Formwork for Concrete Structures by R.L.Peurifoy and G.D- By EasyEngineering.net

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Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.netForms for Footings 205FIGURE 8-5 Forms for concrete footings.ww.EasyEngineering.nThe studs and plates can be made from 2 × 4, or 2 × 6 lumber,depending on the size and species of lumber used for the forms andthe pressure from the concrete. If the footing is 18 in. deep, the maximumfooting width will be less than 5 ft, using 2 × 4 plates for thespecies of lumber commonly used in formwork.Where the size and depth of a footing produce excessive compressionstresses between the pin and the wood in the bottom plate,1- by 4-in. vertical planks can be nailed to the plates, as shown inFigure 8-5, to increase the strength of the joints, or nails can be usedto supplement the strength of the pins.The top view of Figure 8-5 shows that, by starting with long topand bottom plates on opposite sides of the forms, the length of a footingmay be increased while the width remains constant. By addingstrips of plywood, adequately attached to the plates, the forms canquickly be converted to larger sizes. A similar method can be used toincrease both dimensions of a footing. In general, it is better to use theforms for the smallest footings first, and then go to the next largersizes. However, the forms may also be used in the reverse order.Additional Forms for Concrete FootingsThere are many types of forms that can be used for concrete footings,depending on the footing shape, as described in the following sectionsand illustrated in Figures 8-6 through 8-10.Figure 8-6 shows a plan and elevation view that is sometimes usedfor square or rectangular footings whose depths vary from 12 to 36 in.For footing depths up to 24 in., ¾-in. Plyform sheathing is supportedby 2 × 4 studs, spaced at 12 in. center to center. For 36-in.-deep footings,7 ⁄8-in. Plyform with 2 × 4 size lumber is used. The procedure fordetermining the required size of lumber for a particular job applicationis illustrated in previous sections of this chapter and in Chapter 5of this book. The forms should be adequately braced.Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net
206 Chapter EightDownloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.netww.EasyEngineering.nFIGURE 8-6 Forms for large size concrete footings.FIGURE 8-7 Forms for stepped footings.FIGURE 8-8 Forms for a large-diameter job-built round footing.Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net
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120 Chapter FiveExample 5-12Class I
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Formwork for Concrete Structures by R.L.Peurifoy and G.D- By EasyEngineering.net

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