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Visualizza la rivista a bassa risoluzione in formato pdf

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CHINA TALKS<br />

12<br />

Not everybody has been directly <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> both two of the<br />

big events of the <strong>la</strong>st century: the build<strong>in</strong>g of the atomic<br />

bomb and the Ch<strong>in</strong>ese Cultural Revolution. The American<br />

Joan H<strong>in</strong>ton has been <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> both of them. Hers is an<br />

adventurous story, today unth<strong>in</strong>kable. She died two years<br />

ago, leav<strong>in</strong>g beh<strong>in</strong>d a great void. However, her death has<br />

passed unnoticed <strong>in</strong> the West and has uncovered hidden resentments,<br />

expressed <strong>in</strong> slightly spiteful obituaries published<br />

on the ma<strong>in</strong> American newspapers. They have never forgiven<br />

her for hav<strong>in</strong>g chosen Ch<strong>in</strong>a, which <strong>in</strong> return has adopted<br />

her. Han Chun (Joan’s Ch<strong>in</strong>ese name) was popu<strong>la</strong>r <strong>in</strong> her<br />

adopted country, where she first arrived <strong>in</strong> 1948. She was a<br />

nuclear physicist, com<strong>in</strong>g from a family of <strong>in</strong>tellectuals and<br />

writers. She was warmly welcome, particu<strong>la</strong>rly by Enrico<br />

Fermi and even if she was a woman, <strong>in</strong> the Manhattan<br />

Project which led to the production of the atomic bomb. The<br />

devastat<strong>in</strong>g effects and uses of their researches led her to<br />

help people <strong>in</strong> the East and to embrace Maoist ideals.<br />

In her country of orig<strong>in</strong>, she was regarded as the Mata Hari<br />

of the Cold War, but she did not care of <strong>in</strong>s<strong>in</strong>uations and<br />

kept on work<strong>in</strong>g at her dairy farm <strong>in</strong> Ch<strong>in</strong>a and as an editor<br />

and trans<strong>la</strong>tor, thus p<strong>la</strong>y<strong>in</strong>g an active part <strong>in</strong> Ch<strong>in</strong>ese political<br />

and cultural life. She firmly held her political convictions, but<br />

at the same time she was able to update them. She never<br />

stopped criticiz<strong>in</strong>g the US government, <strong>in</strong> particu<strong>la</strong>r dur<strong>in</strong>g<br />

the Bush adm<strong>in</strong>istration, but her ma<strong>in</strong> occupation was her<br />

dairy farm near Beij<strong>in</strong>g. After all, as she ironically wrote, the<br />

real concern of her life were the two hundred cows she had<br />

to take care of. She was a woman who stood out from the<br />

crowd, somebody we should have listened to and remember.<br />

寒春<br />

Han Chun<br />

Non è da tutti essere stata tra i protagonisti di due grandi eventi<br />

del secolo scorso: <strong>la</strong> creazione del<strong>la</strong> bomba atomica e <strong>la</strong><br />

Rivoluzione Culturale c<strong>in</strong>ese. Questo è accaduto all’americana<br />

Joan H<strong>in</strong>ton. La sua storia è una grande avventura, impensabile<br />

oggi. E’ scomparsa due anni fa <strong>la</strong>sciando un grande vuoto, <strong>in</strong>avvertito<br />

<strong>in</strong> Occidente, e riportando <strong>in</strong> superficie anche antichi rancori<br />

come hanno evidenziato i necrologi lievemente livorosi apparsi<br />

sui pr<strong>in</strong>cipali quotidiani americani. Non le hanno mai perdonato<br />

di aver scelto <strong>la</strong> C<strong>in</strong>a e di esserne stata adottata con grande<br />

affetto, nonostante non avesse mai pensato di rimanervi così a<br />

lungo. Han Chun (questo il suo nome c<strong>in</strong>ese) era molto famosa<br />

nel suo paese d’adozione, dove arrivò nel lontano 1948. Fisico<br />

nucleare, proveniente da una famiglia di <strong>in</strong>tellettuali e scrittori, fu<br />

accolta (pur essendo una donna, ma voluta espressamente da<br />

Enrico Fermi) nel Progetto Manhattan che portò al<strong>la</strong> realizzazione<br />

del<strong>la</strong> bomba atomica. Gli effetti devastanti e le applicazioni di<br />

questi studi l’avevano portata a dirigere il suo sguardo verso<br />

oriente per aiutarne <strong>la</strong> popo<strong>la</strong>zione, riconoscendosi negli ideali<br />

maoisti. Considerata <strong>in</strong> patria una Mata Hari del<strong>la</strong> Guerra Fredda,<br />

fu sempre al di sopra di ogni <strong>in</strong>s<strong>in</strong>uazione, occupandosi del<strong>la</strong> sua<br />

azienda casearia <strong>in</strong> C<strong>in</strong>a e partecipando attivamente al<strong>la</strong> vita culturale<br />

e politica c<strong>in</strong>ese con il suo <strong>la</strong>voro di redattrice e traduttrice.<br />

Rimasta ideologicamente salda nelle sue conv<strong>in</strong>zioni politiche,<br />

tuttavia r<strong>in</strong>novandole, non cessò negli ultimi anni di criticare l’amm<strong>in</strong>istrazione<br />

americana (<strong>in</strong> partico<strong>la</strong>re quel<strong>la</strong> di Bush), pur cont<strong>in</strong>uando<br />

ad avere come occupazione pr<strong>in</strong>cipale <strong>la</strong> “fattoria” fondata<br />

nei pressi di Pech<strong>in</strong>o. Perché <strong>in</strong> fondo, come scriveva ironicamente:<br />

“l’unica vera preoccupazione del<strong>la</strong> sua vita sono state le<br />

duecento mucche da accudire”. Una voce fuori dal coro, da ascoltare<br />

e ricordare.<br />

Pier Giorgio Giraudo

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