Holocaust in Romania - Corvinus Library - Hungarian History

4. The Ro ma nian pub lic ac cepted fas cist ideas only spo rad i callyand tem po rarily, and the meth ods of fas cism even less so.In greater detail:1. According to their status, the sovereign states which accepted, orwere forced to accept the “new European order”, can be placed in twodifferent categories:a) Militarily occupied states; among them, France, Belgium, Holland,Norway, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece, Poland,Belorussia, the Ukraine, and later Italy (from September 1943), andHungary (from March 19, 1944).b) States under Ger man po lit i cal in flu ence: Ro ma nia, Finland and Bul -garia (Den mark was some where be tween these two categories).In the states listed in the first category, national-socialism was able tointroduce measures directly, which were carried out by its owncollaborating authorities, or by national bodies under the control of, orfinanced by the Gestapo. No agreement whatsoever was required for theexecution of deportation and extermination campaigns, such measurescould not be met with any resistence. The pogrom was carried out withoutdelay, postponement or hesitation, and without mercy. Thanks to braveindividual efforts, widely and benevolently supported by nationalresistance campaigns, there were some exceptions. In Italy and Hungarythe persecution of Jews took on more restrained and milder forms at first,and turned into mass executions only following actual German militaryoccupation.Ro ma nia and Bulgaria were almost vas sals under Ger man po lit i cal in flu -ence. However, they re tained a certain ve neer of sov er eignty, and were ableto show resistence in eco nomic and ra cial policy spheres. At times theywere even granted concessions in matters of ra cial policy in return for eco -nomic con ces sions. Con se quently, the per se cu tion and ex ter mi na tion ofJews in Ro ma nia was re stricted to Ro ma nian ini tia tives, with the Ger mansin ter ven ing only oc ca sion ally. That these reached extreme proportions andled to mourn ful results is due, on the one hand, to two decades of the psy -cho log i cal prep a ra tion of a sick generation, sup ported in its wan der ings by152