Bases epidemiolÃ³gicas - Tuberculosis

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196. Westerholm P, Ahlmark A, Maasing R, Segelberg I. Silicosis and risk of lung cancer or lungtuberculosis: a cohort study. Environ. Res., 1986; 41: 339-50.197. C owie RL. The ep i d e m i o l ogy of tuberculosis in gold miners with silicosis. Am. J. Respir.Crit. Care Med., 1994; 150: 1460-2.198. Kleinschmidt I, Churchyard G. Variation in incidences of tuberculosis in subgroups of SouthAfrican gold miners. Occup. Environ. Med., 1997; 54: 636-41.199. Boucot KR, Dillon ES, Cooper DA, Meier P, Richardson R. Tuberculosis among diabetics.The Philadelphia survey. Am. Rev. Tuberc., 1952; 65: 1-50.200. S i lwer H. Incidence and coincidence of diabetes mellitus and pulmonary tuberculosis in aSwedish county. I. Incidence of diabetes mellitus in a Swedish county. Survey of diabetics inthe county of Kristianstad. Acta Med. Scand., 1958; 161 (suppl 335): 5-22.201. O s c a rsson PN, S i lwer H. Incidence and coincidence of diabetes mellitus and pulmonaryt u b e rculosis in a Swedish county. II. Incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among diabetics. Searchamong diabetics in the county of Kri s t i a n s t a d. Acta Med. Scand. , 1958; 161 (suppl 335): 2 3 - 4 8 .202. Opsahl R, R i dd e rvold HO, Wessel Aas T. Pulmonary tuberculosis in mitral stenosis and diab e t e smellitus. Acta Tuberc. Scand., 1961; 40: 290-6.203. Waaler HT. Height, weight and mort a l i t y. The Norwegian ex p e ri e n c e. Acta Med. Scand. ,1984; (suppl 679): 1-56.204. Pa rker F, J r. ,Ja ckson H, J r. ,Bethea JM, Otis F. Studies of diseases of the lymphoid and mye l o i dtissues. V. The coexistence of tuberculosis with Hodgkin's disease and other fo rms of malignantlymphoma. Am. J. Med. Sci., 1932; 184: 694-9.205. Kaplan MH, Armstrong D, Rosen P. Tuberculosis complicating neoplastic disease. Cancer,1974; 33: 850-8.206. Feld R, B o d ey GP, G r ö s chel D. Mycobacteriosis in patients with malignant disease.Arch. Intern. Med., 1976; 136: 67-70.207. A n d rew OT, S ch o e n feld PY, H o p ewell PC, H u m p h ries MH. Tu b e rculosis in patients withend-stage renal disease. Am J Med 1980;68:59-65.208. Belcon MC, Smith EKM, Kahana LM, S h i muzu AG. Tu b e rculosis in dialysis pat i e n t s .Clin. Nephrol., 1982; 17: 14-8.209. Lundin A P, Adler A J, B e rlyne GM, Friedman EA. Tu b e rculosis in patients undergo i n gmaintenance hemodialysis. Am. J. Med., 1979; 67: 597-602.210. Pradhna RP, Katz LA, Nidus BD, Matalon R, Eisinger RP. Tuberculosis in dialyzed patients.J. Am. Med. Assoc., 1974; 229: 798-800.211. Rutsky EA, Rostand SG. Mycobacteriosis in patients with chronic renal failure. Arch. Intern.Med., 1980; 140: 57-61.212. Sasaki S, Akiba T, Suenaga M, Tomura S, Yoshiyama N, Nakagawa S, et al. Ten years' surveyof dialysis-associated tuberculosis. Nephron., 1979; 24: 141-5.213. Weis Bentzon J. The effect of certain infectious diseases on tuberculin allergy. Tu b e rcl e, 1 9 5 3 ;34: 34-41.- 160 -
214. Mellman W J, Wetton R. Dep ression of the tuberculin reaction by at t e nu ated measles viru svaccine. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 1963; 61: 453-8.215. Flick JA. Does measles really predispose to tuberculosis? (Editorial). Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.,1976; 114: 257-65.216. Snider DE, Jr. Tuberculosis and gastrectomy. (Editorial). Chest., 1985; 87: 414-5.217. Th o rn PA , B ro o kes V S, Waterhouse JAH. Peptic ulcer, p a rtial ga s t re c t o my, and pulmonarytuberculosis. Br. Med. J., 1956; 1: 603-8.218. Snider DE, J r. Jejunoileal bypass for obesity. A risk factor for tuberculosis. (Editorial). Chest,1982; 81: 531-2.219. P i ckleman JR, E vans LS, Kane JM, Fre e a rk RJ. Tu b e rculosis after jejunoileal by p a s s .J. Am. Med. Assoc., 1975; 234: 744.220. B ruce RM, Wise L. Tu b e rculosis after jejunoileal bypass for obesity. Ann. Intern. Med. ,1 9 7 7 ;87: 574-6.221. Lurie MB. Role of adrenal cortex in native resistance. In: Lurie MB, editors. Resistance tot u b e rc u l o s i s : ex p e rimental studies in nat ive and acquired defense mechansisms. Edition 1.Cambridge, Massachussetts: Harvard University Press, 1964: 244-64.222. H o rne NW. A critical eva l u ation of cort i c o s t e roids in tuberculosis. A dv. Tu b e rc. Res., 1 9 6 6 ;1 5 : 1 - 5 4 .223. Haanaes OC, B e rgmann A. Tu b e rculosis emerging in patients tre ated with cort i c o s t e ro i d s .Eur. J. Respir. Dis., 1983; 64: 294-7.224. S ch atz M, Pat t e rson R, Kloner R, Falk J. The prevalence of tuberculosis and positive tuberc u l i nskin tests in a steroid-treated asthmatic population. Ann. Intern. Med., 1976; 84: 261-5.225. S myllie HC, C o n n o l ly CK. Incidence of serious complications of cort i c o s t e roid therapy inre s p i rat o ry disease. A re t ro s p e c t ive survey of patients at Brompton Hospital. Th o ra x , 1968; 23:571-81.226. Youmans GP,Youmans A S. The effect of hormonal prep a rations on the surv ival of mice injectedintravenously with virulent, attenuated, and avirulent mycobacteria. Am. Rev. Tuberc., 1954;69: 790-6.227. Ruml D, Haelig AW. Activation of tuberculosis during prednisone therapy. Am. Rev. Tuberc.Pulm. Dis., 1957; 76: 140-3.228. Millar JW, Horne NW. Tuberculosis in immunosuppressed patients. Lancet, 1979; 1: 1176-8.229. A m e rican A c a d e my of Pe d i at ri c s , C e n t e rs for Disease Contro l , A m e rican Th o racic Society.Control of tuberculosis in the United States. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 1992; 146: 1623-33.230. Snider DE, Jr. Pregnancy and tuberculosis. (Editorial). Chest, 1984; 86 (suppl): 10s-3s.231. S ch wabe KH, Dobstadt HP. Lunge n t u b e rkulose und Sch wa n ge rs chaft. Beitr Klin Tu b e rk ,1966; 131: 75-96.2 3 2 . R at cl i fe HL, Palladino V S. Tu b e rculosis induced by droplet nu clei infection. Initial homoge n o u sresponse of small mammals (rat s , m i c e, guinea pigs, and hamsters) to human and to bov i n eb a c i l l i , and the rate and pat t e rn of tubercle development. J. Exp. Med. , 1953; 97: 6 1 - 8 .- 161 -
Page 1 and 2:
Bases epidemiológicasdel control d
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ContenidoPrefacio..................
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Otras afecciones ..................
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PrefacioSe puede lograr un control
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AgradecimientosEl autor desea expre
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IntroducciónLa ep i d e m i o l og
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CAPÍTULO IExposición al bacilo tu
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Densidad de la poblaciónLa densida
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En este caso, dos generaciones se e
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CAPÍTULO 2Infección con el bacilo
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Figura 5. Tiempo de evaporación de
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de llegar a los alvéolos [23]. Por
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IntimoCasualIntimoCasualBaciloscopi
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fuente de contagio. Los sujetos que
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Figura 11. Correlación entre porce
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A comienzos del siglo XX, von Pirqu
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preparación se guarda en Copenhagu
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No contactoContactointermedioContac
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Figura 17. Distribución de frecuen
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Figura 20. Frecuencia de las reacci
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TanzaniaDjiboutiInduración (mm)Fig
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5 años de edad. Poco tiempo despu
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determinar la prevalencia de la inf
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puede ser interp retada ra zo n abl
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Figura 31. Relación hombre-mujer e
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Figura 34. P revalencia específica
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Figura 37. F recuencia de reaccione
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como la prevalencia son ex p resado
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Figura 38. Tendencias del riesgo an
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Figura 41. Tendencias del riesgo an
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Figura 43. Estimación de la preval
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Figura 45. Estimación de la preval
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ejemplos los casos son de tuberculo
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En los países donde el manejo de l
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Figura 49. F a c t o res de riesgo
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Figura 52. Incidencia de la tubercu
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[141], han arrojado alguna luz sobr
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Figura 55. E volución clínica e i
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gru p o p l a c eb o , no trat a d
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SexoParece ser que existe una difer
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Figura 60. Incidencia de la tubercu
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m i c o b a c t e rias ambientales
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Drogadicción por vía endovenosaR
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Un estudio detallado de los factore
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Tratamiento con corticoesteroidesLa
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son pro b ablemente de importancia
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sobre la morbilidad consecutiva a l
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una atención particular para focal
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Sin embargo la tasa de disminución
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Häro analizó la morbilidad de la
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Figura 72. Tasas de declaración de
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Figura 75. Incidencia estimada de t
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más elevada en los hombres que en
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[112]. Es evidente que los indicado
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Figura 82. Porcentaje anual promedi
Page 112 and 113: ápidamente en el mismo período de
Page 114 and 115: D ebido a múltiples obstáculos, e
Page 116 and 117: Figura 89. Tasa de incidencia de tu
Page 118 and 119: ● Reactivación endógena de una
Page 120 and 121: siguientes: [335]: primero, la tube
Page 122 and 123: epidemia de tuberculosis en ciertas
Page 124 and 125: Figura 95. Número de casos de tube
Page 126 and 127: Figura 98. Casos declarados de tube
Page 128 and 129: t u b e rculosis pri m a ria ap o r
Page 130 and 131: espera que la infección con el VIH
Page 132 and 133: la tuberculosis aumentará en 50 a
Page 134 and 135: tuberculosis. La forma de la tuberc
Page 136 and 137: Figura 104. Proporción de casos de
Page 138 and 139: Figura 106. Tasas de mortalidad por
Page 140 and 141: Figura 108. Tasas de mortalidad por
Page 142 and 143: La OMS ha dado estimaciones sobre l
Page 144 and 145: Cuadro 3. Resumen de la epidemiolog
Page 146 and 147: Teóricamente, la incidencia de la
Page 148 and 149: a contribuir al mantenimiento de la
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Page 152 and 153: 18. Loudon RG, R o b e rts RM. Drop
Page 154 and 155: 55. Koch R. Ueber bacteriologische
Page 156 and 157: 189. Rust P, Thomas J. A method for
Page 158 and 159: 123. Lotte A, Uzan J. Evolution of
Page 160 and 161: 159. Rieder HL. Tu b e rculosis in
Page 164 and 165: 233. B a rnett GD, G r z y b owski
Page 166 and 167: 266. Rieder HL, Cauthen GM, Ke l ly
Page 168 and 169: 301. C e n t e rs for Disease Contr
Page 170 and 171: 335. Pitchenik AE, Cole C,Russell B
Page 172 and 173: 366. Espinal MA, R e i n gold A L ,
Page 174 and 175: 403. S a rt well PE, M o s e l ey C
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