Holocaust in Romania - Corvinus Library - Hungarian History

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October 24, 1941Some of the peo ple col lected by the po lice and the army, were taken to theedge of Odessa, next to the town gate in Dalnic by the 2nd Squadron of the10th Ma chine Gun Battalion. The road, three kilo metres long was linedwith the corpses of women, children and the dis abled. They were shot deadbe cause they could not keep up with the march ing columns. The first40-50 peo ple to ar rive at the ex e cu tion Site were tied up, made to lie facedown in an anti-tank ditch. Then a few soldiers, led by Lieu ten ant-Col o -nel Nicolae Deleanu , shot them dead.This was followed by mass ex e cu tions. The victims were taken into fourware houses, on the walls of which holes were cut for machine guns. Lieu -ten ant-Col o nels Deleanu and Coca D. Niculescu or der fire to be openedon the unfortunate peo ple.At dusk, at approx. 17.00 hrs, they set the ware houses ablaze. While thevictims burn in the flames, the soldiers con tinue to shoot them with ma -chine guns, and the of fi cers throw hand-grenades at them.October 25, 1941At 17.35 hrs, exactly 48 hours af ter the ex plo sion, they blow up one of theware houses, which still included the wounded.October, 1941A num ber of Jews who sur vived the mas sa cres in Odessa, as well as thosewho are collected in the southern counties of Transnistria ( Oceacov ,Berezovca , Golta ), are locked up in camps called ghet tos. They are treatedter ri bly. In the ghetto peo ple die everyday of star va tion, dis ease and mis ery./... /November 11, 1941Gh . Alexian , Gov er nor of Transnistria , issues Di rec tive No. 23, which reg -u lates the daily rou tine of the Jew ish cit i zens of Transnistria .196
Jews are allowed to live only in certain places, as signed to them by the Gen -darme Inspectorate. They are reg is tered sep a rately, farms are or ga nized forthem, and they are used for ag ri cul tural la bor, roads and bridge re pairwork, lum ber-jack ing and car ry ing stones or other materials. The work ersare given daily food cou pons; day-la bor ers 1 RKKS Mark, and skilledwork ers 2 RKK Marks. /.../Those who leave the place assigned to them, are de clared spies, and mil i -tary laws valid during war-time are used against them.November 20, 1941Colonel E. Brosteanu , Commander of the Gendarme In spec tor ate ofTransnistria , is wor ried that Transnistria is, “fill ing up with com mu nistsand Jews”, who might commit hostile acts later. He, there fore, asks forcom mands from the Gendarme Cen tral In spec tor ate, say ing: “only the ex -ter mi na tion of crim i nals and fanatic com mu nists will free mankind fromthe threat of communism”.Un der di rec tive No.23, most of the Jews are re moved from their dwellingplaces. In the northern part of the ter ri tory, in Moghilev 3,733; inSargorod approx. 2,000; in Rabnita 1,467; in Tulcin 118 (the other 3,005are sent to the camp in Peciora ); in Spikov , 27 (the other 848 are locked upin Rogozna )—these are the re main ing Jews.In the southern part of Transnistria almost all lo cal Jews are in terned incamps in Golta county; in Bogdanovca there are 48,000 Jews; inDumanovca , 18,000; in Acmicetca , 4,000. In these camps deportees, arede prived of everything they own (gold and jew elry were the most soughtaf ter). They were sub jected to the most terrible forms of tor ture; starvationand misery were the most lethal methods.During this time there was an un iden ti fied num ber of Jews in Ba1ti (a fewthou sand, perhaps), and in Odessa ap prox i mately 30,000. /.../197
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Matatias Carp:Holocaust in RomaniaF
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ContentsPreface to the English Edit
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Preface to the EnglishEditionYou ha
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came here rather inclined to condon
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years and 7 months, plenty of time
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Foreword to the OriginalEditionMata
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li gious Com mu nities, and nei the
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Part 1. The Iron GuardThe History o
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summer of 1944. By September 1, 194
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to save their lives by es cap ing i
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An Outline of the Suffering ofRoman
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on the first day of the occupation
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From among the starving, exhausted
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Most of them, how ever, were killed
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On October 10, 1942, 80 children, 4
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wa ter brought in buck ets. How eve
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2. Robbing EvacueesThe Jew ish cit
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(c) Stealing aid sent to de port ee
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IV. Expropriation ActsUn der provis
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-almost all the Jewish schools in t
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XII. Withdrawal of the Right to Wor
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(c) Crafts menThe cer tif i cates o
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also forced to bear fi nan cial sac
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Those Responsible for the Atrocitie
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18. The ad min is tra tive apparatu
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sures in ar eas close to the front
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The Iron Guard GovernmentSeptember
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“I ensure Mr. Filderman that if h
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defends Jews—as their well-paid l
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these aliens be cause the gov ern m
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The Cap tain of the Met ro pol i ta
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Naturally, the activities of the Ir
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the legal formalities of the exprop
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From among the huge mass of lunatic
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forged to assist the final aim: Iro
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Handels Gremium zu Kronstadt ” al
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complaints prove justified, it is t
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His de ci sion was to be come fi na
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All quarters and all targets were a
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Part 2. The Pogrom in IasiHistorica
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of post ers in cit ing peo ple to k
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On the same night, on the initiativ
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sued by Ion Antonescu on June 19 se
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While the archives of the SSI re ma
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ter. As a mat ter of fact, they wer
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to Targu Jiu, women, chil dren and
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immediately, the seriously in jured
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June 26) Gen eral Leoveanu , the ex
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The au thor i ties or der a Gendarm
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forced on them by the beasts. Most
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The ru mor that the Ger mans had oc
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Col o nel Captaru (county head) wit
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last chance. That night only 3 car
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iages, while oth ers held as many a
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sub urbs. The num ber of victims wa
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cha otic event had been noth ing ot
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Selected DocumentsPre sid ium of th
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An nounce mentRe cently there have
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5.The tes ti mony of Lieu ten ant-C
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Antonescu a few days be fore the po
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town. Grigore Petrovici had ev ery
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I have been Dep uty Pres i dent of
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As the lo cal Chief of Po lice at t
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The of fi cers of the 6th Ri fle Re
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15.From the tes ti mony of Lieu ten
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corpses. Most of the women had cov
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17.Iasi Central Po lice Sta tion Re
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The Ger mans be gan to search the d
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Lieu ten ant-Col o nel Al. Manoil m
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The mood and dis po si tion of the
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Vivoschi; Iosub Ghita ; Gheorghe Gr
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Ac cord ing to pro vi sions of the
Page 149 and 150: Part 3. TransnistriaHistorical Revi
Page 151 and 152: later (April 10, 1882) by the great
Page 153 and 154: The will of the Germans was the dir
Page 155 and 156: press of Bucharest, did not meet wi
Page 157 and 158: Ru ma nian pseudo-de moc racy, and
Page 159 and 160: oth ers from be ing enacted, and ev
Page 161 and 162: While Transnistria does not call to
Page 163 and 164: The Massacres in Bessarabia,Bucovin
Page 165 and 166: oaming the city center and the Jewi
Page 167 and 168: east of a major ordered the carcass
Page 169: ual and mass, are committed by Ro m
Page 172 and 173: July 5, 1941Following an order give
Page 174 and 175: night, the women were barbarically
Page 176 and 177: July 8, 1941Romanian troops oc cu p
Page 178 and 179: Moghilev . The consignment of 300 p
Page 180 and 181: We can conclude that two months aft
Page 183 and 184: suf fo ca tion—some times these w
Page 185 and 186: July 8, 1941Col o nel Meculescu , C
Page 187 and 188: August 2, 1941Bessarabian Jews, who
Page 189 and 190: Note: Al though the com mand was en
Page 191 and 192: October 31, 1941The de por ta tion
Page 193 and 194: Deportations from Bucovina, Dorohoi
Page 195 and 196: lived scattered in the town, are no
Page 197 and 198: eing beaten with clubs and rifle bu
Page 199: Murders in Odessa and in theCountie
Page 203 and 204: January 17: 1,104January 18: 1,293J
Page 205 and 206: Deportations in the Spring andAutum
Page 207 and 208: June 28, 1942A new Black Sunday for
Page 209 and 210: cause not only pain, but also fear.
Page 211 and 212: The Minister of the Interior, Gener
Page 213 and 214: Life and Death in TransnistriaThe C
Page 215 and 216: onwards on foot towards Lucinet , C
Page 217 and 218: January 5, 1942In Obadovca the pete
Page 219 and 220: Both the number of patients and dea
Page 221 and 222: winter, most of them fell victim to
Page 223 and 224: March, 1943In Oc to ber 1943, Wilhe
Page 225 and 226: longer beaten by officers and soldi
Page 227 and 228: RepatriationThe Chronological Order
Page 229 and 230: The committee proposed allowing the
Page 231 and 232: The committee which had set off for
Page 233 and 234: Selected DocumentsCir cu lar No.206
Page 235 and 236: The lo cal au thor i ties may also
Page 237 and 238: 9.July 5, 1942, No.192The Office of
Page 239: tions, I am sure that the most hor
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