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Economic and ecological damage and malnutritionthreaten the survival of the people. Cultural alienationand urbanization have occurred, specifically among theyoung, through the introduction of Western education,values and lifestyles. There is fear that traditionalsociety will "fail to reproduce itself. " (p. 211) The bookcalls for state protection of the cultural identity of thesepeople.~ 1. 35 ~Hvalkof, Soren, and Peter Aaby, eds. Is God anAmerican? An Anthropological Perspective of theMissionary Workofthe SummerInstituteofLinguistics.IWGIA Document no. 43. Copenhagen and London:International Work Group on Indigenous Affairs andSurvival International, 1981. ISBN 87-980717-2-6.The Hvalkof and Aaby collection of anthropologicalpapers critically examines the role of the AmericanSummer Institute of Linguistics (SIL)—the largestorganization of Protestant missionaries — among tribalgroups throughout the world and particularly in LatinAmerica. The first chapter introduces the reader to thedevelopment of SIL and stresses the equivocal positionof missionaries working as mediators between Indiansand expanding state development and military projects.The main thrust of SIL is to save indigenous andpeasant people from Satan by translating the Bible intotheir respective languages, a policy recognized by thecontributors as a form of cultural imperialism causingethnocide. The remaining chapters amplify these themeswith specific reference to local communities.+ 1. 36 ~Independent Commission on International HumanitarianIssues. Indigenous Peoples. London: Zed Books Ltd. ,1987. ISBN 0-86232-759-8.This work is a concise introduction to the mainissues which threaten the survival of indigenous peoplestoday. The last section on international and nationalaction considers the roles of governments, large financecorporations and industries, the United Nations, andother agencies.* 1. 37 +Kewley, Vanja. Tibet: BehindtheIce Curtain. London:Grafton Books, 1990. ISBN 0-246-13594-8.Kewley's book is a compelling eye witness accountof a Western journalist's clandestine investigation ofChinese genocide and ethnocide in Tibet. Personalimpressions are supported by historical data to producea well-rounded and informed perspective on thecontinuing Chinese policies of oppression. The cruxof the book is the extensive interviews held withTibetans who directly suffered under Chinese brutality,which Kewley compares to Nazi policies of the Holo-caust. Ethnocidal policies, which continue to date, havebeen pursued coterminously with policies of genocide.The persistent policy of demographic relocation ofChinese into Tibet is another grave threat to theculture's survival. The dearth of data from the region,which is under extreme Chinese control, adds to thesignificance of the book.+ 1. 38 ~Kliot, N. "Accommodation and Adjustment to EthnicDemands: The Mediterranean Framework. " 7heJournal of Ethnic Studies 17:2 (1989): 45-70.The author discusses trends of cultural andpolitical oppression of ethnic groups within Mediterraneanstates in a general paper that covers vast ground.Consequently it precludes the sophisticated analysis thatwould result from more detailed examination of cases.~139 ~Legters, Lyman H. "'The American Genocide. 'Pathologies of Indian-White Relations. " Policy StudiesJournal 16:4 (1988): 768-777.In his short, provocative discussion of the conceptof genocide, Legters seeks to extend its definition toinclude debilitating forms of mass destruction other than"the deliberate extermination of human life" alone.(p. 770) He suggests that ethnocide — cultural genocide— be included under the term, referring to thehistories of the Native American peoples.0 I 40 4Lewis, Norman. The Missionaries. London: ArrowBooks Ltd. , 1989. ISBN 0-09-959960-0.Lewis' book consists of personal reminiscencesof his encounters with missionary work among indigenouspeoples, mainly in Latin America. He reveals thesavage and relentless destruction caused by the NorthAmerican fundamentalists.~ 1. 41 ~Lizot, Jaques. The Yanomami in the Face of Ethnocide.IWGIA Document no. 22. Copenhagen: InternationalWork Group on Indigenous Affairs, 1976.The author lived among the Yanomami of theUpper Orinoco in Venezuela during the period of 1968-1975. In this work, he takes a short and direct lookat the detrimental effects of missionary work on thesepeople. Lizot argues that the missionaries are almosttotally ignorant both of the complexity of the Yanomamitraditional lifestyle and of the disastrous effectsof their intervention. The economy, the social organization,enforced schooling at an isolated missionaryinstitution, and health are singled out as areas wherethis is most evident. He attributes a decreasing populationto malnutrition and disease, both inculcated by14 GENOCIDE