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Food additives data book - wordpres

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TECHNOLOGY OF USE IN FOODS: A satisfactory chemical leavening system requires a balance between the sodium leavening bicarbonate<br />

and the acid leavening agent. The number of parts of some common acid agents equivalent to 1 part of<br />

sodium bicarbonate are as follows:<br />

Monopotassium tartrate 2.24<br />

Pure SAPP (sodium acid pyrophosphate) 1.32<br />

Commercial SAPP 1.39<br />

Pure ACP (acid calcium phosphate) 1.045<br />

Commercial ACP 1.25<br />

Glucono-delta-lactone 2.12<br />

As commercially available acid leavening agents vary in their rate of reaction, they should be selected<br />

according to the particular application for which they are intended<br />

SYNERGISTS: Acidulants, such as potassium tartrate, calcium tetrahydrogen diorthophosphate (ACP), disodium<br />

dihydrogen diphosphate (SAPP), glucono-delta-lactone<br />

FOOD SAFETY ISSUES: No safety concerns<br />

LEGISLATION:<br />

USA: UK and EUROPE: CANADA: AUSTRALIA/PACIFIC RIM:<br />

Permitted for general food use Permitted for general food use Permitted for general food use Permitted for general food use<br />

and in self-raising flour<br />

REFERENCES: Lajoie, M. S., and Thomas, M. C. (1991) Versatility of bicarbonate leavening bases. Cereal <strong>Food</strong>s<br />

World, 36(5), 420–423.<br />

Timm, R. G. (1988) Baking powder – factors affecting its performance. In: Bush, P. B., Clarke, I. R.,<br />

Kort, M. J., and M. F. Smith (Eds.), Functionality of Ingredients in the Baking Industry. Natal<br />

Technikon Printers, Durban.<br />

Conn, J. F. (1981) Chemical leavening systems in flour products. Cereal <strong>Food</strong>s World, 26(3),<br />

119–123.<br />

Janovsky, C. (1993) Encapsulated Ingredients for the Baking Industry. Cereal <strong>Food</strong>s World, 38(1),<br />

85–87.<br />

Lajoie, M. S., and Thomas, M. C. (1994) Sodium bicarbonate particle size and neutralisation in<br />

sponge-dough systems. Cereal <strong>Food</strong>s World, 39(9), 684–687.<br />

Sodium hydrogen carbonate 555

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