Holocaust in Romania - Corvinus Library - Hungarian History

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October 19, 1941Marshal Antonescu , the Leader of the State, replies in a letter to Dr. W.Filderman , President of the Union of Jewish Religious Communities forthe two petitions he submitted on the issue of deportation campaigns fromBessarabia and Bucovina .The let ter is ob vi ously of po lit i cal char ac ter. The de por ta tion is pre sentedas a de served action for all that the citizens had committed there in 1940,dur ing the withdrawal of the Ro ma nian army, and un der Soviet rule. Heat tempts to justify the measures with the atroc i ties com mit ted by So -viet-Jew ish com mis sars at the front. /.../The let ter, dated Oc to ber 19, and re ceived on Oc to ber 20, also appearedin the news pa pers on Oc to ber 27, 1941, serv ing as an ex cuse for an or ga -nized ghastly and base press cam paign. War-time anti-Se mitic hatredreached its psychological peak at this time. The pub li ca tion of the let terand the press cam paign took place after the terrible ex plo sion in Odessa,when a great num ber of Ro ma nian high-rank ing of fi cers were killed due tocare less ness.Not a single line was written about the explosion. Still, it became knownthrough the public and rumurs started to be whispered. The Marshal’sletter and the anti-Semitic campaign were used to deceive the public. /.../October 27, 1941The marching column of Jews collected from the surroundings ofChernovitz arrives in the forest of Cosauti , where they discover hundredsof Jewish corpses lying on the ground everywhere. The Gendarmes arerobbing their victims with increasingly more barbaric means. On the roadfrom Marculesti towards the Dniester , several Jews are taken out of themarching columns, and sold to peasants. The price is between1,500-2,000 lei depending on the quality of the victim’s clothing. After theGendarme received the money, he shot the Jew, and gave the corpse to thepeasant so that he could pull the clothes off it. After marching for two daysthe columns crossed the Dniester near lampol on a narrow bridge while192
eing beaten with clubs and rifle butts. Those who lost their balance, fellinto the water; they were left to drown.November 10, 1941The first marching columns organized from deportees from Dorohoiarrive in Atachi ; approx. 3,000 people. Before being driven across theDniester , they are held back for 24 hours in the cold and rain, and guardedby frontier guards. Other soldiers search them, depriving these poor peopleof their last valuables.November 15, 1941The deportation of Jews from Chernovitz ended. By this timeapproximately 30,000 Jews had been deported from the town, and the15,600 who remained had received permission to do so from the selectioncommittee, as had the 4,000 who were given temporary exemptionpermits by the Town Mayor.December 6, 1941Ion Antonescu is not satisfied with the activity of the President of theUnion of Jewish Religious Communities, since due to this, he had tocancel the deportation of 20,000 Jews from Chernovitz . He decides toremove him from as head of the Jewish Religious Community, anddisbands all Jewish community organizations. In their place, he sets up theJewish Central Office, based on the German model created in thecountries they occupied.December, 1941The last march ing col umns of Jews from Bucovina and Dorohoi countycross the Dniester near Atachi . The first pe riod of the de por ta tion of Ro -ma nian Jews has ended.193
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Matatias Carp:Holocaust in RomaniaF
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ContentsPreface to the English Edit
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Preface to the EnglishEditionYou ha
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came here rather inclined to condon
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years and 7 months, plenty of time
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Foreword to the OriginalEditionMata
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li gious Com mu nities, and nei the
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Part 1. The Iron GuardThe History o
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summer of 1944. By September 1, 194
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to save their lives by es cap ing i
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An Outline of the Suffering ofRoman
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on the first day of the occupation
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From among the starving, exhausted
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Most of them, how ever, were killed
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On October 10, 1942, 80 children, 4
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wa ter brought in buck ets. How eve
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2. Robbing EvacueesThe Jew ish cit
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(c) Stealing aid sent to de port ee
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IV. Expropriation ActsUn der provis
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-almost all the Jewish schools in t
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XII. Withdrawal of the Right to Wor
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(c) Crafts menThe cer tif i cates o
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also forced to bear fi nan cial sac
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Those Responsible for the Atrocitie
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18. The ad min is tra tive apparatu
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sures in ar eas close to the front
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The Iron Guard GovernmentSeptember
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“I ensure Mr. Filderman that if h
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defends Jews—as their well-paid l
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these aliens be cause the gov ern m
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The Cap tain of the Met ro pol i ta
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Naturally, the activities of the Ir
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the legal formalities of the exprop
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From among the huge mass of lunatic
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forged to assist the final aim: Iro
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Handels Gremium zu Kronstadt ” al
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complaints prove justified, it is t
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His de ci sion was to be come fi na
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All quarters and all targets were a
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Part 2. The Pogrom in IasiHistorica
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of post ers in cit ing peo ple to k
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On the same night, on the initiativ
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sued by Ion Antonescu on June 19 se
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While the archives of the SSI re ma
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ter. As a mat ter of fact, they wer
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to Targu Jiu, women, chil dren and
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immediately, the seriously in jured
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June 26) Gen eral Leoveanu , the ex
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The au thor i ties or der a Gendarm
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forced on them by the beasts. Most
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The ru mor that the Ger mans had oc
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Col o nel Captaru (county head) wit
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last chance. That night only 3 car
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iages, while oth ers held as many a
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sub urbs. The num ber of victims wa
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cha otic event had been noth ing ot
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Selected DocumentsPre sid ium of th
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An nounce mentRe cently there have
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5.The tes ti mony of Lieu ten ant-C
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Antonescu a few days be fore the po
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town. Grigore Petrovici had ev ery
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I have been Dep uty Pres i dent of
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As the lo cal Chief of Po lice at t
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The of fi cers of the 6th Ri fle Re
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15.From the tes ti mony of Lieu ten
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corpses. Most of the women had cov
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17.Iasi Central Po lice Sta tion Re
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The Ger mans be gan to search the d
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Lieu ten ant-Col o nel Al. Manoil m
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The mood and dis po si tion of the
Page 145 and 146: Vivoschi; Iosub Ghita ; Gheorghe Gr
Page 147 and 148: Ac cord ing to pro vi sions of the
Page 149 and 150: Part 3. TransnistriaHistorical Revi
Page 151 and 152: later (April 10, 1882) by the great
Page 153 and 154: The will of the Germans was the dir
Page 155 and 156: press of Bucharest, did not meet wi
Page 157 and 158: Ru ma nian pseudo-de moc racy, and
Page 159 and 160: oth ers from be ing enacted, and ev
Page 161 and 162: While Transnistria does not call to
Page 163 and 164: The Massacres in Bessarabia,Bucovin
Page 165 and 166: oaming the city center and the Jewi
Page 167 and 168: east of a major ordered the carcass
Page 169: ual and mass, are committed by Ro m
Page 172 and 173: July 5, 1941Following an order give
Page 174 and 175: night, the women were barbarically
Page 176 and 177: July 8, 1941Romanian troops oc cu p
Page 178 and 179: Moghilev . The consignment of 300 p
Page 180 and 181: We can conclude that two months aft
Page 183 and 184: suf fo ca tion—some times these w
Page 185 and 186: July 8, 1941Col o nel Meculescu , C
Page 187 and 188: August 2, 1941Bessarabian Jews, who
Page 189 and 190: Note: Al though the com mand was en
Page 191 and 192: October 31, 1941The de por ta tion
Page 193 and 194: Deportations from Bucovina, Dorohoi
Page 195: lived scattered in the town, are no
Page 199 and 200: Murders in Odessa and in theCountie
Page 201 and 202: Jews are allowed to live only in ce
Page 203 and 204: January 17: 1,104January 18: 1,293J
Page 205 and 206: Deportations in the Spring andAutum
Page 207 and 208: June 28, 1942A new Black Sunday for
Page 209 and 210: cause not only pain, but also fear.
Page 211 and 212: The Minister of the Interior, Gener
Page 213 and 214: Life and Death in TransnistriaThe C
Page 215 and 216: onwards on foot towards Lucinet , C
Page 217 and 218: January 5, 1942In Obadovca the pete
Page 219 and 220: Both the number of patients and dea
Page 221 and 222: winter, most of them fell victim to
Page 223 and 224: March, 1943In Oc to ber 1943, Wilhe
Page 225 and 226: longer beaten by officers and soldi
Page 227 and 228: RepatriationThe Chronological Order
Page 229 and 230: The committee proposed allowing the
Page 231 and 232: The committee which had set off for
Page 233 and 234: Selected DocumentsCir cu lar No.206
Page 235 and 236: The lo cal au thor i ties may also
Page 237 and 238: 9.July 5, 1942, No.192The Office of
Page 239: tions, I am sure that the most hor
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