Holocaust in Romania - Corvinus Library - Hungarian History

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As the Ro ma nian and German units ad vanced be tween June 22 and July30, 1941 in Bucovina and Bessarabia, almost the entire Jewish populationliving in villages was executed. In Noua Suliata 800 peo ple were killed; inHerta 100 hos tages were killed and buried in three mass-graves; in Ciudeithe entire Jew ish pop u la tion was ex ter mi nated (approx. 500 peo ple); inVijnita 21; in Rostochi 140; in Edineti 500, in Vascauti 20; in Harbova all10 Jews; in Banila pe Siret “only” a few were killed, but they were cut topieces so that the axles of carts could be smeared with their blood; inHlinita and Drosnita 90% of the Jew ish pop u la tion was killed; in Parlit 10Jews were murdered under cir cum stances so hor ri fy ing that even the Ger -man army were shocked, and lodged a com plaint 8with the Ro ma nianChiefs of Staff; in Briceni and Lipcani the num ber of murdered could notbe calculated; in Teura Noua 50 Jews were killed in cir cum stances thatcaused the German army to protest again 9 ; in Cotman 10 Jews (in clud ingthe rabbi); in Lipcauti 40 were killed; in Ceplauti the en tire Jew ish pop u la -tion of 180 was ex ter mi nated; in Zoniachie 139; in Rapujinet 37; inMarculesti first 18 (in clud ing the rabbi), and two days later 600 Jews weremurdered. 10In the towns there large-scale mass-murders were performed with extremebrutality. In Storojineti , on the day of occupation (July 3), 300 Jews werekilled, two days later 15 more; in Chernovitz on the day it was occupiedJuly 6) more than 2,000 Jews were killed, a further 300 were shot dead twodays later, as was the chief rabbi; in Hotin Jews lived on the outskirts, and4 Re port No.4457 of the Third Of fice of the Gen dar merie in Iasi—dated July 6—sent to the Cen tral Su per in ten dency of the Gen -dar merie.5 Re port No.1324 dated July 4, 1941, from the Gen dar merie Le -gion of Ro ma nia to the Cen tral Su per in ten dency of the Gen dar -merie.6 Min utes com piled by Sub-Lieu ten ant Triandaf Aurel, the com -mander of the train, and of the lo cal civil and mil i tary au thor i ties inCalarasi on July 6, 1941.7 Ibid.22
on the first day of the occupation of the town (July 7) almost every Jew wasmurdered (approx. 2,000 people). Massacres still continued in the townfor three more days.On July 17, in Kishinev, alongside the two roads on which the Romanianarmy forced its way into the town, more than 10,000 Jews were killed.On July 11, in Balti , which had been occupied on June 9,10 Jewishhostages were shot dead by the Gestapo; on July 15 another 56, along withall the elders of the religious community; on July 16, 20 more hostageswere murdered.8 The pro test was dated July 14, 1941, and signed by the Gen eralChief of Staff of the XI Ger man Army. It was for warded by Ru ma -nian Gen eral Head quar ters to the judge of the mil i tary tri bu nalun der or der 1665/B of July 19, 1941.The pro test, which in cluded the re ports of wit nesses and that ofthe Ger man mil i tary se cret po lice, also con tains the fol low ing:“The be hav ior of cer tain rep re sen ta tives of the Ru ma nian army,which have been in di cated in the re port, will di min ish the re spectof both the Ru ma nian and Ger man ar mies in the eyes of pub lichere and all over the world.”In spite of all this, the case was closed be cause upon ex am i na -tion (re port No.258 of the Balti Gen dar merie Le gion on Au gust14, 1941 sent to the Central Office of the Gen dar merie inKishinev), it was con cluded that no body was found guilty and no -body could be held re spon si ble. Re port No.223 of July 17,1941.9 The pro test was dated July 11, 1941, and signed by the Gen eralChief of Staff of the XI Ger man Army. Ru ma nian Gen eral Head -quar ters for warded it to the chief judge of the mil i tary tri bu nal un -der or der 1411/B on July 17, 1941. Copies of the of fi cial re port ofa meet ing of the Ger man mil i tary se cret po lice as well as state -ments taken at the scene were also in cluded with the pro test.10 Re port No.10952 of July 6, 1941 by the Gen dar merie Le gion ofPrahova to the Cen tral Su per in ten dency of the Gen dar merie23
Page 1 and 2: Matatias Carp:Holocaust in RomaniaF
Page 3 and 4: ContentsPreface to the English Edit
Page 5 and 6: Preface to the EnglishEditionYou ha
Page 7 and 8: came here rather inclined to condon
Page 9: years and 7 months, plenty of time
Page 15 and 16: Foreword to the OriginalEditionMata
Page 17 and 18: li gious Com mu nities, and nei the
Page 19 and 20: Part 1. The Iron GuardThe History o
Page 21 and 22: summer of 1944. By September 1, 194
Page 23 and 24: to save their lives by es cap ing i
Page 25: An Outline of the Suffering ofRoman
Page 29 and 30: From among the starving, exhausted
Page 31 and 32: Most of them, how ever, were killed
Page 33 and 34: On October 10, 1942, 80 children, 4
Page 35 and 36: wa ter brought in buck ets. How eve
Page 37 and 38: 2. Robbing EvacueesThe Jew ish cit
Page 39 and 40: (c) Stealing aid sent to de port ee
Page 41 and 42: IV. Expropriation ActsUn der provis
Page 43 and 44: -almost all the Jewish schools in t
Page 45 and 46: XII. Withdrawal of the Right to Wor
Page 47 and 48: (c) Crafts menThe cer tif i cates o
Page 49 and 50: also forced to bear fi nan cial sac
Page 51 and 52: Those Responsible for the Atrocitie
Page 53 and 54: 18. The ad min is tra tive apparatu
Page 55 and 56: sures in ar eas close to the front
Page 57 and 58: The Iron Guard GovernmentSeptember
Page 59 and 60: “I ensure Mr. Filderman that if h
Page 61 and 62: defends Jews—as their well-paid l
Page 63 and 64: these aliens be cause the gov ern m
Page 65 and 66: The Cap tain of the Met ro pol i ta
Page 67 and 68: Naturally, the activities of the Ir
Page 69 and 70: the legal formalities of the exprop
Page 71 and 72: From among the huge mass of lunatic
Page 73 and 74: forged to assist the final aim: Iro
Page 75 and 76: Handels Gremium zu Kronstadt ” al
Page 77 and 78:
complaints prove justified, it is t
Page 79 and 80:
His de ci sion was to be come fi na
Page 81 and 82:
All quarters and all targets were a
Page 83 and 84:
Part 2. The Pogrom in IasiHistorica
Page 85 and 86:
of post ers in cit ing peo ple to k
Page 87 and 88:
On the same night, on the initiativ
Page 89 and 90:
sued by Ion Antonescu on June 19 se
Page 91 and 92:
While the archives of the SSI re ma
Page 93 and 94:
ter. As a mat ter of fact, they wer
Page 95 and 96:
to Targu Jiu, women, chil dren and
Page 97 and 98:
immediately, the seriously in jured
Page 99 and 100:
June 26) Gen eral Leoveanu , the ex
Page 101 and 102:
The au thor i ties or der a Gendarm
Page 103 and 104:
forced on them by the beasts. Most
Page 105 and 106:
The ru mor that the Ger mans had oc
Page 107 and 108:
Col o nel Captaru (county head) wit
Page 109 and 110:
last chance. That night only 3 car
Page 111 and 112:
iages, while oth ers held as many a
Page 113 and 114:
sub urbs. The num ber of victims wa
Page 115 and 116:
cha otic event had been noth ing ot
Page 117 and 118:
Selected DocumentsPre sid ium of th
Page 119 and 120:
An nounce mentRe cently there have
Page 121 and 122:
5.The tes ti mony of Lieu ten ant-C
Page 123 and 124:
Antonescu a few days be fore the po
Page 125 and 126:
town. Grigore Petrovici had ev ery
Page 127 and 128:
I have been Dep uty Pres i dent of
Page 129 and 130:
As the lo cal Chief of Po lice at t
Page 131 and 132:
The of fi cers of the 6th Ri fle Re
Page 133 and 134:
15.From the tes ti mony of Lieu ten
Page 135 and 136:
corpses. Most of the women had cov
Page 137 and 138:
17.Iasi Central Po lice Sta tion Re
Page 139 and 140:
The Ger mans be gan to search the d
Page 141 and 142:
Lieu ten ant-Col o nel Al. Manoil m
Page 143 and 144:
The mood and dis po si tion of the
Page 145 and 146:
Vivoschi; Iosub Ghita ; Gheorghe Gr
Page 147 and 148:
Ac cord ing to pro vi sions of the
Page 149 and 150:
Part 3. TransnistriaHistorical Revi
Page 151 and 152:
later (April 10, 1882) by the great
Page 153 and 154:
The will of the Germans was the dir
Page 155 and 156:
press of Bucharest, did not meet wi
Page 157 and 158:
Ru ma nian pseudo-de moc racy, and
Page 159 and 160:
oth ers from be ing enacted, and ev
Page 161 and 162:
While Transnistria does not call to
Page 163 and 164:
The Massacres in Bessarabia,Bucovin
Page 165 and 166:
oaming the city center and the Jewi
Page 167 and 168:
east of a major ordered the carcass
Page 169:
ual and mass, are committed by Ro m
Page 172 and 173:
July 5, 1941Following an order give
Page 174 and 175:
night, the women were barbarically
Page 176 and 177:
July 8, 1941Romanian troops oc cu p
Page 178 and 179:
Moghilev . The consignment of 300 p
Page 180 and 181:
We can conclude that two months aft
Page 183 and 184:
suf fo ca tion—some times these w
Page 185 and 186:
July 8, 1941Col o nel Meculescu , C
Page 187 and 188:
August 2, 1941Bessarabian Jews, who
Page 189 and 190:
Note: Al though the com mand was en
Page 191 and 192:
October 31, 1941The de por ta tion
Page 193 and 194:
Deportations from Bucovina, Dorohoi
Page 195 and 196:
lived scattered in the town, are no
Page 197 and 198:
eing beaten with clubs and rifle bu
Page 199 and 200:
Murders in Odessa and in theCountie
Page 201 and 202:
Jews are allowed to live only in ce
Page 203 and 204:
January 17: 1,104January 18: 1,293J
Page 205 and 206:
Deportations in the Spring andAutum
Page 207 and 208:
June 28, 1942A new Black Sunday for
Page 209 and 210:
cause not only pain, but also fear.
Page 211 and 212:
The Minister of the Interior, Gener
Page 213 and 214:
Life and Death in TransnistriaThe C
Page 215 and 216:
onwards on foot towards Lucinet , C
Page 217 and 218:
January 5, 1942In Obadovca the pete
Page 219 and 220:
Both the number of patients and dea
Page 221 and 222:
winter, most of them fell victim to
Page 223 and 224:
March, 1943In Oc to ber 1943, Wilhe
Page 225 and 226:
longer beaten by officers and soldi
Page 227 and 228:
RepatriationThe Chronological Order
Page 229 and 230:
The committee proposed allowing the
Page 231 and 232:
The committee which had set off for
Page 233 and 234:
Selected DocumentsCir cu lar No.206
Page 235 and 236:
The lo cal au thor i ties may also
Page 237 and 238:
9.July 5, 1942, No.192The Office of
Page 239:
tions, I am sure that the most hor
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