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5. Conceptual ground work is required in the fi eld of economics to overcome the isolated analysis of terrorism in economics
and place it into a larger framework of security and insecurity.
6. Data collection and methodologies: More representative and nuanced data of terror activity and security measures in Europe
and worldwide and the development of methodologies able to account for the various non-monetary impacts of terrorism
are critical to provide a more accurate quantifi cation of impacts and repercussions of terrorism and security measures.
7. Structure and behaviour of terror organisations: This research area should provide a more nuanced insight into terrorists’
preferences and motivations, the emergence, evolution and cessation of terror organisations and their inter-relation with
actors of security and insecurity not least to be able to understand the eff ectiveness of security measures to thwart terrorism.
8. Knowledge about policy processes and issues: Apart from general accounts of security measures, a critical analysis of current
EU policy should identify their coherence across member states, their eff ectiveness and their potential negative repercussions.
9. Understanding of counter-terrorist organisations: The eff ectiveness of counter-terrorism organisations and their alternative
counter-terrorism measures should be pursued.
10. Knowledge about the relationship between media, terrorism, and counter-terrorism: While there is some research into this
fi eld, substantial gaps remain.
11.2.5 Legal framework and data protection issues
An open society is a necessity for a secure society. New security technologies risk putting aside the dignity of humans in the
name of the security of society. Data protection links society’s need for information about individual citizens and the needs
and rights to privacy and dignity.
11.2.5.1 Taking privacy seriously
Rapid progress in the development of communication technologies, biometrics, sensor technologies and data storage and
analysis capabilities is causing constant pressure on the fundamental right to privacy for both economic and security reasons.
We have seen the development and implementation of new security technologies and measures throughout Europe. These
are expected to raise security for European citizens, but they are at the same time increasing the surveillance of citizens and
causing infringements of privacy.
A primary task of ESRIF is to develop criteria and guidelines for security technologies and measures in line with human
rights in general and with the protection of privacy. Security technologies that are consistent with and enhance privacy
should allow the security industry to develop widely acceptable security products. Integrating privacy in the design of new
security technologies and systems will be a competitive advantage for the European security industry. It should be possible to
implement them in such a way that in the future more security does not imply a loss of privacy.
The dynamics of an open society is a prerequisite for social development, innovation and economic growth. To act proactively
not only with respect to security, but also in taking privacy seriously will be an investment for the future. When developing and
implementing security technologies for the future, privacy will be enhanced by respecting the following principles:
There is a baseline of privacy that is inviolable
Privacy and security is not a zero sum game
General access for law enforcement authorities to existing databases is not acceptable
Preservation of privacy is a shared responsibility for all stakeholders
Privacy protection requires continuous reassessment of criteria
ESRIF FINAL REPORT - PART 2 • Working Group: Human and Societal Dynamics of Security