I527-290 ESRIF Final Report (WEB).indd - European Commission

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24 3.5 Explosives Explosives are unfortunately the vector most often used by terrorists. Preventing access to explosives, their precursors and the technology to manufacture them remains very diffi cult. Thus the capability to detect them before they can be activated is critical. Mitigating existing and new means of attack such as improvised explosive devices (IEDs) is a permanent challenge for society. Sustained research eff orts must be pursued in this domain regarding the detection of all types of explosives –unattended or man-carried –including remote detection capabilities. Detection equipment must be transportable and easy to use. New solutions allowing very fast intervention are needed to neutralise, even partially, unattended potential explosives. The development of new markers in manufacturing and the ability to track compounds that identify the source of their components would also be very benefi cial for detection and investigation. Coordination at European level, mutual use of methods and expertise to counteract violent means of attack and support for the development of improved harmonised regulation should be encouraged. The existing European Network of Explosive Ordinance Disposal Units could be an appropriate channel to support such action. 3.6 Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear Chemical, biological, and radiological incidents, be they intentional or accidental, are major risks for Member States. The scale of these risks ranges from attacks by states to the use of small, improvised devices by terrorists. The spread of technical knowledge and capabilities that can enable dedicated individuals or groups to build CBRN devices is a major concern. While the impact of a CBRN incident on society can vary dramatically, it is in any case likely to be immense. Prevention is crucial and should receive particular attention by equipping intelligence agencies and policy makers with better information analysis tools. Consequence management to overcome CBRN attacks and hoaxes is also of extreme importance. This requires development of more eff ective and reliable detection and identifi cation capabilities, including detection networks, data fusion, distribution of signal output and decision support tools. Another important capability gap involves safe containment and decontamination procedures that provide quick eff ect without harmful side-eff ects, not least of which is the environmental clean-up of these materials. Special focus must also be placed on understanding the metrics of the psychological and sociological consequences of CBRN incidents and thus how to design proper countermeasures (education, communication and recovery). Although Europe has developed good standards for laboratory safety, the advent of dual-use technologies and the proliferation of know-how for the malicious use of biological agents have increased the need for socially-grounded approaches to biosecurity. Moreover, the continuing threat of global pandemics –with its potentially devastating impact on the health, social and economic stability of European society – sharpens these security concerns. 3.7 New technologies, new threats Having identifi ed the sustained research requirements to deal with generally known means of attack, ESRIF recognises that while new technologies are of paramount importance for to improving security, they may also foster new or transformed threats. Formerly unaff ordable and high-level technologies may become widely available for malicious use; e.g. high-power microwave or radio frequency jamming devices can be constructed using simple, off -the-shelf components while mobile devices are used to initiate or detonate homemade bombs. Although certain future deliberate misuses of technologies can be foreseen, most cannot. There is no doubt that rapid evolution in ICT/cyber security and its misuse will continue and even accelerate. Some technologies already identifi ed as candidates for ESRIF FINAL REPORT - PART 1 • European Security Research And Innovation Agenda (ESRIA)
misuse are nano-technology, artifi cial intelligence and ‘synthetic biology’ (i.e., the use of DNA technology to ‘engineer’ living organisms). These threats will have to be continually monitored and countered. Therefore it is very important that security research programmes maintain a strategic “technology watch”, and foresight activities, regarding potential and real threats that may arise from technological development. This should include processes by which technologies interact with socio-economic developments at large. 25
Page 1 and 2: ESRIF FINAL REPORT DECEMBER 2009
Page 3: Foreword Dragutin Mate, Chairman of
Page 6: 6 5. Working Group: Foresight and S
Page 11 and 12: 1. Introduction 1.1 ESRIF’s tasks
Page 13 and 14: 2. ESRIF’S Vision: Key Messages T
Page 15 and 16: Indeed, certain problems such as ne
Page 17: New capability driven, standardisat
Page 20 and 21: 20 SECURITY CYCLE; PREVENTING, PROT
Page 22 and 23: 22 Understanding the situation is a
Page 26 and 27: 26 CAPABILITIES FUNCTION MISSION FU
Page 28 and 29: 28 ESRIF is acutely aware that as a
Page 30 and 31: 30 SECURING IDENTITY, ACCESS AND MO
Page 32 and 33: 32 SYSTEMIC NEEDS RESEARCH NEEDS CR
Page 34 and 35: 34 3.14 Evidence and forensics Due
Page 36 and 37: 36 Ultimately, EU-wide governance i
Page 38 and 39: 38 discordant legislation aff ects
Page 40: 40 Preparations to meet foreseeabl
Page 45 and 46: Introduction Introduction Part II o
Page 47 and 48: on research capabilities and techno
Page 49 and 50: 1. Working Group: Security of the C
Page 51 and 52: • Security service providers. In
Page 53 and 54: 1.2.1.4 Research needs Research is
Page 55 and 56: CIVIL RIGHTS To enhance privacy, sp
Page 57 and 58: co-operation on a national and inte
Page 59 and 60: SYSTEMIC NEEDS LEGAL BASIS FOR THE
Page 61 and 62: During the post-disaster phase, aft
Page 63 and 64: 2. Investigation with respect to cr
Page 65 and 66: COUNTERACTING EXPLOSIVES SYSTEMIC N
Page 67 and 68: • Law enforcement and intelligenc
Page 69 and 70: 2. Working Group: Security of Criti
Page 71 and 72: Weaknesses inherent to existing sys
Page 73 and 74: data - will need to be secured, req
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embarkation points will be importan
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the rapid on-lining of powered-down
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Research Needs: Information and Com
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STOCKTAKING Research into security
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2.5 Point of Focus: New Critical In
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enhanced research eff orts need to
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2.6.6 Intervention The evolution o
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3. Working Group: Border Security 3
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The above mentioned tools could be
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The chosen system should be adaptab
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In general, interoperability will r
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• Guaranteed data networks with a
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• Combination of assets (coastal,
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4. Working Group: Crisis Management
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4.1.2 Work organisation In order to
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CROWD MANAGEMENT AND EVACUATION SEA
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SITUATIONAL AWARENESS They are coup
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ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION AND DEC
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might be low due to the overall opt
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4 STRATEGY AND TACTICAL SIMULATION
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11 RECOVERY LOGISTICS Complex crise
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ESRIF KEY MESSAGES CONTRIBUTION OF
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5. Working Group: Foresight and Sce
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foresight can enhance fl exibility
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the like. The underlying diff erenc
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Demography Science and Technology M
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5.4.3 Identifi cation and prioritis
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Global economy (including eff ects
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adapting security to the spectrum o
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Enhancing creative capabilities in
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Handling high-quality societal fore
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6. Working Group: CBRN 6.1 Introduc
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includes threat assessment, prevent
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medical counter-measures, decontami
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simplify the dissolution of radioac
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Identifi ed capability gaps are the
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having clear Standard Operating Pro
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Even the people themselves are key
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Extended strain collections with a
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of chemical, mechanical, civil, env
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7. Working Group: Situation Awarene
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Nonetheless, to protect information
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7.2.1.2 Communications A key aspect
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7.2.2 Required capabilities Securit
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Legal frameworks have to be created
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OPTIMIZED COMMUNICATION CAPABILITIE
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all around the globe near real-time
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A variety of diff erent platforms a
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8. Working Group: Identifi cation o
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In 1997, the very fi rst secure ele
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Tuning of biometric systems The dec
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At border of destination country: t
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2. Supply chain risks: The terroris
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Being more fi t for purpose - some
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A Certifi cate Policy (CP) is put i
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8.3.1.3 New practices and technolog
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The Electronic System for Travel Au
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8.3.3.3 Privacy protection Need to
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Mobile ID devices may be used for a
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The key points we would like to rei
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9. Working Group: Innovation Issues
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ESRIF WG 9 set the objective to eng
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Not only this interaction between d
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Role of Public Procurement The Euro
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9.3.2.1 European Security Technolog
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for training and education for secu
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10. Working Group: Governance and C
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10.2.1.4 Research Governance and Ma
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locus of governance is the first-re
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10.3 Findings & Gaps This section p
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which members of a society orient t
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The second noticeable result theref
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in thematic thrust (such as society
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For the moment, improving synergies
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Concepts Concepts are drawn in CSCP
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Annual workshops, ideas boxes can b
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In the above fi gure it can be seen
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11. Working Group: Human and Societ
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Good governance is refl ected throu
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together - into enduring working le
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6. Another research area focuses on
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4. Best Practices in Community-Base
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3. Terrorism and counter-terrorist
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11.2.5.2 Themes for future research
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excellence alone. Such systems are
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ESRIF FINAL REPORT ANNEXES
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ANNEX I Terms of Reference (ToR) fo
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6. Confidentiality ESRIF members, r
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251
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ANNEX II Roadmap table Weight / Cos
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Weight / Cost Estimate (small2- 5
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ANNEX III List of ESRIF Members (No
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PRANJÍC Stipan (Croatia) Ministry
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Leader: UNGER Christoph Rapporteur:
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FERNANDEZ VASQUEZ Diego FERRARI Mar
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STAICU Marcel STELTE Norbert STENER
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ANNEX IV Working Group References a
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United States, Department of Homela
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DORIZZI Bernadette, GARCIA-MATEO Ca
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MORDINI Emilio, OTTOLINI Corinna, B
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Working Group 9: Innovation Issues
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Culture as a factor in the percepti
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DE - security culture as such has b
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AT AT AT AT + Domestic security (re
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- Security is seen as a national sy
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AT AT AT AT FR FR - Ministry of Tra
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Matrix 2: Overall assessment of evi
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Matrix 4: Cultural factor summarize
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Austria France Germany Italy Nether
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UAVs UAVs UAVs UAVs Links space - U
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IT Initial Tranche JLS Justice, Lib
Page 323:
European Integration: The Dynamics
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I527-290 ESRIF Final Report (WEB).indd - European Commission

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