Formwork for Concrete Structures by R.L.Peurifoy and G.D- By EasyEngineering.net

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Guidelines for Safety Requirements for Shoring Concrete Formwork 473
SECTION 1 — DEFINITIONS
1.1 Adjustable Beams — Beams whose length can be varied within predetermined limits.
1.2 Adjustment Screw or Screw Jack*— A load carrying device composed of a threaded screw and an adjusting
handle used for vertical adjustment of shoring and formwork.
1.3 Allowable Load — The ultimate load divided by the factor of safety.
1.4 Base Plate — A device used between post, leg, or screw and foundation to distribute the vertical load.
1.5 Beam — A horizontal structural load bearing member.
1.6 Bracket —• A device used on scaffolds to extend the width of the working platform. Also refers to a member that
projects from a wall or other structure and designed to support a vertical load.
1.7 Clear Span — The distance between facing edges of supports.
1.8 Component — An item used in a shoring system.
1.9 Coupler or Clamp* — A device used for fastening component parts together.
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1.10 Coupling Pin — An insert device used to align lifts or tiers vertically.
1.11 Cross Bracing — A system of members which connect frames or panels of shoring laterally to make a tower
or continuous structure.
1.12 Dead Load (Shoring)—The actual weight of forms, stringers, joists, reinforcing rods, and concrete to be placed.
1.13 Deck Form — A temporary support system consisting of primary load gathering members, joists, and decking
material, all fastened together to form a rigid unit.
1.14 Design Stress (Timber)—Allowable stress for stress-grade lumberconforming to the recommended unit stress
indicated in the tables in the "Wood Structure Design Data Book" by National Forest Products Association
(formerly National Lumber Manufacturers Association), Washington, D.C.
1.15 Extension Device — Any component, other than an adjustment screw, used to obtain vertical adjustment of
shoring towers.
1.16 Factor of Safety or Safety Factor* — The ratio of ultimate load to the imposed load, or, the ratio of the beam
bending load at yield to the load imposed on the beam.
1.17 Failure — Load refusal, breakage, or separation of component parts. Load refusal is the point at which the
ultimate strength is exceeded.
1.18 Flying Deck Forms — A formwork system for floor slabs that is moved in large sections by mechanical
equipment (crane, forklift, etc.)
1.19 Formwork — The total system of support for freshly placed or partially cured concrete including the mold or
sheathing that contacts the concrete as well as all supporting members, hardware, and bracing.
1.20 Foundation — The solid ground or constructed base upon which the shoring or reshoring is supported,
including all underlying ground strata.
1.21 Frame or Panel" — The principal prefabricated, welded structural unit in a tower.
1.22 Horizontal Shoring Beam — Adjustable or fixed length members, either solid or fabricated type, which
spans between supporting members and carry a load.
1.23 Joists — Horizontal members which directly support sheathing.
1.24 Lifts or Tiers* — The number of frames erected in a vertical direction.
1.25 Live Load (Shoring) — The total weight of workers, equipment, buggies, vibrators and other loads that may
exist and move about due to the method of placement, leveling and screeding of the concrete pour.
* These terms, and others so marked, may be used synonymously.
GUIDELINES FOR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SHORING CONCRETE FORMWORK 3
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