Holocaust in Romania - Corvinus Library - Hungarian History

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They also received the active support of His Excellency Monsignor AndreaCassulo , Papal Nuncio, and His Excellency Rene de Weck , Ambassador ofSwitzerland, who did not hesitate to lend the support resolutely andunambiguously.It will always be a secret, which of these actions was the crucial one. So farnot even the decision is known with which Antonescu modified themurderous decision. However, the fact is that the leaders of the Jewishcommunities were informed, (even if not concretely and finally) that theidea of deporting of Jews from Transylvania and Banat was abandoned./.../September 13, 1942On the occasion of the Jewish New Year, Cordel Hull, the AmericanSecretary of State, turned to Jews living in every part of the world with amoving speech, in which he placed emphasis on the solidarity of theAmerican and Jewish nations.Romanian public opin ion was strongly in flu enced by the speech, whichcaused strange re ac tions.The Ro ma nian press, for in stance, com mented on the speech with a cer -tain sense of respect. Even the blackmailing gut ter news pa per, PoruncaVremii , aban doned its ag gres sive and vulgar tone tem po rarily. The Ed i -tor-in-Chief of the paper, I. P. Prudeni , writes this un der the ti tle “TheMean ing of a Speech” in the issue of Sep tem ber 15, 1942:“Our aggravated hatred is mixed with the reserved admiration we feel inseeing the stubborn will to believe, calculated resignation and the specialstrength of bearing suffering and persecution. The basic virtue of the Jewslies in the unusual strength with which they manage to land on their feetafter each disaster. This is what the issue looks like after removing thevulgar insults from among the hostility which never solves anything.”One ex-minister of Antonescu’s strongly refuses to be a member of thegovernment again. He gives the following reason to his friends: “Haven’tyou read Cordel Hull’s speech? Why should I fight the Jews right now?”206
The Minister of the Interior, General Dumitru Popescu , calls to Dr. W.Filderman for an audience, who he had not met for more than a year sincehe was dismissed from the leadership of the community. The Generalliterally told him this: “Although you are not the legal leader of the Jews, Imust turn to you with my request. You must remember myannouncements which were repeated many times, that I do not agree withwhat is being done against the Jews. But my power is restricted to as far asthe Prut . Therefore, it is not in my power to do anything now. Thedeportation campaigns are in General Vasiliu’s hands, who—itseems—has made an agreement with the Germans. Please, tell the Jews notto hand in requests to me in which they ask me to exempt them fromdeportation or to give them time since I cannot help them in any wayThe audience lasted a long time, and was repeated the following day on theminister’s request. He showed a keen interest in the details of Jewish issuesand expressed his indignation at what was happening to the Jews. He didnot forget to disassociate himself from the persecution of Jews, which wereinitiated and carried out by the government, of which he was a member.He again asked Dr. Filderman to pass the aforementioned request to theJews.However, on exactly the same day the Minister of the Interior had saidthese things (September 22, 1942, on the day of Yom Kippur), while hewas getting rid of the responsibility of past and present, the organs led byhim did the following:1. The Central Police Station of the Capital sent 148 Jews toTransnistna (with their families), who were accused of having avoidedlabor service.2. Policemen and po lice of fi cers, on behalf of the Na tional Cen tre ofRomanianization , re moved the old peo ple from the Elisabet old peo ple’shome, which became the prop erty of the above-men tioned or ga ni za tion.3. The Gendarmes of Mostovoi ( Berezovca county) helped the SSrob and kill 600 Jews, who had been brought there from the Old Kingdomand Transylvania two weeks before under the order of the Ministry of theInterior.207
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Matatias Carp:Holocaust in RomaniaF
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ContentsPreface to the English Edit
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Preface to the EnglishEditionYou ha
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came here rather inclined to condon
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years and 7 months, plenty of time
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Foreword to the OriginalEditionMata
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li gious Com mu nities, and nei the
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Part 1. The Iron GuardThe History o
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summer of 1944. By September 1, 194
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to save their lives by es cap ing i
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An Outline of the Suffering ofRoman
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on the first day of the occupation
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From among the starving, exhausted
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Most of them, how ever, were killed
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On October 10, 1942, 80 children, 4
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wa ter brought in buck ets. How eve
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2. Robbing EvacueesThe Jew ish cit
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(c) Stealing aid sent to de port ee
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IV. Expropriation ActsUn der provis
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-almost all the Jewish schools in t
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XII. Withdrawal of the Right to Wor
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(c) Crafts menThe cer tif i cates o
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also forced to bear fi nan cial sac
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Those Responsible for the Atrocitie
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18. The ad min is tra tive apparatu
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sures in ar eas close to the front
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The Iron Guard GovernmentSeptember
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“I ensure Mr. Filderman that if h
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defends Jews—as their well-paid l
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these aliens be cause the gov ern m
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The Cap tain of the Met ro pol i ta
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Naturally, the activities of the Ir
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the legal formalities of the exprop
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From among the huge mass of lunatic
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forged to assist the final aim: Iro
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Handels Gremium zu Kronstadt ” al
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complaints prove justified, it is t
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His de ci sion was to be come fi na
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All quarters and all targets were a
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Part 2. The Pogrom in IasiHistorica
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of post ers in cit ing peo ple to k
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On the same night, on the initiativ
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sued by Ion Antonescu on June 19 se
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While the archives of the SSI re ma
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ter. As a mat ter of fact, they wer
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to Targu Jiu, women, chil dren and
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immediately, the seriously in jured
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June 26) Gen eral Leoveanu , the ex
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The au thor i ties or der a Gendarm
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forced on them by the beasts. Most
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The ru mor that the Ger mans had oc
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Col o nel Captaru (county head) wit
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last chance. That night only 3 car
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iages, while oth ers held as many a
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sub urbs. The num ber of victims wa
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cha otic event had been noth ing ot
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Selected DocumentsPre sid ium of th
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An nounce mentRe cently there have
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5.The tes ti mony of Lieu ten ant-C
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Antonescu a few days be fore the po
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town. Grigore Petrovici had ev ery
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I have been Dep uty Pres i dent of
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As the lo cal Chief of Po lice at t
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The of fi cers of the 6th Ri fle Re
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15.From the tes ti mony of Lieu ten
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corpses. Most of the women had cov
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17.Iasi Central Po lice Sta tion Re
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The Ger mans be gan to search the d
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Lieu ten ant-Col o nel Al. Manoil m
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The mood and dis po si tion of the
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Vivoschi; Iosub Ghita ; Gheorghe Gr
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Ac cord ing to pro vi sions of the
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Part 3. TransnistriaHistorical Revi
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later (April 10, 1882) by the great
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The will of the Germans was the dir
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press of Bucharest, did not meet wi
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Ru ma nian pseudo-de moc racy, and
Page 159 and 160: oth ers from be ing enacted, and ev
Page 161 and 162: While Transnistria does not call to
Page 163 and 164: The Massacres in Bessarabia,Bucovin
Page 165 and 166: oaming the city center and the Jewi
Page 167 and 168: east of a major ordered the carcass
Page 169: ual and mass, are committed by Ro m
Page 172 and 173: July 5, 1941Following an order give
Page 174 and 175: night, the women were barbarically
Page 176 and 177: July 8, 1941Romanian troops oc cu p
Page 178 and 179: Moghilev . The consignment of 300 p
Page 180 and 181: We can conclude that two months aft
Page 183 and 184: suf fo ca tion—some times these w
Page 185 and 186: July 8, 1941Col o nel Meculescu , C
Page 187 and 188: August 2, 1941Bessarabian Jews, who
Page 189 and 190: Note: Al though the com mand was en
Page 191 and 192: October 31, 1941The de por ta tion
Page 193 and 194: Deportations from Bucovina, Dorohoi
Page 195 and 196: lived scattered in the town, are no
Page 197 and 198: eing beaten with clubs and rifle bu
Page 199 and 200: Murders in Odessa and in theCountie
Page 201 and 202: Jews are allowed to live only in ce
Page 203 and 204: January 17: 1,104January 18: 1,293J
Page 205 and 206: Deportations in the Spring andAutum
Page 207 and 208: June 28, 1942A new Black Sunday for
Page 209: cause not only pain, but also fear.
Page 213 and 214: Life and Death in TransnistriaThe C
Page 215 and 216: onwards on foot towards Lucinet , C
Page 217 and 218: January 5, 1942In Obadovca the pete
Page 219 and 220: Both the number of patients and dea
Page 221 and 222: winter, most of them fell victim to
Page 223 and 224: March, 1943In Oc to ber 1943, Wilhe
Page 225 and 226: longer beaten by officers and soldi
Page 227 and 228: RepatriationThe Chronological Order
Page 229 and 230: The committee proposed allowing the
Page 231 and 232: The committee which had set off for
Page 233 and 234: Selected DocumentsCir cu lar No.206
Page 235 and 236: The lo cal au thor i ties may also
Page 237 and 238: 9.July 5, 1942, No.192The Office of
Page 239: tions, I am sure that the most hor
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