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X<br />

Section B<br />

Contents<br />

7 The Functional Groups of Micro-organisms Used<br />

as Bio-indicator on Soil Disturbance Caused<br />

by Biotech Products such as Bacillus thuringiensis<br />

and Bt Transgenic Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121<br />

Galdino Andrade<br />

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121<br />

2 General Aspects of Bacillus thuringiensis . . . . . . . . . . . 122<br />

3 Survival in the Soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123<br />

4 History of Bacillus thuringiensis-Transgenic Plants . . . . . 124<br />

5 Persistence of the Protein Crystal in the Soil . . . . . . . . . 125<br />

6 Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis and Its Bio-insecticide<br />

Protein on Functional Soil Microorganism Assemblage . . . 126<br />

References and Selected Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130<br />

8 The Use of ACC Deaminase-Containing<br />

Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria to Protect Plants<br />

Against the Deleterious Effects of Ethylene . . . . . . . . . 133<br />

Bernard R. Glick and Donna M. Penrose<br />

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133<br />

2 Ethylene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134<br />

3 ACC Deaminase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135<br />

3.1 Treatment of Plants with ACC Deaminase<br />

Containing Bacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137<br />

4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140<br />

References and Selected Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141<br />

9 Interactions Between Epiphyllic Microorganisms<br />

and Leaf Cuticles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145<br />

Lukas Schreiber, Ursula Krimm and Daniel Knoll<br />

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145<br />

2 Physical and Chemical Parameters of the Phyllosphere . . . 147<br />

3 Leaf Surface Colonisation and Species Composition . . . . . 149<br />

4 Alteration of Leaf Surface Wetting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150<br />

5 Interaction of Bacteria with Isolated Plant Cuticles . . . . . 152<br />

6 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153<br />

References and Selected Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

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