I527-290 ESRIF Final Report (WEB).indd - European Commission

embarkation points will be important where the security risk requires it. During transportation, operators will want
real-time and seamless localisation tools, as well as information on integrity and behaviour, particularly in the realm
of maritime security. At its heart, this will need considerable computing power, correlating and transferring of data
in real time, sifting and mining data stored and fed from the numerous information feeds. Only a complete, holistic
and correct situational picture will provide proactive, preventive as well as protective and reactive capabilities that
this critical infrastructure requires.
But the degree to which this holistic and integrated approach to security is implemented is wildly diverging: Airports
feature a high level of security against the last attempted methods of attack,but they fail to plan adequately for other
possible scenarios. The mid-2009 case of a member of the Saudi-Arabian royal house surviving a bomb attack, whose
perpetrator seemingly carried the explosives inside his body, may have protective repercussions, particularly in airports
– but also clearly demonstrates the need to remain vigilant to new forms of attack. These and other future developments
need to be, if possible, anticipated, and «thinking like a terrorist» should be encouraged in security experts. Most railway
stations have no security checks at all. Hazardous material detection is rudimentary at best, and sensors surveillance in
general is, as yet, incapable of tracking and identifying; remote biometrics is still in a pre-usage development phase,
as is behavioural pattern analysis. Evacuation route planning is the norm in facility layout design, but not in urban
planning – this needs to change for city development and must be addressed for existing cities. On a larger scale,
while coastal and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) surveillance methods are getting close to real-time, the monitoring of
international waters is incomplete and subject to irregular passes with Maritime Patrol Aircraft or surveillance satellites.
Even if these assets existed, as with other Critical Infrastructures, the amount of data generated and stored already far
exceeds computational and cognitive correlation/processing capabilities, leading to massive amounts of potentially
crucial data being lost and forgotten. In addition to the technical aspects of attaining appropriate levels of maritime
domain awareness (MDA) in shared international spaces, there are also the political and social issues of institutional
integration and information sharing. We require security solutions that support decision making and assist security
personnel in interpreting the information provided and some of these solutions need to be suited to the peculiarities
associated with international shared space.
Research Needs: Transportation (Air/Sea/Land)
RISK AND
VULNERABILITIES
ASSESSMENT
METHODOLOGIES
INSTITUTIONAL
INTEGRATION,
INFORMATION
EXCHANGE AND
RATIONAL DECISION
MAKING FRAMEWORKS
RESILIENT
ARCHITECTURES
DESIGN, INCLUDING
SECURE CONSTRUCTION
AND PROTECTION
RESEARCH NEEDS
Systemic interdependence and interconnection awareness
Advanced simulation and modelling tools
Integration of emergency planning requirements into system, e.g. facility and urban
planning, procedures
Privacy protection / abuse prevention assurance methodologies
Systematic and systemic tools to enhance planning and cooperation
Integration of institutional requirements in information exchange and decision
making tools
EMP-/HPM hardened system cores and emergency control functions
Inter-system contingency/fallback planning procedures
Smart materials for use in vehicles and facilities
Good security practice in construction of node and hub facilities
Continuous improvement of protective means, e.g. countermeasures
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