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Building Design and Construction Handbook - Merritt - Ventech!

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7.84 SECTION SEVEN<br />

Connector Details. In composite construction, shear connectors welded to the top<br />

flange of the steel beam are typically used to ensure composite action by transferring<br />

shear between the concrete deck <strong>and</strong> steel beam. Location, spacing, <strong>and</strong> size<br />

limitations for shear connectors are the same for ASD <strong>and</strong> LRFD procedures. Connectors,<br />

except those installed in ribs of formed steel decks, should have a minimum<br />

lateral concrete cover of 1 in. The diameter of a stud connector, unless located<br />

directly over the beam web, is limited to 2.5 times the thickness of the beam flange<br />

to which it is welded. Minimum center-to-center stud spacing is 6 diameters along<br />

the longitudinal axis, 4 diameters transversely. Studs may be spaced uniformly,<br />

rather than in proportion to horizontal shear, inasmuch as tests show a redistribution<br />

of shear under high loads similar to the stress redistribution in large bolted joints.<br />

Maximum spacing is 8 times the slab thickness.<br />

Formed Steel Decking. Concrete slabs are frequently cast on permanent steel<br />

decking with a ribbed, corrugated, cellular, or blended cellular cross section (see<br />

Sec. 8). Two distinct composite-design configurations are inherent: ribs parallel or<br />

ribs perpendicular to the supporting beams or girders (Fig. 7.38) The design procedures,<br />

for both ASD <strong>and</strong> LRFD, prescribed for composite concrete-slab <strong>and</strong> steelbeam<br />

construction are also applicable for systems utilizing formed steel decking,<br />

subject to additional requirements of the AISC ‘‘Specification for Structural Steel<br />

for <strong>Building</strong>s’’ <strong>and</strong> as illustrated in Fig. 7.38.<br />

FIGURE 7.38 Steel-concrete composite-beam construction with formed steel decking: (a) ribs<br />

parallel to beam; (b) ribs transverse to beam [refer to (a) for applicable requirements].

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