Holocaust in Romania - Corvinus Library - Hungarian History

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The rel a tively fa vor able sit u a tion at the front—the Ger man-Hun gar ianforces were stand ing in front of Voroniezh , the Ger man-Ro ma nian troopswere ap proach ing Sta lin grad as well as Krasnodar and Majkop —in ducedthe Ge stapo to start its ac tions planned a long time ago, whose aim was thecom plete ex ter mi na tion of Ro ma nian Jews. These ac tions had al readybeen started earlier in ter ri to ries oc cu pied by the Ger mans.In the official jour nal of the Ger man Em bassy of Bucharest, the BukaresterTageblatt , an ar ti cle ap pears with the ti tle “ Rumanien wird judenrein ”(Ro ma nia will be cleared of Jews), which gives a full ac count of the plan tode port the entire Ro ma nian Jew ish population. The action will be startedin the au tumn, and must be ac com plished by the fol low ing au tumn.A sim i lar article—which seems to have been writ ten by the same per -son—ap pears in the same day in the Donauzeitung , the of fi cial news pa perof the Ge stapo in the Balkans, pub lished in Belgrade. Two days later theVolkisher Beobachter pub lishes the news, too. It is of sig nif i cance that theRomanian press re mains silent on the issue. /..../Some days later (Au gust 13) Radu Lecca , Com mis sioner of Jew ish Issues,is called to Berlin to par tic i pate in the con fer ence of the SD(Sicherheitsdienst ) with Gustaw Rich ter, Head of the Jew ish De part mentof the Ro ma nian Ge stapo.The content and decisions of the meeting are unknown but can bededucted, since a month later (on September 26-28) German Railwaysheld another meeting in Berlin.In the ab sence of the del e ga tion of Ro ma nian Rail ways (al though in vited,they ex cused them selves by re quest ing the post pone ment of the meet ing) adecision was made to col lect the entire Ro ma nian Jew ish pop u la tion inAdjud county, from where ev ery sec ond day a trans por ta tion of 2,000 peo -ple was to be started to the death-camp of Belzen in Po land.August 15, 1942For some weeks, the Jewish population feel even more threatened thanusual. The news of further groups of Jewish deportees from Chernovitz ,204
cause not only pain, but also fear. The latest announcements of themilitary and civilian authorities (General Command and the Ministry ofthe Interior), with their stereotyped and hurtful refrains (“they will bedeported to Transnistria along with their families”), and news pub lished inthe Ger man press—to test public re ac tion, which arrogantly spread the ru -mor about the de por ta tion of the en tire Romanian-Jewish pop u la tion,caused gen eral panic. /.../The re cently leaked news is in deed hor ri fy ing. It was learnt simultaneouslyin Bu cha rest (from Radu Lecca , gov ern ment representative of Jewish af -fairs) and Timisoara (from au then ti cated lo cal re sources):the decision hadbeen made for the de por ta tion of Jews from the ma jor towns ofTransylvania and Banat , i.e. from towns close to the Ro ma nian-Hun gar -ian bor der: Timisoara , Arad, Beius , Turda , Sighisoara , Brasov .The lead ers of the threat ened communities (Dr. S. Ligeti and I. Tennerfrom Timisoara , Aladar Lakatos from Arad, A. Fellter from Sibiu , etc.)gather in Bu cha rest to commence ac tiv ity. They are not sup ported by theRomanian Cen tral Jew ish Office, but re ceive assistance from the un der -ground lead er ship of the Jews. They do ev ery thing in their power to handin re quests backed up by doc u ments to all lead ing fo rums.The first benevolent action was taken by doctor Stroescu , family physicianof Antonescu and Director of the newly established Palace ofWar-Invalids, for which he tried to beg Jewish money by all means. Hestarts an action with great enthusiasm in the interest of Jews, although thecondition of this is an amount of 100 million lei collected by Jews fromTransylvania and Banat for the Palace of War-Invalids.At the same time they gained the support of His Holiness Balan , theMetropolitan of Transylvania. The old High Priest traveled from Paltinisto Bucharest just for this reason. His Samaritan action was supported fullyby Her Majesty Elena, the Queen Mother. It is said that this dramatic issuewas decided in the royal palace over lunch, to which Balan His Holiness,the Metropolitan, Ion Antonescu and the Queen were invited, and whereHer Majesty supported with dignity and extreme firmness the cause ofthose persecuted.205
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Matatias Carp:Holocaust in RomaniaF
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ContentsPreface to the English Edit
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Preface to the EnglishEditionYou ha
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came here rather inclined to condon
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years and 7 months, plenty of time
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Foreword to the OriginalEditionMata
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li gious Com mu nities, and nei the
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Part 1. The Iron GuardThe History o
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summer of 1944. By September 1, 194
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to save their lives by es cap ing i
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An Outline of the Suffering ofRoman
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on the first day of the occupation
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From among the starving, exhausted
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Most of them, how ever, were killed
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On October 10, 1942, 80 children, 4
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wa ter brought in buck ets. How eve
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2. Robbing EvacueesThe Jew ish cit
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(c) Stealing aid sent to de port ee
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IV. Expropriation ActsUn der provis
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-almost all the Jewish schools in t
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XII. Withdrawal of the Right to Wor
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(c) Crafts menThe cer tif i cates o
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also forced to bear fi nan cial sac
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Those Responsible for the Atrocitie
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18. The ad min is tra tive apparatu
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sures in ar eas close to the front
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The Iron Guard GovernmentSeptember
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“I ensure Mr. Filderman that if h
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defends Jews—as their well-paid l
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these aliens be cause the gov ern m
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The Cap tain of the Met ro pol i ta
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Naturally, the activities of the Ir
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the legal formalities of the exprop
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From among the huge mass of lunatic
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forged to assist the final aim: Iro
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Handels Gremium zu Kronstadt ” al
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complaints prove justified, it is t
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His de ci sion was to be come fi na
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All quarters and all targets were a
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Part 2. The Pogrom in IasiHistorica
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of post ers in cit ing peo ple to k
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On the same night, on the initiativ
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sued by Ion Antonescu on June 19 se
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While the archives of the SSI re ma
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ter. As a mat ter of fact, they wer
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to Targu Jiu, women, chil dren and
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immediately, the seriously in jured
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June 26) Gen eral Leoveanu , the ex
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The au thor i ties or der a Gendarm
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forced on them by the beasts. Most
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The ru mor that the Ger mans had oc
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Col o nel Captaru (county head) wit
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last chance. That night only 3 car
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iages, while oth ers held as many a
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sub urbs. The num ber of victims wa
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cha otic event had been noth ing ot
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Selected DocumentsPre sid ium of th
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An nounce mentRe cently there have
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5.The tes ti mony of Lieu ten ant-C
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Antonescu a few days be fore the po
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town. Grigore Petrovici had ev ery
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I have been Dep uty Pres i dent of
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As the lo cal Chief of Po lice at t
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The of fi cers of the 6th Ri fle Re
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15.From the tes ti mony of Lieu ten
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corpses. Most of the women had cov
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17.Iasi Central Po lice Sta tion Re
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The Ger mans be gan to search the d
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Lieu ten ant-Col o nel Al. Manoil m
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The mood and dis po si tion of the
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Vivoschi; Iosub Ghita ; Gheorghe Gr
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Ac cord ing to pro vi sions of the
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Part 3. TransnistriaHistorical Revi
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later (April 10, 1882) by the great
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The will of the Germans was the dir
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press of Bucharest, did not meet wi
Page 157 and 158: Ru ma nian pseudo-de moc racy, and
Page 159 and 160: oth ers from be ing enacted, and ev
Page 161 and 162: While Transnistria does not call to
Page 163 and 164: The Massacres in Bessarabia,Bucovin
Page 165 and 166: oaming the city center and the Jewi
Page 167 and 168: east of a major ordered the carcass
Page 169: ual and mass, are committed by Ro m
Page 172 and 173: July 5, 1941Following an order give
Page 174 and 175: night, the women were barbarically
Page 176 and 177: July 8, 1941Romanian troops oc cu p
Page 178 and 179: Moghilev . The consignment of 300 p
Page 180 and 181: We can conclude that two months aft
Page 183 and 184: suf fo ca tion—some times these w
Page 185 and 186: July 8, 1941Col o nel Meculescu , C
Page 187 and 188: August 2, 1941Bessarabian Jews, who
Page 189 and 190: Note: Al though the com mand was en
Page 191 and 192: October 31, 1941The de por ta tion
Page 193 and 194: Deportations from Bucovina, Dorohoi
Page 195 and 196: lived scattered in the town, are no
Page 197 and 198: eing beaten with clubs and rifle bu
Page 199 and 200: Murders in Odessa and in theCountie
Page 201 and 202: Jews are allowed to live only in ce
Page 203 and 204: January 17: 1,104January 18: 1,293J
Page 205 and 206: Deportations in the Spring andAutum
Page 207: June 28, 1942A new Black Sunday for
Page 211 and 212: The Minister of the Interior, Gener
Page 213 and 214: Life and Death in TransnistriaThe C
Page 215 and 216: onwards on foot towards Lucinet , C
Page 217 and 218: January 5, 1942In Obadovca the pete
Page 219 and 220: Both the number of patients and dea
Page 221 and 222: winter, most of them fell victim to
Page 223 and 224: March, 1943In Oc to ber 1943, Wilhe
Page 225 and 226: longer beaten by officers and soldi
Page 227 and 228: RepatriationThe Chronological Order
Page 229 and 230: The committee proposed allowing the
Page 231 and 232: The committee which had set off for
Page 233 and 234: Selected DocumentsCir cu lar No.206
Page 235 and 236: The lo cal au thor i ties may also
Page 237 and 238: 9.July 5, 1942, No.192The Office of
Page 239: tions, I am sure that the most hor
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Holocaust in Romania - Corvinus Library - Hungarian History

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