Australia Yearbook - 2001

Chapter 19—Manufacturing 725
19.18 EXPENDITURE ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, Manufacturing Businesses
1996–97 1997–98
1998–99
Industry
$m
$m
$m
Food, beverage and tobacco manufacturing 231 180 206
Textile, clothing, footwear and leather manufacturing 21 22 19
Wood and paper product manufacturing 191 117 89
Printing, publishing and recorded media 17 19 26
Petroleum, coal, chemical and associated product manufacturing 309 314 340
Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing 66 72 64
Metal product manufacturing 361 331 269
Motor vehicle and part and other transport equipment manufacturing 401 436 372
Photographic and scientific equipment manufacturing 91 93 102
Electronic and electrical equipment and appliance manufacturing 362 398 378
Industrial machinery and equipment manufacturing 144 124 110
Other manufacturing 46 36 18
Total manufacturing 2 240 2 142 1 983
Source: Research and Experimental Development, Businesses, Australia (8104.0).
19.19 TYPE OF EXPENDITURE ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, Manufacturing Businesses—1998–99
Capital
expenditure
Labour
costs(a)
Other current
expenditure
Industry
$m $m
$m $m
Food, beverage and tobacco manufacturing 45.8 75.0 85.3 206.1
Textile, clothing, footwear and leather manufacturing 1.0 9.0 9.3 19.3
Wood and paper product manufacturing 13.1 22.3 53.4 88.9
Printing, publishing and recorded media 1.5 14.6 9.7 25.8
Petroleum, coal, chemical and associated product manufacturing 32.9 140.2 166.4 339.5
Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing 5.5 22.1 26.7 54.3
Metal product manufacturing 59.0 88.0 121.7 268.8
Motor vehicle and part and other transport equipment
manufacturing 24.8 157.1 189.9 371.8
Photographic and scientific equipment manufacturing 6.5 57.6 38.1 102.4
Electronic and electrical equipment and appliance manufacturing 21.5 182.1 174.9 378.8
Industrial machinery and equipment manufacturing 6.6 59.6 43.5 109.8
Other manufacturing 2.5 9.1 6.0 17.6
Total manufacturing 220.8 836.7 925.1 1 982.6
(a) Includes wages and salaries, payroll tax, payments to contract staff on the payroll, fringe benefits tax and workers’
compensation, holiday pay, long service leave payments, sick pay, and employer contributions to superannuation and pension
schemes.
Source: Research and Experimental Development, Businesses, Australia (8104.0).
Total
Direct exports by manufacturers
Table 19.20 shows the proportions of
manufacturing employment and turnover
accounted for by manufacturing establishments,
classified by the extent to which they directly
engage in exporting activity. It also shows the
value of those direct exports as a percentage
of total sales of goods produced.
Generally, exporting establishments have
higher turnover per person employed than
non-exporting establishments. In 1997–98,
establishments which undertook some
exporting accounted for 44% of manufacturing
employment, but contributed slightly over
60% of manufacturing turnover. Industries where
exporting establishments contributed the most to
industry turnover were Petroleum, coal, chemical
and associated product manufacturing (75% of
industry turnover) and Machinery and equipment
manufacturing (71%). Industries where exporting
establishments contributed least to industry
turnover were Printing, publishing and recorded
media (27%), and Other manufacturing
(26%). On average, exporting establishments
showed higher wages and salaries per person
employed than non-exporting establishments.