Studies on the use of nano zinc oxide and modified silica in NR, CR ...

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8.3.1 Characterization of mesoporous silica 155 8.3.2 Cure characteristics 157 8.3.3 Thermal ageing studies 158 8.3.4 Bound rubber content 159 8.3.5 Thermogravimetric analysis 159 8.3.6 Soxhlet extraction studies 160 8.4 Conclusions 161 Part@ E Use of antioxidant modified rice husk silica in natural rubber……………161-172 8.5 Experimental 161 8.6 Results and discussion 163 8.6.1 Characterization of RHsilica 163 8.6.2 Cure characteristics 165 8.6.3 Mechanical properties 167 8.7 Conclusions 170 8.8 References 171 Chapter 9 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS……………………………………...173-176 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS LIST OF PUBLICATIONS **********
Introduction 1.1 Composites 1.1 Composites 1.2 Nanomaterials 1.3 Polymer matrices -- Elastomers 1.4 Compounding ingredients 1.5 Scope and objectives of the work 1.6 References Composite materials are well known to mankind since pre-historic times and used for many applications. But with the development of polymers and polymer science, the concept and technology have undergone a sea change in the understanding of the basics like the role of matrix and reinforcement, bonding mechanism, morphological features, environmental effects etc. VÉÇàxÇàá Polymer composites due to their light weight, chemical and corrosion resistance and heterogeneous nature provide unlimited possibilities. Their unique flexibility in design and tailoring and other characteristics such as ease of manufacturing, high specific strength, stiffness, corrosion resistance, durability, adaptability and cost effectiveness have attracted the attention of engineers, material scientists and technologists. They have become materials of the 21 st century to meet the requirements of space, missile, marine and medical aid technologies. Various additives are incorporated to these materials to modify their properties in the processing stage. Fillers constitute the largest bulk of these additives, especially in the case of rubber products. The introduction of mineral fillers, which are finely dispersed in rubber,
Page 2: Studies on the use
Page 5 and 6: WxvÄtÜtà|ÉÇ I hereby declare t
Page 7 and 8: My heartfelt thanks are also due to
Page 9 and 10: The use of prepared zinc oxides as
Page 11 and 12: 2.2.10 Characterization techniques
Page 13: Part@ B 7.3.1 Characterization - su
Page 17 and 18: Introduction of reinforcement and m
Page 19 and 20: Nanophase material: They are same a
Page 21 and 22: Introduction developed at Oxford Un
Page 23 and 24: Introduction Rubbers are broadly cl
Page 25 and 26: Introduction The polymers are prepa
Page 27 and 28: 1.4.1 Zinc oxide Introduction Zinc
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Page 33 and 34: Introduction textiles contain ZnO,
Page 35 and 36: 1.4.2a. Carbon blacks Introduction
Page 37 and 38: Introduction especially glass and c
Page 39 and 40: Introduction properties, filler cha
Page 41 and 42: Introduction coupling agent in sili
Page 43 and 44: Introduction amphiphilic di and tri
Page 45 and 46: Introduction It has been reported t
Page 47 and 48: Introduction The external manifesta
Page 49 and 50: Introduction concern for a clean en
Page 51 and 52: 12. C.R.Martin, Chem. Mater, 1996,
Page 53 and 54: 41. E.J.Stewart, J.Elastomers plast
Page 55 and 56: Introduction 69. J.B. Donnet (Ed),
Page 57 and 58: Introduction 100. C.T.Kresge, M.E.L
Page 59 and 60: Introduction 129. E.R.Ericsson, R.A
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Chapter 2 roll with mill opening at
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Chapter 2 were carried out at a cro
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Chapter 2 2.2.4 Strain-sweep studie
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Chapter 2 2.2.6 Bound rubber conten
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Chapter 2 Surface area 59 Surface a
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Preparation and characterization of
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3.2.2 Method I- Precipitation metho
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Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometr
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3.4.9 Differential scanning calorim
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3.6 References Preparation and char
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Use of nano zinc oxide in natural r
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Tear Strength (N/mm) 120 100 80 60
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4.5 References Use of nano zinc oxi
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Chapter 5 oil resistance to oil swe
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Chapter 5 93 Ingredient phr Table 5
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Chapter 5 95 Torque (dNm) 6.5 6.0 5
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Chapter 5 97 Other technological pr
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Chapter 5 99 Table 5.8 Reinforcing
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Chapter 5 101 Hours Table 5.11 Agei
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Chapter 5 5.5 References 103 1. D.C
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Chapter 6 105 Fatty acids as co-act
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Chapter 6 107 Physical properties s
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Chapter 6 The cure rate index of gu
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Chapter 6 show better mechanical pr
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Chapter 6 113 Table 6.6 Reinforcing
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Chapter 6 115 Tensile modulus (Mpa)
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Chapter 6 6.4 Conclusions 117 1. Gu
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Use of antioxidant modified precipi
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Mix Use of antioxidant modified pre
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Crosslink density Use of antioxidan
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Part@ B Use of antioxidant modified
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Thermal ageing studies Use of antio
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7.9 References Use of antioxidant m
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Products from rice husk as filler i
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Rubber compounding Products from ri
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Soxhlet extraction Products from ri
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8.3.4 Bound rubber content Products
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. Hardness (Shore A ) 70 60 50 40 3
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8.8 References 1. V.M.H. Govindaro
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Summary and Conclusions Polymers ar
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Summary and Conclusion compounds an
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ASTM : American Society for Testing
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A. International/National journals
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P.M.SABURA BEGUM Senior Scale Lectu
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