Holocaust in Romania - Corvinus Library - Hungarian History

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disease, and following the spread of fatal epidemics, which could not becontained due to lack of medicine, soap, paraffin, clothing, fuel, food, etc.,the Presidium of the Council of Ministers decided to permit the Union ofJewish Religious Communities to send money and medicine to Jewsdeported to Transnistria .This permission was the final manifestation of a connection between theAntonescu Government and the traditional Jewish organization. Six dayslater, it was disbanded, and replaced with a Jewish organization whosestructure was based on German police patterns. The leadership of this neworgan took over the task of assisting Jews who had been deported loTransnistria , however, because of its reluctance to act and its servilemanner, the organization could not be counted on.Dr. N. Ghingold spokes per son and gen eral sec re tary of the RomanianCen tral Jew ish Of fice expressed his personal view that ac tion aimed at aid -ing de port ees should be stopped, because it is con trary to government pol -icy, and since all deportees must be con sid ered en e mies of the home land,and Jews are to con sid ered in the same way. He con tin ued by say ing thatthose who insisted on car ry ing out acts of hu man i tar ian aid, by do ing sowould un der take se ri ous personal ob li ga tions and risks. He claimed thathis au thor ity spread as far as the river Prut , but he could not in ter fere in is -sues be yond the Prut .The Aid Committee, which had been established alongside the Union ofJewish Religious Communities in January 1941, immediately followingthe Iron Guard revolt, could not accept this stand. They dismissed thefears of the leader of the Central Jewish Office, and decided to undertakeboth the task itself and the responsibility. Making use of the fact that oneof the most enthusiastic initiators of deportee-aid, Dr. M. Zimmer , alawyer, was trusted by Mihai Antonescu , the committee attempted to findout the latter’s opinion concerning the issue. Through the proposal of theDeputy Prime Minister, supported by the written acceptance of the realleaders of the Jews, Dr. Zimmer agreed to join the Central Jewish Office,and direct—along with A. Schwefelberg , lawyer, and Fred Saraga —actionsaimed at assisting deportees. /.../212
January 5, 1942In Obadovca the petechial typhus epidemic is devastating and cannot becontained. The whole camp is declared a quarantine zone, surroundedwith barbed wire and guarded with weapons. The interned people are notallowed to leave the camp, even to get food. As a result, a large number die,because of the epidemic itself and of starvation. /.../January 20, 1942In Tibulovca 180 people survived from the 2,000 interned in November(100 men, 76 women and 4 children); all of them have frostbite on theirlimbs. They were allowed to move into the village, but they had to givemoney or their remaining items of clothing. /.../January 31, 1942The petechial typhus epidemic has broken out in every area in thenorthern part of Transnistria where deported Jews live. There are only afew places where this epidemic is unknown, because in these regions(Djurin , Murafa , Smerinca ), accommodation conditions are slightly morehumane. The epidemic spreads faster in densely populated areas, i.e.Bershad , Sargorod , Moghilev . /.../February 6, 1942One hundred and sixty-five corpses were taken to the cemetery inSargorod but could not be buried because the ground was frozen. A firewas lit in the -40 Celsius temperature [40 F below zero]. It burned for 24hours. This was the only way the mass-grave could be dug. In Bershadcorpses were lying about everywhere for 3 - 4 weeks because they could notbe buried because of the frost and a lack of workers. There were cases when200 corpses were collected one day. /.../213
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Matatias Carp:Holocaust in RomaniaF
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ContentsPreface to the English Edit
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Preface to the EnglishEditionYou ha
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came here rather inclined to condon
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years and 7 months, plenty of time
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Foreword to the OriginalEditionMata
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li gious Com mu nities, and nei the
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Part 1. The Iron GuardThe History o
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summer of 1944. By September 1, 194
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to save their lives by es cap ing i
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An Outline of the Suffering ofRoman
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on the first day of the occupation
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From among the starving, exhausted
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Most of them, how ever, were killed
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On October 10, 1942, 80 children, 4
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wa ter brought in buck ets. How eve
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2. Robbing EvacueesThe Jew ish cit
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(c) Stealing aid sent to de port ee
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IV. Expropriation ActsUn der provis
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-almost all the Jewish schools in t
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XII. Withdrawal of the Right to Wor
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(c) Crafts menThe cer tif i cates o
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also forced to bear fi nan cial sac
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Those Responsible for the Atrocitie
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18. The ad min is tra tive apparatu
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sures in ar eas close to the front
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The Iron Guard GovernmentSeptember
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“I ensure Mr. Filderman that if h
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defends Jews—as their well-paid l
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these aliens be cause the gov ern m
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The Cap tain of the Met ro pol i ta
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Naturally, the activities of the Ir
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the legal formalities of the exprop
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From among the huge mass of lunatic
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forged to assist the final aim: Iro
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Handels Gremium zu Kronstadt ” al
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complaints prove justified, it is t
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His de ci sion was to be come fi na
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All quarters and all targets were a
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Part 2. The Pogrom in IasiHistorica
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of post ers in cit ing peo ple to k
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On the same night, on the initiativ
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sued by Ion Antonescu on June 19 se
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While the archives of the SSI re ma
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ter. As a mat ter of fact, they wer
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to Targu Jiu, women, chil dren and
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immediately, the seriously in jured
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June 26) Gen eral Leoveanu , the ex
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The au thor i ties or der a Gendarm
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forced on them by the beasts. Most
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The ru mor that the Ger mans had oc
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Col o nel Captaru (county head) wit
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last chance. That night only 3 car
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iages, while oth ers held as many a
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sub urbs. The num ber of victims wa
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cha otic event had been noth ing ot
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Selected DocumentsPre sid ium of th
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An nounce mentRe cently there have
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5.The tes ti mony of Lieu ten ant-C
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Antonescu a few days be fore the po
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town. Grigore Petrovici had ev ery
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I have been Dep uty Pres i dent of
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As the lo cal Chief of Po lice at t
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The of fi cers of the 6th Ri fle Re
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15.From the tes ti mony of Lieu ten
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corpses. Most of the women had cov
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17.Iasi Central Po lice Sta tion Re
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The Ger mans be gan to search the d
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Lieu ten ant-Col o nel Al. Manoil m
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The mood and dis po si tion of the
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Vivoschi; Iosub Ghita ; Gheorghe Gr
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Ac cord ing to pro vi sions of the
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Part 3. TransnistriaHistorical Revi
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later (April 10, 1882) by the great
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The will of the Germans was the dir
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press of Bucharest, did not meet wi
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Ru ma nian pseudo-de moc racy, and
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oth ers from be ing enacted, and ev
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While Transnistria does not call to
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The Massacres in Bessarabia,Bucovin
Page 165 and 166: oaming the city center and the Jewi
Page 167 and 168: east of a major ordered the carcass
Page 169: ual and mass, are committed by Ro m
Page 172 and 173: July 5, 1941Following an order give
Page 174 and 175: night, the women were barbarically
Page 176 and 177: July 8, 1941Romanian troops oc cu p
Page 178 and 179: Moghilev . The consignment of 300 p
Page 180 and 181: We can conclude that two months aft
Page 183 and 184: suf fo ca tion—some times these w
Page 185 and 186: July 8, 1941Col o nel Meculescu , C
Page 187 and 188: August 2, 1941Bessarabian Jews, who
Page 189 and 190: Note: Al though the com mand was en
Page 191 and 192: October 31, 1941The de por ta tion
Page 193 and 194: Deportations from Bucovina, Dorohoi
Page 195 and 196: lived scattered in the town, are no
Page 197 and 198: eing beaten with clubs and rifle bu
Page 199 and 200: Murders in Odessa and in theCountie
Page 201 and 202: Jews are allowed to live only in ce
Page 203 and 204: January 17: 1,104January 18: 1,293J
Page 205 and 206: Deportations in the Spring andAutum
Page 207 and 208: June 28, 1942A new Black Sunday for
Page 209 and 210: cause not only pain, but also fear.
Page 211 and 212: The Minister of the Interior, Gener
Page 213 and 214: Life and Death in TransnistriaThe C
Page 215: onwards on foot towards Lucinet , C
Page 219 and 220: Both the number of patients and dea
Page 221 and 222: winter, most of them fell victim to
Page 223 and 224: March, 1943In Oc to ber 1943, Wilhe
Page 225 and 226: longer beaten by officers and soldi
Page 227 and 228: RepatriationThe Chronological Order
Page 229 and 230: The committee proposed allowing the
Page 231 and 232: The committee which had set off for
Page 233 and 234: Selected DocumentsCir cu lar No.206
Page 235 and 236: The lo cal au thor i ties may also
Page 237 and 238: 9.July 5, 1942, No.192The Office of
Page 239: tions, I am sure that the most hor
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