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ly Russian and where there was an active hostility toUkrainian nationalism. Nonetheless the Ukrainianmovement which emerged in the course of the RussianRevolution was, despite its ultimate failure, a politicalexpression of genuine interests and loyalties. Its rootswere manifold; a specific Ukrainian culture, restingon peculiarities of language and folklore; a historictradition dating from the seventeenth-century Cossackcommunities; an identity of interests among the membersof the large and powerful group of well-to-dopeasants of the Dnieper region; and a numerically smallbut active group of nationally conscious intellectuals,with a century-old heritage of cultural nationalismbehind them.Briefly AnnotatedWorks* 6. 17 +Bellis, Paul. Marxism and the U. S. S. R. ; the Theoryof Proletarian Dictatorship and the Marxist Analysisof Soviet Society. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: HumanitiesPress, 1979. LC 79-11801. ISBN 0-391-01007-7.Bellis provides background on Soviet Marxismand its theoretical and ideological justifications foreconomic measures and policies, including the policyof collectivization.~ 6. 18 *Bettelheim, Charles. Class Struggles in the USSR;Second Period: 1923-1930. New York: MonthlyReview Press, 1978. LC 76-28976. ISBN 0-85527-9.Applying Marxian categories critically to theSoviet experience of the later 1920s, Bettelheim offersa trenchant analysis of the prelude to, and processesof, collectivization which he views as a species ofappropriation.~ 6. 19 ~Carr, Edward Hallett, and R. W. Davies. Foundationof a Planned Economy, 1926-1929 Vol. 1, Parts 1 and2, of A History of Soviet Russia. New York: Mac-Millan Co. , 1969. LC 71-80789.The continuation of the monumental history begunby Carr alone, this is the history of the period immediatelypreceding collectivization; it details the circumstancesthat led up to Stalin's decision to collectivizethe rural economy.~ 6. 20 *Carrere d'Encausse, Helene. Decline of an Empire;the Soviet Socialist Republics in Revolt. New York:Harper Colophon, 1981. ISBN 0-06-090844-0.An important examination of relations betweenSoviet central authority and the constituent republicsin the post-Stalinist era, this book treats. the Ukrainealongside the other republics. The focus is not only ondiscontent and other centrifugal factors but also on theimplications of contemporary demographic trends.+ 6. 21 ~Carynyk, Marco, Luyblubomyr Y. Luciuk, and BohdanS. Kordan, eds. The Foreign Office and the Famine:British Documents on Ukraine and the Great Famine.Kingston, Ontario, and Bestal, NY: Limestone Press,1988. ISBN 0-919642-29-2.The British Foreign Office documents in thiscollection afford a useful external perspective on thecharacter of the famine.+ 6. 22 *Chalk, Frank, and Kurt Jonassohn. The History andSociology of Genocide. New Haven and London: YaleUniversity Press, 1990. LC 89-27381. ISBN 0-300-04445-3.By means of comparison and synthesis, Chalk andJonassohn seek to refine the definition of genocide andour understanding of the phenomenon.~ 6. 23 *Davies, R. W. The Industrialization of Soviet Russia,Vol. 1, The Socialist Offensive; the Collectivization ofSoviet Agriculture, 1929-1930, and Vol. 2, The SovietCollective Farm, 1929-1930. Cambridge, MA: HarvardUniversity Press, 1980. LC 79-15263, 79-15273. ISBN0-674-81480-0 v1, 0-674-82600-0 v2.The author's continuation of Carr's History ofSoviet Russia, these books trace the drive for collectivization,in the Ukraine and elsewhere, in the frameworkof shifting policies and with the status of the collectivefarm that resulted.~ 6. 24 ~Dmytryshyn, Basil. Moscow and the Ukraine, 1917-1953. New York: Bookman Associates, 1956. LC 57-1284.Dmytryshyn offers a general history of relationsbetween the Soviet center and the Ukrainian periphery.He includes the shifting policies designed to addressthe nationality problem.+ 6. 25*Ellison, Herbert J. "The Decision to Collectivize"Agriculture. In Russian Economic Development. Ed.by William L. Blackwell. New York: New Viewpoints,1974. LC 73-11162. ISBN 0-531-06363-1.Ellison examines the decision of the FifteenthParty Congress of 1927 to collectivize agriculture,emphasizing the interplay of forces within the partythat conditioned the decision.The Ukrainian Famine 115