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GUINEA is a populous country (population 7.4 million in 1999) of West Africa, facing the Atlantic Ocean between Guinea Bissau and Sierra Leone. The majority of the population lives on a hot, humid coastal plain, where rice and other crops are grown. There is a central mountainous region and a drier northeastern area where maize and similar crops are cultivated. Arable land is 2.5% of the total (246,000 km 2 ). Nearly 90% of the workforce is agricultural, yet agriculture makes up only 24% of the GDP. General information • GNI per capita PPP$, 2000: 1,930 • Internal renewable water resources: 226 km 3 • Incoming water flow: none • Main food consumed: rice, roots and tubers, oil and fat, fruits, vegetables • Rice consumption, 1999: 62.1 kg milled rice per person per year Production constraints The following are the major constraints to sustainable rice production in Guinea: • Drought in upland areas and drought and flash flood in rainfed lowland (or inland swamp) and tidal wetland (or mangrove) areas because of irregular weather • Inadequate and irregular input supplies: seeds, fertilizer, and credit • Lack of small farm equipment, especially for postharvest operations • Poor maintenance of developed swamps • Poor drainage, iron toxicity in undeveloped swamps • Lack of effective farmers’ organizations and cooperatives • Poor road networks and marketing systems • Inadequate land tenure status Production season Planting Harvesting Main season Apr-Jun Sep-Nov Off-season Dec-Feb Apr-Jun 168 Rice almanac
Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500 80 Calorie share Protein share 400 Production Area Yield 60 300 40 200 20 100 0 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 1999 Share of calories and protein from rice, 1966-99 0 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2000 Indices of rice production, area, and yield, 1966-2000 Kg/capita 500 400 300 200 100 0 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 1999 Per capita production (paddy terms), 1966-99 Percent 100 80 Exports 60 40 20 0 –20 –40 –60 Imports –80 –100 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 1999 Net trade status, 1966-99 Basic statistics, Guinea 1985 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 Rice Area harvested (ha) 510,000 436,209 438,403 503,017 500,000 500,000 Yield (t/ha) 0.7 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 Production (t) 380,000 423,821 630,511 763,955 750,000 750,000 Rice imports (t) 70,000 182,158 290,750 159,000 240,000 na Others Population, total (×10 3 ) 4,987 5,755 7,153 7,337 7,360 na Population, agriculture (×10 3 ) 4,441 5,018 6,123 6,205 6,198 na Agricultural area (×10 3 ha) 11,895 12,016 12,183 8,233 na na Irrigated agricultural area (×10 3 ha) 90 90 93 95 na na Total fertilizer consumption (t) 360 1,161 5,106 3,284 na na Tractors used in agric. (no.) 220 350 500 542 na na Source: FAOSTAT online database. Rice around the world 169
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Third Edition Source Book for the M
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Contents Foreword v Acknowledgments
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Foreword The first edition of the R
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The facts of rice Production Rice f
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Transplanting is the planting of 1-
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Ecogeographic differentiation Indic
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Table 3. World rice area, yield, an
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from working on these farms. In the
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The rice plant and its ecology Morp
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Flag leaf blade Axis Spikelet (flor
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Table 1. Typical profile of a flood
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Korea 8 CHINA 8 5 6 Japan 5 PAKISTA
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growth duration (around 100 d), gre
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and high levels of exchangeable Al.
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In these environments, rice yields
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insects, spiders, and microorganism
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Predator movements between habitats
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Wolf spiders feed on a range of ins
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terraces of the northern Philippine
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precursors of vitamin A—beta-caro
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Hybrid breeding has also begun with
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UV radiation effects UV-B radiation
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year, was actually less than 19 mil
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herbicide was present, these select
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2. Water-limited production. 3. Wat
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tive mechanisms of the three intern
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Integrated Natural Resource Managem
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evaluate prototype technologies for
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eaches of river systems, in which a
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to be combined in a coherent and co
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natural resource base. To fulfill t
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objectives are to focus rice-sector
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Drying rice in southern Vietnam. sc
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Table 1. Production and consumption
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Table 3. Population growth versus r
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Table 4. Comparison of domestic ric
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Rice in Europe and the Mediterranea
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flooding the rice field to stimulat
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Rice in North America Rice in North
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Large-scale mechanized rice farmers
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Rice in Latin America and the Carib
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Experimental rice plots in Uruguay.
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Table 1. Production, consumption, a
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occur only by shifting out of other
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The top 10 rice-producing countries
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eastern, and south-central areas, w
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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The Rajasthan desert extending west
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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malnutrition among children age 2-5
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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Recent developments in the rice sec
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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in 1999 and grew at 0.9%/yr during
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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country. This is because rice has e
Page 122 and 123: Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
Page 124 and 125: incidence of malnutrition among chi
Page 128 and 129: consumption of cassava. Rice suppli
Page 132 and 133: AFGHANISTAN is a landlocked country
Page 134 and 135: ARGENTINA extends down the Atlantic
Page 136 and 137: The island continent of AUSTRALIA i
Page 138 and 139: BHUTAN, surrounded by India and Chi
Page 140 and 141: BOLIVIA is a landlocked country of
Page 142 and 143: BURKINA FASO, previously Upper Volt
Page 144 and 145: CAMBODIA lies between 10° and 15°
Page 146 and 147: CAMEROON is a West African nation b
Page 148 and 149: The Republic of CHAD is a landlocke
Page 150 and 151: COLOMBIA faces both the Pacific Oce
Page 152 and 153: The Democratic Republic of the CONG
Page 154 and 155: CÔTE D’IVOIRE is centrally locat
Page 156 and 157: CUBA is the main island of the Cuba
Page 158 and 159: The DOMINICAN REPUBLIC occupies an
Page 160 and 161: ECUADOR, on the tropical Pacific co
Page 162 and 163: EGYPT, a large nation of 1 million
Page 164 and 165: FRANCE, in western Europe, consists
Page 166 and 167: The GAMBIA is a very small tropical
Page 168 and 169: The Republic of GHANA, a small (240
Page 170 and 171: GREECE, in the eastern Mediterranea
Page 174 and 175: GUINEA BISSAU is a tiny (36,000 km
Page 176 and 177: GUYANA, a small country, with 215,0
Page 178 and 179: IRAN is a Middle Eastern country bo
Page 180 and 181: ITALY is the main rice-producing co
Page 182 and 183: KOREA DPR occupies the northern par
Page 184 and 185: REPUBLIC OF KOREA, occupying the so
Page 186 and 187: Lao PDR is an elongated, landlocked
Page 188 and 189: LIBERIA, whose coast is known as th
Page 190 and 191: MADAGASCAR, a large island east of
Page 192 and 193: MALAYSIA consists of a peninsula, b
Page 194 and 195: MALI, one of the larger West Africa
Page 196 and 197: MAURITANIA is a large West African
Page 198 and 199: MEXICO, at the southern end of Nort
Page 200 and 201: MOZAMBIQUE extends nearly 2,500 km
Page 202 and 203: NEPAL is a small (141,000 km 2 ) co
Page 204 and 205: NICARAGUA, a small country of 130,0
Page 206 and 207: NIGER is one of the larger Central
Page 208 and 209: NIGERIA is the most populous countr
Page 210 and 211: PAKISTAN, a South Asian country fac
Page 212 and 213: PARAGUAY, a relatively small landlo
Page 214 and 215: PERU faces the Pacific Ocean on the
Page 216 and 217: PORTUGAL, the westernmost country o
Page 218 and 219: The RUSSIAN FEDERATION in northern
Page 220 and 221: SENEGAL is a West African country f
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SIERRA LEONE, between Guinea and Li
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SPAIN, in southwestern Europe, has
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SRI LANKA, a small island at the so
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SURINAME is a small Latin American
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TANZANIA is a large country between
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TURKEY, a diverse land of 780,000 k
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The UNITED STATES, occupying the ce
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URUGUAY, a relatively small South A
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VENEZUELA forms part of the norther
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Rice-related databases Inquiries ca
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7. Name: RICE ECOSYSTEMS Location:
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22. Name: NURSERIES Location: CIAT
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37. Name: PERIO Location: WARDA Lib
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52. Name: IR64 MUTANT DATABASE Loca
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India Indonesia Japan 1 quintal = 1
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Egypt Ghana Guyana Malawi Mexico Pa
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Rice facts Freshwater resources per
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Rice facts RICE PRODUCTION Selected
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