Annual Report 2012

Notes to the financial statements(Expressed in millions of RMB, unless otherwise stated)63 Risk Management (continued)(1) Credit risk (continued)(c) Loans and advances to customers analysed by economic sector concentrationsGroup2012 2011GrossloanbalancePercentageBalancesecured bycollateralGrossloanbalancePercentageBalancesecured bycollateralCorporate loans and advances– Manufacturing 1,314,545 17.50% 493,737 1,141,376 17.56% 393,347– Transportation, storage andpostal services 883,536 11.76% 358,998 765,763 11.79% 303,444– Production and supply ofelectric power, gas and water 615,635 8.20% 157,825 591,315 9.10% 145,490– Real estate 493,363 6.57% 422,272 465,899 7.17% 387,527– Leasing and commercial services 392,363 5.22% 178,234 386,588 5.95% 168,593– Wholesale and retail trade 399,601 5.32% 165,099 322,106 4.96% 113,374– Water, environment and publicutility management 235,762 3.14% 116,323 226,655 3.49% 100,239– Construction 222,951 2.97% 82,876 190,096 2.93% 66,963– Mining 208,738 2.78% 26,715 173,824 2.68% 26,793– Education 66,247 0.88% 25,182 85,069 1.31% 35,214– Telecommunications,computer services and software 33,811 0.45% 9,251 24,077 0.37% 7,271– Others 402,969 5.36% 135,018 300,148 4.62% 111,642Total corporate loans and advances 5,269,521 70.15% 2,171,530 4,672,916 71.93% 1,859,897Personal loans and advances 2,051,094 27.30% 1,813,968 1,705,622 26.25% 1,558,628Discounted bills 191,697 2.55% – 117,873 1.82% –Total loans and advances to customers 7,512,312 100.00% 3,985,498 6,496,411 100.00% 3,418,525Details of impaired loans, impairment allowances, charges, and amounts written off in respect of economic sectors whichconstitute 10% or more of total gross loans and advances to customers are as follows:2012GrossimpairedloansIndividuallyassessedimpairmentallowancesCollectivelyassessedimpairmentallowancesCharged toprofit or lossduring the yearWritten offduring the yearManufacturing 30,924 (19,696) (31,376) 12,917 2,725Transportation, storage and postal services 3,325 (2,383) (22,006) 2,791 772011GrossimpairedloansIndividuallyassessedimpairmentallowancesCollectivelyassessedimpairmentallowancesCharged toprofit or lossduring the yearWritten offduring the yearManufacturing 25,883 (15,167) (25,254) 5,750 1,748Transportation, storage and postal services 7,139 (3,636) (18,106) 6,371 28174 China Construction Bank Corporation annual report 2012