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Notes on Some Turkish Personal Names in Seljūq Military History 105
this is probably of totemistic origin, since Kashghar\ defines chaghrï as „a small
falcon“ (saqr), most likely the merlin, which in Ottoman Turkish appears as the
chaqïr doghan, merlin or possibly the sparrow-hawk. Clauson noted that the
name’s origin lies probably in Arabic saqr, in its turn very likely derived ultimately
from post-classical Latin sacer „saker“, though the line of transmission is
unclear; it does not appear in Turkish onomastic before Qarakhanid and Seljuq
times (Doerfer, TMEN, III, 778 no. 1090; Clauson, ED, 409–10; Rásonyi-Baski,
OT, I, 186).
10. CHAWLÏ, name of the commander called Saqqa’u who was Mu1ammad
(I) b. Malik Shah’s cup bearer (saqi, saqqa’) and also of the commander who was
Mas^ud b. Mu1ammad (I)’s chief of the guard (jandar) and an Atabeg (Bundar\,
203; Rawand\, 232; 0usayn\, 81, tr. 58 and n. 265, 110, tr. 74; Ibn al-Ath\r, X, 298,
tr. Chronicle, Part 1, 30, and XI, 79, tr. Chronicle, Part 1, 357), chavlï being one of
the numerous names in Turkic for „[young] kite, falcon“ (Sauvaget, „Noms et
surnoms de Mamelouks“, 46; Clauson, ED, 397; Sümer-Yazgan, SA, II, 629–31;
Rásonyi-Baski, OT, I, 194).
11. ENÜK, called al-Khass, one of Alp Arslan’s commanders (0usayn\, 38,
tr. 31 and n. 141), enük „cub of a predatory beast“ (Sauvaget, „Noms et surnoms
de Mamelouks“, 83–4; Clauson, ED, 183).
12. GÜMÜSH-TEGIN, the name of a commander of Malik-Shah’s (Gümüshtegin
Bilge Beg) and of the Atabeg and jandar of Berkyaruq’s (Gümüsh-tegin
al-Qaysar\) (Bundar\, 83; 0usayn\, 75, tr, 54; Rawand\, 140; Ibn al-Ath\r, X, 215,
tr. Annals, 263), literally, „silver prince“, probably implying „having a bright, silvery
complexion“. It is made up of gümüsh „silver“ (although Professor Golden
notes that the initial consonant may at this time in Oghuz have still been k, the
shift k > g only appearing in late twelfth-early thirteenth century Old Anatolian
Turkish) and tegin, this last originally an ancient Turkic title known from Orkhon
times denoting „prince, son or grandson of the ruling Qaghan“, but by Kashghar\’s
time much lowered in the social scale since he defines it as ^abd, with a
fanciful explanation for this process (Clauson, ED, 483; Rásonyi-Baski, OT, II,
391–2, 727; Peter B. Golden, „The terminology of slavery and servitude in medieval
Turkic“, in Studies on Central Asian history in honor of Yuri Bregel, ed. Devin
DeWeese, Bloomington, Indiana 2001, 52–3, repr. in his Turks and Khazars.
Origins, institutions, and interactions in pre-Mongol Eurasia, Variorum Collected
Studies, Farnham, Surrey 2010, no. VI; Bosworth, „Further notes on the Turkish
names in Abu ’l-Fadl Bayhaq\’s Tarikh-i Mas^udi“, 449).
13. ÏNANCH, component of the name of Ïnanch Sonqor (for this latter word,
„falcon, gerfalcon“, see Bosworth, „Notes on some Turkish names in Abu ’l-Fadl
Bayhaq\’s Tarikh-i Mas^udi“, 310), commander of Sanjar’s, and a component of
the name of the Ildegizid Qutlugh Ïnanch Ma1mud, son of Ïnanch Khatun (Bun-