Maclean et al. - 2002 - Rice almanac source book for the most important e

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SURINAME is a small Latin American country bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between French Guiana and Guyana, with an area of 163,000 km 2 . It consists of swampy coastal plains where rice, sugarcane, and other crops are grown, and tropical forest on inland hills. The population in 1999 was 415,000. There is little arable land; bauxite mining dominates the economy. However, agriculture accounted for 13% of the GDP in 1998; it occupied 21% of the workforce in 1996. General information • GNI per capita PPP$, 2000: 3,480 • Internal renewable water resources: 200 km 3 • Main food consumed: rice, wheat, sugar and honey, oil and fat, meat • Rice consumption, 1999: 77.9 kg year per person Production season Planting Harvesting Main season Jan-Feb Apr-May Production constraints There are several constraints to sustainable rice production in Suriname: • Unfavorable government policy, especially on input supply, milling, price control, and taxation of exports • Blast • Weed and red rice competition • Degradation of irrigation infrastructure • Yield potential of current varieties has reached a plateau 224 Rice almanac
Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500 80 Calorie share Protein share 400 Production Area Yield 60 300 40 200 20 100 0 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 1999 Share of calories and protein from rice, 1966-99 0 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2000 Indices of rice production, area, and yield, 1966-2000 Kg/capita 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 19961999 Per capita production (paddy terms), 1966-99 The scale on this graph is not comparable with the scale on per capita production graphs for most other countries. Percent 100 80 60 40 20 Exports 0 –20 Imports –40 –60 –80 –100 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 1999 Net trade status, 1966-99 Basic statistics, Suriname 1985 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 Rice Area harvested (ha) 74,890 52,005 60,000 54,000 50,000 50,000 Yield (t/ha) 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.5 3.6 3.5 Production (t) 299,185 196,010 242,000 188,400 180,300 175,000 Rice imports (t) 0 0 0 80 110 na Rice exports (t) 137,735 66,650 79,329 84,100 71,300 na Others Population, total (×10 3 ) 384 402 409 414 415 na Population, agriculture (×10 3 ) 86 85 82 80 80 na Agricultural area (×10 3 ha) 81 88 89 88 na na Irrigated agricultural area (×10 3 ha) 4 5 4 7 4 9 4 9 na na Total fertilizer consumption (t) 11,658 1,000 4,300 5,500 na na Tractors used in agric. (no.) 1,202 1,290 1,330 1,330 na na Source: FAOSTAT online database. Rice around the world 225
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Third Edition Source Book for the M
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Contents Foreword v Acknowledgments
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Foreword The first edition of the R
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The facts of rice Production Rice f
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Transplanting is the planting of 1-
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Ecogeographic differentiation Indic
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Table 3. World rice area, yield, an
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from working on these farms. In the
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The rice plant and its ecology Morp
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Flag leaf blade Axis Spikelet (flor
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Table 1. Typical profile of a flood
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Korea 8 CHINA 8 5 6 Japan 5 PAKISTA
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growth duration (around 100 d), gre
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and high levels of exchangeable Al.
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In these environments, rice yields
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insects, spiders, and microorganism
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Predator movements between habitats
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Wolf spiders feed on a range of ins
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terraces of the northern Philippine
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precursors of vitamin A—beta-caro
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Hybrid breeding has also begun with
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UV radiation effects UV-B radiation
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year, was actually less than 19 mil
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herbicide was present, these select
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2. Water-limited production. 3. Wat
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tive mechanisms of the three intern
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Integrated Natural Resource Managem
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evaluate prototype technologies for
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eaches of river systems, in which a
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to be combined in a coherent and co
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natural resource base. To fulfill t
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objectives are to focus rice-sector
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Drying rice in southern Vietnam. sc
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Table 1. Production and consumption
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Table 3. Population growth versus r
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Table 4. Comparison of domestic ric
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Rice in Europe and the Mediterranea
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flooding the rice field to stimulat
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Rice in North America Rice in North
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Large-scale mechanized rice farmers
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Rice in Latin America and the Carib
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Experimental rice plots in Uruguay.
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Table 1. Production, consumption, a
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occur only by shifting out of other
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The top 10 rice-producing countries
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eastern, and south-central areas, w
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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The Rajasthan desert extending west
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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malnutrition among children age 2-5
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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Recent developments in the rice sec
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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in 1999 and grew at 0.9%/yr during
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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country. This is because rice has e
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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incidence of malnutrition among chi
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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consumption of cassava. Rice suppli
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Percent 100 Index (1966 = 100) 500
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AFGHANISTAN is a landlocked country
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ARGENTINA extends down the Atlantic
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The island continent of AUSTRALIA i
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BHUTAN, surrounded by India and Chi
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BOLIVIA is a landlocked country of
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BURKINA FASO, previously Upper Volt
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CAMBODIA lies between 10° and 15°
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CAMEROON is a West African nation b
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The Republic of CHAD is a landlocke
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COLOMBIA faces both the Pacific Oce
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The Democratic Republic of the CONG
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CÔTE D’IVOIRE is centrally locat
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CUBA is the main island of the Cuba
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The DOMINICAN REPUBLIC occupies an
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ECUADOR, on the tropical Pacific co
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EGYPT, a large nation of 1 million
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FRANCE, in western Europe, consists
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The GAMBIA is a very small tropical
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The Republic of GHANA, a small (240
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GREECE, in the eastern Mediterranea
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GUINEA is a populous country (popul
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GUINEA BISSAU is a tiny (36,000 km
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GUYANA, a small country, with 215,0
Page 178 and 179: IRAN is a Middle Eastern country bo
Page 180 and 181: ITALY is the main rice-producing co
Page 182 and 183: KOREA DPR occupies the northern par
Page 184 and 185: REPUBLIC OF KOREA, occupying the so
Page 186 and 187: Lao PDR is an elongated, landlocked
Page 188 and 189: LIBERIA, whose coast is known as th
Page 190 and 191: MADAGASCAR, a large island east of
Page 192 and 193: MALAYSIA consists of a peninsula, b
Page 194 and 195: MALI, one of the larger West Africa
Page 196 and 197: MAURITANIA is a large West African
Page 198 and 199: MEXICO, at the southern end of Nort
Page 200 and 201: MOZAMBIQUE extends nearly 2,500 km
Page 202 and 203: NEPAL is a small (141,000 km 2 ) co
Page 204 and 205: NICARAGUA, a small country of 130,0
Page 206 and 207: NIGER is one of the larger Central
Page 208 and 209: NIGERIA is the most populous countr
Page 210 and 211: PAKISTAN, a South Asian country fac
Page 212 and 213: PARAGUAY, a relatively small landlo
Page 214 and 215: PERU faces the Pacific Ocean on the
Page 216 and 217: PORTUGAL, the westernmost country o
Page 218 and 219: The RUSSIAN FEDERATION in northern
Page 220 and 221: SENEGAL is a West African country f
Page 222 and 223: SIERRA LEONE, between Guinea and Li
Page 224 and 225: SPAIN, in southwestern Europe, has
Page 226 and 227: SRI LANKA, a small island at the so
Page 230 and 231: TANZANIA is a large country between
Page 232 and 233: TURKEY, a diverse land of 780,000 k
Page 234 and 235: The UNITED STATES, occupying the ce
Page 236 and 237: URUGUAY, a relatively small South A
Page 238 and 239: VENEZUELA forms part of the norther
Page 240 and 241: Rice-related databases Inquiries ca
Page 242 and 243: 7. Name: RICE ECOSYSTEMS Location:
Page 244 and 245: 22. Name: NURSERIES Location: CIAT
Page 246 and 247: 37. Name: PERIO Location: WARDA Lib
Page 248 and 249: 52. Name: IR64 MUTANT DATABASE Loca
Page 250 and 251: India Indonesia Japan 1 quintal = 1
Page 252 and 253: Egypt Ghana Guyana Malawi Mexico Pa
Page 254 and 255: Rice facts Freshwater resources per
Page 256 and 257: Rice facts RICE PRODUCTION Selected
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