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Food additives data book - wordpres

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Polysaccharides 660<br />

NAME: Agar<br />

CATEGORY: Polysaccharides<br />

FOOD USE: Meats/ Poultry/ Pet foods/ Desserts/ Baked goods/ Confections/ Beverages/ <strong>Food</strong> packaging/ Edible<br />

films/ Coatings/ All food products<br />

SYNONYMS: CAS 9002-18-0/ EINECS 232-658-1/ FEMA 2012/ E406/ Gelose/ Bengal gelatin/ Japan isinglass/<br />

Agar-agar<br />

FORMULA: Variable, a mixture of agaran (agarose) and agaropectin with variable methoxy and pyruvate<br />

substituents<br />

MOLECULAR MASS: Variable<br />

ALTERNATIVE FORMS: Agar is usually found as a calcium salt, although variable levels of sodium and magnesium salts are<br />

present in commerical preparations<br />

PROPERTIES AND APPEARANCE: White to pale yellow colour, either odourless or a slight charcoal odour<br />

SOLUBILITY % AT VARIOUS Solubility varies with molecular weight. Generally, agar is soluble in hot water, sucrose solutions,<br />

TEMPERATURE/pH COMBINATIONS: sodium chloride solution and ethanol solutions, but solubility in vegetable oils and propylene glycol is<br />

limited<br />

Above 45°C viscosity is relatively constant at pH 4.5 to pH 9<br />

in water: @ 20°C Generally insoluble @ 100°C Soluble<br />

FUNCTION IN FOODS: Stabiliser; emulsifier; thickener; drying agent; flavouring agent; surface finisher; formulation aid;<br />

humectant; antistaling in baking, confections, meats, poultry; gellant in desserts, beverages; protective<br />

colloid in foods<br />

ALTERNATIVES: Gellan; alginate; curdlan; gelatin (dependent on application)<br />

TECHNOLOGY OF USE IN FOODS: Agar should be dispersed in cold water and heated for 10 minutes at >85°C to melt and hydrate the<br />

polysaccharide. Typically agar preparations are autoclaved (retorted) at 121°C for at least 10 minutes.

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