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The Complete Book of Spaceflight: From Apollo 1 to Zero Gravity

The Complete Book of Spaceflight: From Apollo 1 to Zero Gravity

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LiPS Living Plume Shield<br />

LISA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna<br />

LLRV Lunar Landing Research Vehicle<br />

LM Lunar Module. See <strong>Apollo</strong><br />

LOR lunar-orbit rendezvous<br />

Losat-X Low Altitude Satellite Experiment<br />

LOX liquid oxygen<br />

LRV Lunar Roving Vehicle. See <strong>Apollo</strong><br />

M2P2 Mini-Magne<strong>to</strong>spheric Plasma Propulsion<br />

MABES Magnetic Bearing Satellite<br />

MACSAT Multiple Access Communications Satellite<br />

MagConst Magne<strong>to</strong>spheric Constellation<br />

Magsat Magnetic Field Satellite<br />

MAP Microwave Anisotropy Probe<br />

MASTIF Multiple Axis Space Test Inertia Facility<br />

MAXIM Pathfinder Microarcsecond X-ray Imaging<br />

Pathfinder<br />

MDS Mission Demonstration test Satellite<br />

MECO main engine cut<strong>of</strong>f<br />

MEO medium Earth orbit<br />

MESSENGER Mercury Surface, Space Environment,<br />

Geochemistry and Ranging<br />

MetOp satellites Meteorological Operational satellites<br />

MGS Mars Global Surveyor<br />

MIDAS Missile Defense Alarm System<br />

MIDEX Medium-class Explorer<br />

Milstar Military Strategic and Tactical Relay<br />

MMS Magne<strong>to</strong>spheric Multiscale<br />

MMU Manned Maneuvering Unit<br />

MO Mission <strong>of</strong> Opportunity<br />

MOL Manned Orbiting Labora<strong>to</strong>ry<br />

MORL Manned Orbiting Research Labora<strong>to</strong>ry<br />

MOS Marine Observation Satellite<br />

MOST Microvariability and Oscillations <strong>of</strong> Stars<br />

MOUSE Minimum Orbital Unmanned Satellite <strong>of</strong><br />

the Earth<br />

MPF Mars Pathfinder<br />

MPL Mars Polar Lander<br />

MSFC Marshall Space Flight Center<br />

MSX Midcourse Space Experiment<br />

MTI Multispectral <strong>The</strong>rmal Imager<br />

MUSES- Mu Space Engineering Satellites<br />

MUSTARD Multi-Unit Space Transport and Recovery<br />

Device<br />

NACA National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics<br />

NAR National Association <strong>of</strong> Rocketry<br />

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration<br />

NASDA National Space Development Agency<br />

NASP National Aerospace Plane. See X-30<br />

Navsat Naval Navigation Satellite<br />

Navstar-GPS Navigation Satellite Time and Ranging<br />

Global Positioning System. See GPS<br />

NBS Neutral Buoyancy Simula<strong>to</strong>r<br />

Acronyms and Abbreviations 501<br />

NCT Nanosat Constellation Trailblazer<br />

NEAP Near-Earth Asteroid Prospec<strong>to</strong>r<br />

NEAR-Shoemaker Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous<br />

NEP nuclear-electric propulsion<br />

NERVA Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application<br />

NGSS Next Generation Sky Survey<br />

NGST Next Generation Space Telescope<br />

NIAC NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts<br />

NIMS Navy Ionsopheric Moni<strong>to</strong>ring System. See<br />

Transit<br />

NMP New Millennium Program<br />

NNSS Navy Navigational Satellite System. See Transit<br />

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<br />

NOSS Naval Ocean Surveillance Satellite<br />

NRDS Nuclear Rocket Development Station<br />

NRO National Reconnaissance Office<br />

NSC National Space Club<br />

NSI National Space Institute<br />

NSS National Space Society<br />

NSSDC National Space Science Data Center<br />

NUSAT Northern Utah Satellite<br />

OAO Orbiting Astronomical Observa<strong>to</strong>ry<br />

ODERACS Orbital Debris Radar Calibration Sphere<br />

OFO Orbiting Frog O<strong>to</strong>lith<br />

OGO Orbiting Geophysical Observa<strong>to</strong>ry<br />

OICETS Optical Inter-orbit Communications Engineering<br />

Test Satellite<br />

ONERA Office National d’Études et de Recherches<br />

Aérospatiale<br />

OPAL Orbiting PicoSat Launcher<br />

OPF Orbiter Processing Facility<br />

ORFEUS Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme<br />

Ultraviolet Spectrometer. See SPAS<br />

OSCAR Orbiting Satellite for Communication by<br />

Amateur Radio<br />

OSO Orbiting Solar Observa<strong>to</strong>ry<br />

OWL Orbiting Wide-angle Light-collec<strong>to</strong>rs<br />

OWLT one-way light time<br />

PAET Planetary Atmospheric Entry Test<br />

Pageos Passive GEOS<br />

PAM Payload Assist Module<br />

PARASOL Polarization and Anisotropy <strong>of</strong><br />

Reflectances for Atmospheric Science coupled with<br />

Observations from a Lidar<br />

PFS Particles and Fields Subsatellite<br />

PI Planet Imager<br />

PICASSO-CENA Pathfinder for Instruments for Cloud<br />

and Aerospace Spaceborne Observations—Clima<strong>to</strong>logie<br />

Etendue des Nuages et des Aerosols. See CALIPSO.<br />

PMG Plasma Mo<strong>to</strong>r/Genera<strong>to</strong>r

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