Between the devil and the deep blue sea - University of Canterbury

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- 465- MOBILISATION AND LEAVE FOR MILITARY, LANDWEERAND LANDS7VRM 1 (MONTH MOBILISED IN ITALICS, MONTH SENT ON LEAVE IN BOLD) INTAKE YEAR 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 Mi11919 (born 1899) LS 1918 (born 1898) August (part) Autumn
PRIMARY SOURCES ARCHIVES - Bibliography - ALGEMEEN RI]KSARCHIEF (STATE ARCHIVES), AMSTERDAM [ARA] ARA, "A-Dossiers van hetMinisterie van Buitenlandse Zaken 1871 - 1918" [A-files of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1871 - 1918] entry no. 2.05.03. ARA, "Archiefvan de Afdeling Documentatie van de Koninklijke Bibliotheek inzake der verzameling van documenten en gegevens betreffende de economischen crisis van Nederland in oorlogsgevaar, 1914 - 1918 (-1921)" [Archive of the Section Documentation of the Royal Library concerning the collection of documents and data concerning the economic crisis of the Netherlands in war danger, 1914 - 1918 (-1921)] entry no. 2.04.53.14. ARA, "Archiefvan de Chef van de Marinestafte 's-Gravenhage 1886 -1942" [Archive of the Chief of Naval Staff in The Hague 1886 - 1942] entry no. 2.12.18. ARA, "Archiefvan de Directie van Handel en Nijverheid 1905 - 1943 en voorgangers, met de werkarchieven van minister Steenberghe, M. H. Hirschfeld en van enkele commissies, (1815) 1905 - 1943 (1946)" [Archive ofthe Direction of Trade and Industry 1905 - 1943 and predecessors, with the work-archives of Minister Steenberghe, M. H. Hirschfeld and of several commissions, (1815) 1905 - 1943 (1946)] entry no. 2.06.001. ARA, "Archiefvan de Raad van Ministers 1823 - 1977, zijn Commissies en Onderraden 1936 - 1973 en de Raad van Ministers van hetKoninkrijk 1955 - 1977" [Archive ofthe Cabinet 1823 - 1977, its commissions and sub-committees 1936- 1973 and the Cabinet of the Realm 1955 - 1977] entry no. 2.02.05.02. ARA, "Archief van mr dr H. H. A. Gybland Oosterhoff en van enige van zijn familieleden" [Archive of mr dr H. H. A. Gybland Oosterhoff and of some of his family members] entry no. 2.21.079. ARA, "Archieven van Crisisinstellingen in verb and met de Eerste Wereldoorlog over de peri ode 1914 - 1926" [Archives of Crisis Departments dealing with the First World War during the period 1914 - 1926] entry no. 2.06.079. ARA, "Archieven van de Dienst der Gei'nterneerde Krijgsgevangenen 1917 - 1919" [Archive of the Service for Interned Prisoners of War 1917 - 1919] entry no. 2.05.42. ARA, "Archieven van de Generale Staf, mede als onderdeel van het Algemeen Hoofdkwartier, 1914 - 1940" [Archives ofthe General Staff, also part of General Headquarters, 1914 - 1940] entry no. 2.13.70. ARA, "Archieven van de Koninklijke Landmacht, c. 1850 - c. 1940" [Archives of the Royal Netherlands' Army, c. 1850 - c. 1940] entry no. 2.13.45. ARA, "Archieven van Divisies, Regimenten en andere eenheden van de Infanterie van Koninklijke Landmacht, 1814 - 1940" [Archives of the Divisions, Regiments and other infantry units of the Royal Netherlands' Army, 1814 - 1940] entry no. 2.13.52. ARA, "Collectie Bosboom" [Collection Bosboom] entry no. 2.21.027. ARA, "Diverse Commissie-Archieven van het Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken .01 Staatscommissie tot Herziening der Gemeentewet (KB. 6 december 1918, nr. 7)" [Diverse Commission archives ofthe Ministry of Internal Affairs .01 State Commission for review ofthe Municipal Law (K.B. 6 December 1918, nr. 7)] entry no. 2.04.40.01. ARA, "Fotokopieen van stukken betreffende Nederland uit archieven van hetDuitse Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken 1866 - 1919" [Photocopies of pieces regarding the Netherlands from the archives of the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1866 - 1919] entry no. 2.05.16.
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BETWEEN THE DEVIL AND THE DEEP BLUE
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Orange Dots in the Sky Conclusion 3
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- iv- CONCLUSION: CAUGHT BETWEEN TH
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Illustration 9: The electric fence
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- Note on Citations - Where possibl
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- Acl
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- xii- offering accommodation, comp
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- 2 - The years 1914 to 1918 illust
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- 4- and 1919. As we shall see, dur
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- 6- their rhetoric, were also unde
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- 8 - Another favourite theme for p
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- 10- here. 25 As a result, the Dut
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- 12 - MEMORIALISING THE GREAT WAR,
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- 14 - socialised activity".43 Afte
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- 16 - Committee), the association
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- 18 - The commemorative behaviour
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- 20- consciousness, and that even
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- 23- of his contemporaries attempt
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- 27 - from flawless in detail and
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- 29 - the war experiences of the v
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- 31 - Chapter 4 introduces the int
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- 33 - The inability to keep up wit
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- 35 - for the proclaimed non-belli
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- 37- during a general war involvin
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- 39- there seemed to be every reas
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- 41 - The advantages of neutrality
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- 43 - goods went ahead unhindered.
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- 45- territorial advantage to an a
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- 47- BELGIUM Map 3: The Netherland
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- 49- When Gennany invaded Belgium
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- 51 - Kaiser's annies captured the
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- 53- To this end, the Dutch placed
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- 55 - CONCLUSION In August 1914, t
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- 58 - invaders. The inundations we
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- GO- from paying others to do thei
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- 62- understanding that nations wa
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- 64 - H. P. Staal (1905 to 1907),
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- 66- highlights how High Command f
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- 68- all men aged between 20 and 4
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- 70- the age of 25 who had not yet
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- 72 - hours military training a we
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- 74- Illustration 4: General C. J.
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- 76 - and van Terwisga were import
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- 78- naval troops (including its l
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- 81 - Map 7: The ajivachtingsopste
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FORTIFICATION New Holland Waterline
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PROVINCES - 85 - peripheral areas.
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- 87 - had access to ten howitzers
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- 89- the military units in being i
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- 91 - the international debate sUl
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- 93- four had arrived so far from
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- 95- established part of its milit
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Chapter 3 - Api Api: The Mobilisati
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- 99- Schlieffen Plan. By this day,
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- 101 - fact that the Netherlands d
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- 103 - landweer of the conscript i
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- 105 - foreign naval ships attempt
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- 107- heightened tension and possi
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- 109 - declarations. They gathered
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- 111 - about the war. He explained
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- 113- Reserve Banle to lower its s
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- 115 - Most troops were able to tr
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- 117- cartridges; however, only 80
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- 119 - Many of the supply problems
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- 121 - negligible number. The spee
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- 123 - Another requisition was org
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- 125 - removed families from their
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- 127 - countries had relatively eq
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- Chapter 4 - Calm Amidst the Ragin
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- 131 - Once the war did not end by
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- 133 - Map 9: Position of the Fiel
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- 135 - Like the Army, the Navy als
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- 137 - I do not have to re-emphasi
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- 139 - the will of the entire cabi
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- 141 - by Helmuth von Moltke's vol
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- 143 - German equivalents on the o
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- 145 - with the Gennan Krupps manu
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- 147- military preparations. At an
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- 149 - denying the event, although
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- 151 - Camite Internatianale des S
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- 153 - Germany.89 As of 5 August,
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- 155 - over both sides of the wate
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- 157 - could not be used in an off
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- 159 - bombs causing damage to a f
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- 161 - could not ensure Queen Wilh
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- 163 - Netherlands would do its ut
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- 165 - internment, along the south
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- 167 - certain problems. During th
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- 169 - front. In fact, a number of
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- 171 - many of the wounded back wi
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- 174 - Eventually, out of chaos ca
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- 176 - and complained of profiteer
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- 178- Dutch agreed to let intemees
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- 180 - for their men. 93 At times
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- 182 - The POW agreement in 1917 a
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- 184 - for them in Bergen. 121 The
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- 186- during the war,135 enabling
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- 188 - exodus described by one his
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- 190 - responsibility was almost e
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- 192 - burning villages to the gro
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- 194 - mid-1918, Belgians sought e
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- 196 - course of planning, Snijder
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- Chapter 6 - Territorial Neutralit
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- 200- corresponding pressure on th
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- 202- the contraband list well bey
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- 204 - Allied demands with much gr
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- Z06- did not keep to the arrangem
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- 208- obtained theirs straight fro
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- 210 - guaranteeing that the goods
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- ZIZ - the Belgian town of Zeebrug
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- 214 - Tubantia by a Gelman torped
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- 216 - fishing vessels. A total of
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- 218- even removed all custom duti
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-zzo- minimum. What was even more w
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- 222- ports. 140 In the words of o
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- 224- delayed. 154 It was not unti
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- ZZ6- pennitted. In August 1917, t
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- ZZ8 - southern border and that, i
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- 230- and it elicited considerable
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- 232 - obtain valuable aid from th
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- 234- of spies; from hunting restr
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- 236 - would be responsible for mi
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- 238- equipment to cut down trees.
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- 240- legal requirements. As the m
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- 242 - September 1914, in 1915, sm
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- 244 - replacement workers. Cabine
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- 246- the inherent contradictions
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- 248 - municipal councils, mayors
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- 250- civilian authorities. They h
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- 252 - 1914 to enhance the Netherl
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- 254- and that he must make his su
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- 256- powers to the armed forces.
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- Chapter 8 - Ash-Grey with Neutral
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- 260- 1915, border guards arrested
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- 262 - because they were contraban
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- ZG4- supplies?7 An exception was
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1914 1915 1916 1917 - 266- The smug
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- 268- Despite these harsher rules,
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- 270- threatened that if the Dutch
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- 274 - In reality, preventing inte
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- 276- resistance of the population
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- 279 - volts. 134 Most definitely,
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- 281 - the deadly wires: hardly an
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- 283 - soil instead. 162 For the m
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- 287 - form. 189 The prints were r
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- 289- fact, commanders rarely used
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- 291 - LINES OF COMMUNICATION The
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- 293- requirement that a neutral n
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- 295 - sanctioned a meeting, he of
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- 297- siege" was, in fact, an extr
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- 299- the anned forces, their equi
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- 301 - owned 1,101, including outd
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- 303 - meet the needs of new consc
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- 305 - fortifications, wartime fun
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- 307 - fighting force including te
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- 309- He realised all too well, th
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- 311 - Nevertheless, it felt compe
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- 313 - clear signs that the econom
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- 315 - supplies. In other areas, c
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- 317 - Coal was drastically ration
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- 319 - (made from seaweed and muss
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- 321 - bars at a time, and that su
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- 323 - cities. 159 Given that 1918
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- 325 - uniforms quickly disappeare
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- 327- means of harnessing these fe
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196 Ibid. - 329- number of soldiers
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- 331 - The billeting of soldiers a
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- 333- months earlier when he procl
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- 336- smuggling, became more compr
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- 338 - were too young, inexperienc
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- 341 - CONSCRIPTION AND RECRUITMEN
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- 343 - changed considerably since
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- 345- June and July 1915, that the
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- 347- July 1916, much to the disgu
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- 349- LEAVE FOR ONE AND ALL Althou
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- 351 - Furthennore, successive Min
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- 353 - 30 per cent (at least) of o
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- 355 - it proclaimed, without goin
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- 357 - was there any need to keep
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- 359 - The demobilisation lobby, w
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- 361 - compromise the safety of ce
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- 363 - sites (in case the internee
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- 365 - rest were all on indefinite
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- 368 - between the Commander-in-Ch
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- 370- spreading, in the last month
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- 372 - The mayor of Amsterdam was
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- 374 - quelled through a mix of mi
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- 376- 1919) for a month (from July
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- 378- then it was more likely that
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- 380 - down their alms and refuse
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- 382- to entice soldiers into extr
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- 384 - carriages, causing urn-est
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- 386- the riots. 90 The commission
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- 388- in the newspapers only made
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- 390- associates.!07 It was not th
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- 392 - the two was defined by thei
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- 394- The different meanings make
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- 396 - done so. Nevertheless, in t
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- 398 - saluting was either promote
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- Chapter 12 - Not a Day Too Late:
Page 413 and 414:
- 402 - called any day. 8 Both men
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- 404- in disarray. IS The potentia
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- 406 - above involved revolutionar
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- 408- the cabinet and Snijders. Th
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- 410- The Harskamp mutiny started
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- 412 - defeatist, and feared that
Page 425 and 426: - 414 - Snij del" s report of 29 Ma
Page 427 and 428: - 416 - powerful and long-lasting d
Page 429 and 430: - 418 - confidence in the Commander
Page 431 and 432: - 420- belligerent powers signed th
Page 433 and 434: - 422- complete innocence afterward
Page 435 and 436: - 424 - several occasions between N
Page 437 and 438: - 4ZG- government. 104 It was Brita
Page 439 and 440: - 428- landstorm on a voluntary bas
Page 441 and 442: - 430- DEMOBILISATION The attempted
Page 443 and 444: - 432 - (demobilisatieparken).134 H
Page 445 and 446: - 434 - Illustration 17: German sol
Page 447 and 448: - 436- In the aftermath of the Limb
Page 449 and 450: - 438 - that the threat of war had
Page 451 and 452: - 440 - survive through future stor
Page 453 and 454: - 442 - and sovereignty. After Apri
Page 455 and 456: - 444 - To ensure the cherished pea
Page 457 and 458: - 446 - In a similar vein, the cond
Page 459 and 460: - 448- war, militmy authority would
Page 461 and 462: DUTCH Generaal Lieutenant -Generaal
Page 463 and 464: ORGANISATION Headqualiers Four Divi
Page 465 and 466: DATE Ju130 Ju131 Aug 1 Aug 2 Aug 3
Page 467: Article 18 - 456- OVERVIEW OF THE N
Page 470 and 471: ARTICLE Article 1 Article 2 Article
Page 472 and 473: - Appendix 9 STATE OF WAR AND SIEGE
Page 474 and 475: - Appendix 10 - MOBILISATION AND LE
Page 478: - 467- ARA, "Geheim en Kabinetsarch
Page 481 and 482: - 470- Militair-Rechtelijk Tijdschr
Page 483 and 484: - 472- Grinnell-Milne, Duncan An Es
Page 485: - 474- Smit, C. (ed.) Bescheiden be
Page 489 and 490: - 478- Bauwens, A. R., Devroe, C.,
Page 491 and 492: - 480- Centre de recherche de I'His
Page 493 and 494: Fridenson, Patrick (ed.) The French
Page 495 and 496: - 484- Horst, Han van der The low s
Page 497 and 498: - 486- Lambert, Audrey M. The Makin
Page 499 and 500: - 488- Peet, Anselm J. van der Bela
Page 501 and 502: - 490- Stoelinga, Thomas Herman Joz
Page 503 and 504: - 492 - Wels, Cornelis Boudewijn Al
Page 505 and 506: - 494 - Bavel, D. T. A. van "Het tr
Page 507 and 508: - 496- Bosmans, J. "De kroon aan he
Page 509 and 510: - 498- Darian-Smith, Kate "Remember
Page 512 and 513: - 501 - Gregory, Adrian "Lost gener
Page 514 and 515: - 503- Horne, John "Introduction: m
Page 516 and 517: - 505- KIaauw, Bart van der "Unexpe
Page 518 and 519: - 507- Lith, Hans van "Albert Hahn:
Page 520 and 521: - 509- Methorst, H. W. "The cost of
Page 522 and 523: - 511 - Ridder van Rappard, L. R. J
Page 524 and 525: - 513- Schulten, C. M. "The Netherl
Page 526 and 527:
- 515 - Snijders, C. J. "De Nederla
Page 529 and 530:
- 518- Verseput, J. "Gevolgen van d
Page 532 and 533:
- 521 - Winter, J. M. "Research Rep
Page 534:
- 523 - Pruntel, Hendrik Bereiken w
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