Building Design and Construction Handbook - Merritt - Ventech!

BUILDING MATERIALS 4.95
Rubber-Lined Pipes, Tanks, and Similar Equipment. The lining materials include
all the natural and synthetic rubbers in various degrees of hardness, depending
on the application. Frequently, latex rubber is deposited directly from the latex
solution onto the metal surface to be covered. The deposited layer is subsequently
vulcanized. Rubber linings can be bonded to ordinary steel, stainless steel, brass,
aluminum, concrete, and wood. Adhesion to aluminum is inferior to adhesion to
steel. Covering for brass must be compounded according to the composition of the
metal.
Rubber Hose. Nearly all rubber hose is laminated and composed of layers of
rubber combined with reinforcing materials like cotton duck, textile cords, and
metal wire. Typical hose consists of an inner rubber lining, a number of intermediate
layers consisting of braided cord or cotton duck impregnated with rubber, and
outside that, several more layers of fabric, spirally wound cord, spirally wound
metal, or in some cases, spirally wound flat steel ribbon. Outside of all this is
another layer of rubber to provide resistance to abrasion. Hose for transporting oil,
water, wet concrete under pressure, and for dredging purposes is made of heavyduty
laminated rubber.
Vibration Insulators. These usually consist of a layer of soft rubber bonded between
two layers of metal. Another type of insulated consists of a rubber tube or
cylinder vulcanized to two concentric metal tubes, the rubber being deflected in
shear. A variant of this consists of a cylinder of soft rubber vulcanized to a tubular
or solid steel core and a steel outer shell, the entire combination being placed in
torsion to act as a spring. Heavy-duty mounts of this type are employed on trucks,
buses, and other applications calling for rugged construction.
4.77 PLASTICS BIBLIOGRAPHY
American Concrete Institute, ‘‘Polymer Modified Concrete,’’ SP-99; ‘‘Polymers in
Concrete,’’ ACI 548; and Guide for the Use of Polymers in Concrete,’’ ACI 548.1.
American Society of Civil Engineers, ‘‘Structural Plastics Design Manual,’’ and
‘‘Structural Plastics Selection Manual.’’
‘‘Modern Plastics Encyclopedia,’’ Plastics Catalog Corp., New York.
A. G. H. Dietz, ‘‘Plastics for Architects and Engineers,’’ M.I.T. Press, Cambridge,
Mass.
C. A. Harper, ‘‘Handbook of Plastics and Elastomers,’’ McGraw-Hill Publishing
Company, New York.
R. M. Koerner, ‘‘Designing with Geosynthetics,’’ 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewoods
Cliffs, N.J.
I. Skeist, ‘‘Plastics in Building,’’ Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
PORCELAIN-ENAMELED PRODUCTS
Porcelain enamel, also known as vitreous enamel, is an aluminum-silicate glass,
which is fused to metal under high heat. Porcelain-enameled metal is used for