planning, 9 Ca
Page 380 and 381: fi ne-grain, 44, 211-214 general-pu
Page 382 and 383: Filters and safelights, 10-11 in th
Page 384 and 385: In-cassette processing developing,
Page 386 and 387: Panchromatic paper, and safelights,
Page 390 and 391: Strong ammonium thiosulfate reducer
Page 392: Weston amidol developers, formulas,
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