09.06.2013 Views

Food additives data book - wordpres

Food additives data book - wordpres

Food additives data book - wordpres

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

Polysaccharides 702<br />

NAME: Guar gum<br />

CATEGORY: Polysaccharides<br />

FOOD USE: Dairy products/ Pet foods/ Baked goods/ Confectionery/ Dry formulated products/ <strong>Food</strong> packaging/<br />

Edible films and coatings/ All food products<br />

SYNONYMS: Beta-D-(1 Æ 4) mannan with some attached D-galactose molecules linked via alpha (1 Æ 6) bonds/<br />

CAS 9000-30-0/ EINECS 232-536-8/ E412/ FEMA 2537/ Galactomannan/ Guar flour/ Jaguar gum/<br />

Gum cyamopsis<br />

FORMULA: Variable, depending on the ratio of galactose to mannose<br />

MOLECULAR MASS: Variable. Generally 300,000 to 360,000<br />

ALTERNATIVE FORMS: Guar gum<br />

PROPERTIES AND APPEARANCE: White/brown powder<br />

SOLUBILITY % AT VARIOUS Solubility varies with molecular weight. Generally, guar gum is soluble in water, sucrose solutions and<br />

TEMPERATURE/pH COMBINATIONS: sodium chloride solution, but solubility in ethanol, vegetable oils and propylene glycol is limited.<br />

Solubility declines with increasing molecular weight and increasing concentration. It is pHindependent<br />

(pH 4 to pH 8)<br />

FUNCTION IN FOODS: Thickening agent; stabiliser; bulking agent; suspending agent<br />

ALTERNATIVES: Locust bean gum; tara gum; carrageenans; dextrans; starches; xanthan; gelatin; agar; alginate<br />

(application-dependent)<br />

TECHNOLOGY OF USE IN FOODS: Guar gum should be dispersed in cold water and heated to 80°C for 10 minutes to hydrate the<br />

polysaccharide. A high shear mixer will aid dispersion, although prolonged shear of high molecularweight<br />

polymers will reduce the viscosity.<br />

Guar gum molecules have a high hydrodynamic volume and can entangle with adjacent molecules,<br />

resulting in viscous properties. Synergistic interactions with xanthan gum result in gel formation. The

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!