Studies on the use of nano zinc oxide and modified silica in NR, CR ...

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Chapter 7 with antioxidant modified silica. Changes in compression set, abrasion loss and heat build-up are attributed to the lower elasticity of vulcanizate with antioxidant modified silica. Flex resistance for vulcanizate with antioxidant modified silica are higher compared to vulcanizate filled with neat silica. This is due to the improved distribution of antioxidant modified silica in rubber matrix compared to neat silica in rubber matrix. 7.5.4 Thermal ageing studies 140 Tensile Strength (N/mm 2 ) 20 15 10 5 0 0 24hrs 48hrs 72hrs Time hours Figure.7.8 (a) Variation of tensile strength of CR vulcanizates (H-1 and H-2) with time of ageing at 100°C Modulus at 300% elongation (N/mm2) 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 24hrs 48hrs 72hrs Time (Hours) Elongation Break (%) 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 0 24hrs 48hrs 72hrs Time (Hours ) Figure 7.8(b) Variation of Elongation at break of CR vulcanizates (H-1and H-2) with time of ageing at 100°C. (Antioxidant modified precipitated silica filled vulcanizate) (Neat precipitated silica filled vulcanizate.) Figure 7.8(c) Variation of modulus at 300% elongation of the CR vulcanizate (H-1 and H-2) with time of ageing at 100°C Figure 7.8(a,b,c) shows the variation of tensile strength, elongation at break and modulus at 300% elongation of vulcanizates with antioxidant modified silica (H-1) and with neat silica (H-2). Tensile strength showed a decrease while modulus showed gradual increase. Modulus enhancement on
Use of antioxidant modified precipitated silica in natural rubber, chloroprene rubber and styrene butadiene rubber ageing may be due to additional cross linking during ageing. It can be seen from the figures that the thermal ageing resistance are found to be comparable for both vulcanizates filled with antioxidant modified silica and with neat silica. Part@ C USE OF ANTIOXIDANT MODIFIED SILICA IN 7.6 Experimental Materials: STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR 1502), conventional zinc oxide, stearic acid, precipitated silica, antioxidant IPPD, naphthenic oil, diethylene glycol, cyclohexylbenzothiazyl sulfenamide (CBS), tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) and sulphur. Preparation of SBR compounds Antioxidant modified silica and neat precipitated silica were mixed with styrene butadiene rubber as per the formulation given in Table 7.12. 141
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Studies on the use
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WxvÄtÜtà|ÉÇ I hereby declare t
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My heartfelt thanks are also due to
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The use of prepared zinc oxides as
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2.2.10 Characterization techniques
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Part@ B 7.3.1 Characterization - su
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Introduction 1.1 Composites 1.1 Com
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Introduction of reinforcement and m
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Nanophase material: They are same a
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Introduction developed at Oxford Un
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Introduction Rubbers are broadly cl
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Introduction The polymers are prepa
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1.4.1 Zinc oxide Introduction Zinc
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Introduction and tinted rubber comp
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Pharmaceutical industry Introductio
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Introduction textiles contain ZnO,
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1.4.2a. Carbon blacks Introduction
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Introduction especially glass and c
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Introduction properties, filler cha
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Introduction coupling agent in sili
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Introduction amphiphilic di and tri
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Introduction It has been reported t
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Introduction The external manifesta
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Introduction concern for a clean en
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12. C.R.Martin, Chem. Mater, 1996,
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41. E.J.Stewart, J.Elastomers plast
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Introduction 69. J.B. Donnet (Ed),
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Introduction 100. C.T.Kresge, M.E.L
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Introduction 129. E.R.Ericsson, R.A
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Chapter 2 47 In a particular experi
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Chapter 2 Stearic acid (co-activato
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Chapter 2 roll with mill opening at
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Chapter 2 were carried out at a cro
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Chapter 2 2.2.4 Strain-sweep studie
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Chapter 2 2.2.6 Bound rubber conten
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Chapter 2 Surface area 59 Surface a
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Preparation and characterization of
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3.2.2 Method I- Precipitation metho
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Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometr
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3.4.9 Differential scanning calorim
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3.6 References Preparation and char
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Use of nano zinc oxide in natural r
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Tear Strength (N/mm) 120 100 80 60
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Page 119 and 120: Chapter 6 105 Fatty acids as co-act
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Page 127 and 128: Chapter 6 113 Table 6.6 Reinforcing
Page 129 and 130: Chapter 6 115 Tensile modulus (Mpa)
Page 131 and 132: Chapter 6 6.4 Conclusions 117 1. Gu
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Page 143 and 144: Crosslink density Use of antioxidan
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Page 157 and 158: Thermal ageing studies Use of antio
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Page 167 and 168: Rubber compounding Products from ri
Page 169 and 170: Soxhlet extraction Products from ri
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Page 191 and 192: ASTM : American Society for Testing
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