Studies on the use of nano zinc oxide and modified silica in NR, CR ...

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Chapter 7 144 Mix Table 7.14: Tensile properties of styrene butadiene vulcanizates Tensile strength Mpa 300% Tensile modulus, Mpa Elongation at break (%) Tear strength I-1 12.20 2.63 956 33 I-2 8.28 2.18 945 29 N/mm Tensile properties of vulcanizates with antioxidant modified silica are better than that of vulcanizates with neat silica. This indicates that antioxidant modified silica has better polymer-filler interaction resulting in better reinforcement than neat silica. This improvement is due to the fine distribution of modified silica particles in the rubber matrix and reduction in the size of the filler particles during antioxidant modified silica preparation, which has resulted in improved rubber-filler interaction. 7.7.3 Other technological properties The technological properties like hardness, compression test, abrasion loss, heat build-up and flex-crack resistance were compared for the vulcanizates with antioxidant modified silica and neat silica and are given in the Table 7.15. Mix Hardness (shore A) Table 7.15 Other technological properties Compression set (%) Abrasion loss (cc/hr) Heat buildup(∆T) 0 C Flex crack resistance (cycles) I-1 67 51 5.63 11.1 34477 I-2 62 55 6.79 14.8 20929 Hardness, a measure of the low strain elastic modulus, was found to be higher for the vulcanizates with antioxidant modified silica. Compression set, abrasion loss and heat build-up are found to be comparatively low for the vulcanizates with antioxidant modified precipitated silica. The lower compression set may be due to the better rubber-filler interaction and the
Use of antioxidant modified precipitated silica in natural rubber, chloroprene rubber and styrene butadiene rubber better abrasion resistance also points towards better bonding with the silica filler. The lower heat build-up may be due to the smooth surface of silica filler due to the antioxidant coating which acts as lubricant. The number of flex cycles required for crack initiation was noted and it is comparatively high for vulcanizates filled with antioxidant modified silica. The flex resistance is dependent on the network of the vulcanizates and it is found to be superior for the vulcanizate with antioxidant modified silica. 7.7.4 Thermal ageing studies Figure 7.9 (a)Variation of tensile strength of SBR vulcanizates (I-1 and I-2 ) with time of ageing at 100°C Modulus at 300% elongation (N/mm 2 ) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 24 48 72 Time (Hours ) Figure 7.9(c) Variation of modulus of the SBR vulcanizates (I -1 and I-2) with time of ageing at 100°C Elongation at break (%) 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 0 24 48 72 Time (Hours ) Figure 7.9(b) Variation of elongation at break of SBR vulcanizates (I-1 and I-2) with time of ageing at 100°C. (Antioxidant modified precipitated silica filled vulcanizate) (Neat precipitated silica filled vulcanizate.) 145
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Studies on the use
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WxvÄtÜtà|ÉÇ I hereby declare t
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My heartfelt thanks are also due to
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The use of prepared zinc oxides as
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2.2.10 Characterization techniques
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Part@ B 7.3.1 Characterization - su
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Introduction 1.1 Composites 1.1 Com
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Introduction of reinforcement and m
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Nanophase material: They are same a
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Introduction developed at Oxford Un
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Introduction Rubbers are broadly cl
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Introduction The polymers are prepa
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1.4.1 Zinc oxide Introduction Zinc
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Introduction and tinted rubber comp
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Pharmaceutical industry Introductio
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Introduction textiles contain ZnO,
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1.4.2a. Carbon blacks Introduction
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Introduction especially glass and c
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Introduction properties, filler cha
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Introduction coupling agent in sili
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Introduction amphiphilic di and tri
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Introduction It has been reported t
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Introduction The external manifesta
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Introduction concern for a clean en
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12. C.R.Martin, Chem. Mater, 1996,
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41. E.J.Stewart, J.Elastomers plast
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Introduction 69. J.B. Donnet (Ed),
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Introduction 100. C.T.Kresge, M.E.L
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Introduction 129. E.R.Ericsson, R.A
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Chapter 2 47 In a particular experi
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Chapter 2 Stearic acid (co-activato
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Chapter 2 roll with mill opening at
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Chapter 2 were carried out at a cro
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Chapter 2 2.2.4 Strain-sweep studie
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Chapter 2 2.2.6 Bound rubber conten
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Chapter 2 Surface area 59 Surface a
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Preparation and characterization of
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3.2.2 Method I- Precipitation metho
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Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometr
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3.4.9 Differential scanning calorim
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3.6 References Preparation and char
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Use of nano zinc oxide in natural r
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Tear Strength (N/mm) 120 100 80 60
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4.5 References Use of nano zinc oxi
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Chapter 5 oil resistance to oil swe
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