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Associated Press. 15 February 2012. “Tunisia: A Request for American Help.” Astrubal. 3 January 2011. “Campagne de piratage des comptes Facebook par la police tunisienne.” Nawaat.org. Barrouhi, Abdelaziz. 30 January – 5 February 2011. “Tunisie: L’Homme Qui A Dit Non.” Jeune Afrique. BBC News. 7 March 2011. “Tunisia Interim Leaders Dissolve Secret Police Agency.” Bellin, Eva. 1995. “Civil Society in Formation: Tunisia,” in Norton, A R. Civil Society in the Middle East, Volume 1. 120–147. Brill Academic Publishers. Carey, Glen and Vivian Salama. 21 October 2011. “Middle East Leaders Address Unemployment in Arab Spring Wake.” Bloomberg Businessweek. http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-10-21/middle-east-leaders-addressunemployment-in-arab-spring-wake.html Cesari, Jocelyne. 29 August 2011. “Understanding Religions in Domestic and International Politics.” Politics in the Name of G-d: From Christian Militantism to Radical Islam. SAIS, Washington, DC Lecture. Churchill, Erik. 27 October 2011. “Tunisia’s Electoral Lesson: The Importance of Campaign Strategy.” The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. http://carnegieendowment.org/2011/10/27/tunisia-s-electoral-lesson-importanceof-campaign-strategy/6b7g. CIA World Factbook: Algeria. Last Updated February 8, 2012. Accessed at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ag.html CIA World Factbook: Egypt. Last Updated February 8, 2012. Accessed at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/eg.html CIA World Factbook: Libya. Last Updated February 8, 2012. Accessed at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ly.html CIA World Factbook: Morocco. Last Updated February 8, 2012. Accessed at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mo.html CIA World Factbook: Tunisia. Last Updated February 13, 2012. Accessed at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ts.html Collins, Nicholas. 2011. “Voices of a Revolution: Conversations with Tunisia’s Youth.” National Democratic Institute. Accessed 14 April 2012 at http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADU912.pdf. 222
Cook, Steven A. 20 January 2011. “The Calculations of Tunisia’s Military.” The Middle East Channel. Accessed at: http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/01/20/the_calculations_of_tunisias_ military Daoud, Zakya. 1990. “Chronique Tunisienne.” Annuaire de l’Afrique du Nord 1989. Paris: CNRS. Dégage: la Révolution Tunisienne. 2011. Tunis, Tunisia: Editions du Layer. Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House, Inc. 9 December 2011. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/revolution. Ennahdha Movement Programme for Freedom, Justice and Development in Tunisia. September 2011. Espace Manager. 17 February 2012. “La Tunisie demande un appui logistique auprès des Etats-Unis.” Accessed at: http://www.espacemanager.com/politique/la-tunisiedemande-un-appui-logistique-aupres-des-etats-unis.html Exum, Andrew and J. Dana Stuser. 16 February 2012. “Police Reform & Reforming Police.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Foss, Daniel A. and Ralph W. Larkin. 1986. Beyond Revolution: A New Theory of Social Movements. South Hadley, MA: Bergin & Garvey. Print. Gaaloul, Badra. 3 November 2011. “Back to the Barracks: The Tunisian Army Post- Revolution.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Accessed at: http://carnegieendowment.org/2011/11/03/back-to-barracks-tunisian-army-postrevolution/6lxg Ghali, Amine. 9 December 2011. “Tunisia’s Constitutional Process: The Road Ahead.” Carnegie Endowment of International Peace. Accessed at: http://carnegieendowment.org/sada/2011/12/09/tunisia-s-constitutional-processroad-ahead/870m?solr_hilite=Tunisia Ghannouchi, Rachid, and Radwan Masmoudi (introduction). 9 March 2012. “Secularism and Relation between Religion and the State from the Perspective of the Nahdha Party.” Center for the Study of Islam and Democracy (CSID). Speech. Goldstein, Eric. 17 February 2011. “Dismantling the Machine of Oppression.” Wall Street Journal. 223
Page 1:
Johns Hopkins University School for
Page 7 and 8:
Acknowledgements We are most gratef
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List of Acronyms AKP Adalet ve Kalk
Page 12 and 13:
xii
Page 14 and 15:
proposed goal (as in the previous e
Page 16 and 17:
democracy is a continual testing pr
Page 19 and 20:
What’s in a Revolution? The timin
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limited to Tunisia, these vivid dep
Page 23 and 24:
political system before any of the
Page 25:
discontent of so many in Tunisia wh
Page 28 and 29:
eality,” signified by Tunisian pe
Page 30 and 31:
mantra sparked the Kasbah sit-ins r
Page 32 and 33:
in early January of 2011, you would
Page 34 and 35:
independence from the Ottoman Empir
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ack to the 1970s (SAIS Group Meetin
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Two Tunisias: How A Revolution Whic
Page 41 and 42:
continued to cite statistics claimi
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inequality were most severe. Combat
Page 45 and 46:
in government could drop precipitou
Page 47:
for bold political leadership in Tu
Page 50 and 51:
History of Secularism in Tunisia In
Page 52 and 53:
1) Freedom to form and to join orga
Page 54 and 55:
Source: Stepan, Alfred C. “Religi
Page 56 and 57:
terms of campaigning, the political
Page 58 and 59:
that in practice many people who es
Page 60 and 61:
Short-term • Secular parties must
Page 63 and 64:
Islamism and Laïcité in the Tunis
Page 65 and 66:
girl, a high-achieving student at h
Page 67 and 68:
laws are either supported directly
Page 69 and 70:
and she argues that he, like many s
Page 71 and 72:
during exams, preventing other stud
Page 73 and 74:
Constituent Assembly should keep th
Page 75 and 76:
Women’s Rights in Tunisia: A “N
Page 77 and 78:
dismiss the question as a non-issue
Page 79 and 80:
In immediate post-revolutionary Tun
Page 81 and 82:
Others express concern about the va
Page 83 and 84:
something every Tunisian boy does n
Page 85 and 86:
Mr. Ghannouchi is equally surprised
Page 87 and 88:
Mr. Hedri showed concern over the l
Page 89:
has occurred in response to politic
Page 93 and 94:
The Post-Transition Constitutional
Page 95 and 96:
Theoretical Literature While there
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Tunisian Case Following Ben Ali’s
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parties. With the internal arrangem
Page 101 and 102:
issues of unemployment, reduced cor
Page 103 and 104:
Recommendations • NCA and politic
Page 105 and 106:
Political Party Development Amy Ham
Page 107 and 108:
experience and expertise, will be k
Page 109 and 110:
with Laryssa Chomiak, SAIS group me
Page 111 and 112:
epresented a complete departure fro
Page 113 and 114:
To some extent, the focus on the qu
Page 115 and 116:
• Enhance the legitimacy and enfo
Page 117 and 118:
Ennahdha and the Salafis Roberta Lu
Page 119 and 120:
The trial against Nabil Karoui, the
Page 121 and 122:
Some Possible Explanations The hesi
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the salafist movement Al-Salafiya A
Page 125 and 126:
violence, to lay the bases for a ne
Page 127 and 128:
Tunisian Civil Society Before and A
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Bourguiba,” Bellin points out,
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nip in the bud any challenges to pa
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“training-of-trainers” (ToT) ev
Page 135 and 136:
The focus of civil society groups i
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economic development in Tunisia. Th
Page 139 and 140:
The Tunisian Youth Fallout: A Look
Page 141 and 142:
that they found voting to be the mo
Page 143 and 144:
head (Dégage, 2011). It should the
Page 145 and 146:
graduates are unemployed (SAIS Grou
Page 147 and 148:
to participate as a citizen in a de
Page 149 and 150:
are rumored to consist only of 3,00
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Medium-term • At some point, the
Page 153 and 154:
Part III: Security, Justice and Eco
Page 155 and 156:
The Role of the Military in Post-Be
Page 157 and 158:
insufficient to prevent the demonst
Page 159 and 160:
disruptions during voting, the tota
Page 161 and 162:
This is in sharp contrast to the mi
Page 163 and 164:
Recommendations While the military
Page 165 and 166:
Internal Security and Reform in Tun
Page 167 and 168:
The Implements of Repression There
Page 169 and 170:
undesirable organizations, stifle d
Page 171 and 172:
evolution, many police, especially
Page 173 and 174:
A Way Forward: Policy Reforms At pr
Page 175 and 176:
Transitional Justice and National R
Page 177 and 178:
Those released therefore included p
Page 179 and 180:
The current situation in many ways
Page 181 and 182:
circulating that the informal strik
Page 183 and 184: the commercial interests of the ban
Page 185 and 186: and clear limits to police behavior
Page 187 and 188: Addressing Unemployment Rebekah Cha
Page 189 and 190: The forecasting is based on the ass
Page 191 and 192: of its revolution. This has had a c
Page 193 and 194: Boosting the Tourism Sector The tou
Page 195 and 196: absorb all of the university gradua
Page 197 and 198: language and technology skills, whi
Page 199 and 200: Understanding Unemployment in Tunis
Page 201 and 202: ather than shifts from low to high
Page 203 and 204: Figure 2: Unemployment by age and e
Page 205 and 206: the Tunisian economy. Thus, creatin
Page 207 and 208: • Encourage entrepreneurship: Tra
Page 209 and 210: U.S. Assistance in Tunisia Cody Die
Page 211 and 212: cultural differences that may inhib
Page 213 and 214: the Constitutional Assembly in Tuni
Page 215 and 216: order to receive these funds over o
Page 217 and 218: and access to jobs in Libya for Tun
Page 219 and 220: Conclusion P. Terrence Hopmann The
Page 221 and 222: the domination of the salafis and o
Page 223 and 224: well educated, but under or unemplo
Page 225 and 226: persons, a huge contingent for such
Page 227 and 228: List of Interviewees Washington DC,
Page 229 and 230: • Salah Bourjini, former division
Page 231 and 232: • Ahmed Ibrahim, Secretary of the
Page 233: Bibliography Abouzeid, Rania. 21 Ja
Page 237 and 238: Le Monde. 25 January 2011. “Tunis
Page 239 and 240: Silver, Vernon. 12 December 2011.
Page 241: World Bank. 2004. “Dynamique de L
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